Nhận thức và thực hành giảng dạy ngữ pháp theo phương pháp qui nạp của giáo viên tại một trường ...

Nghiên cứu nhận thức và thực hành của giảng viên về phương pháp suy diễn trong giảng dạy ngữ pháp tại một trường đại học ở Hà Nội.

2013

58
0
0

Phí lưu trữ

30 Point

Mục lục chi tiết

DECLARATION

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

ABSTRACT

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART A. INTRODUCTION

A.1. Aims and objectives of the study

A.2. Scope of the study

A.3. Methods of the study

A.4. Significance of the study

A.5. Design of the study

PART B. DEVELOPMENT

CHAPTER I. LITERATURE REVIEW

1.1. Definition of terminology

1.1.1. Teachers’ perceptions

1.1.2. Grammar

1.2. Approaches to grammar teaching

1.2.1. The deductive approach

1.2.2. The inductive approach

CHAPTER II. METHODOLOGY

2.1. The fitness of the case study to the research purpose

2.2. Restatement of research questions

2.3. Case description and context of the study

2.4. The setting of the study

2.5. Methods of data analysis

CHAPTER 3. FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION

3.1. Findings from the interviews

3.1.1. Teachers’ perceptions of grammar teaching

3.1.2. Teachers’ perceptions of their own ways of grammar teaching

3.1.3. Teachers’ perceptions of giving grammatical rules

3.1.4. Teachers’ perceptions of integrating grammar into skills lessons

3.1.5. Teachers’ perceptions of the effectiveness of their own grammar teaching approaches

3.1.6. Teachers’ perceptions of the inductive approach

3.2. Findings from class observations

3.3. Discussion of the findings

PART C. CONCLUSION

C.1. Summary of the study

C.2. Limitations

C.3. Suggestions for further study

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

LIST OF TABLES

Trích đoạn nội dung tài liệu

VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST-GRADUATE STUDIES ------------------ NGUYỄN THỊ ĐIỆP TEACHERS’ PERCEPTIONS AND PRACTICES REGARDING TO TEACHING THE INDUCTIVE APPROACH TO TEACHING GRAMMAR – A CASE STUDY AT A HANOI- BASED UNIVERSITY (ĐIỂN CỨU VỀ NHẬN THỨC VÀ THỰC TẾ GIẢNG DẠY CỦA GIÁO VIÊN ĐỐI VỚI ĐƯỜNG HƯỚNG DẠY NGỮ PHÁP QUI NẠP TẠI MỘT TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC Ở HÀ NỘI ) M.A Minor Programme Thesis FIELD : ENGLISH METHODOLOGY CODE : 60.10 Hanoi, 2013 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST-GRADUATE STUDIES ------------------ NGUYỄN THỊ ĐIỆP TEACHERS’ PERCEPTIONS AND PRACTICES REGARDING TO TEACHING THE INDUCTIVE APPROACH TO TEACHING GRAMMAR – A CASE STUDY AT A HANOI- BASED UNIVERSITY (ĐIỂN CỨU VỀ NHẬN THỨC VÀ THỰC TẾ GIẢNG DẠY CỦA GIÁO VIÊN ĐỐI VỚI ĐƯỜNG HƯỚNG DẠY NGỮ PHÁP QUI NẠP TẠI MỘT TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC Ở HÀ NỘI ) M.A Minor Programme Thesis FIELD : ENGLISH METHODOLOGY CODE : 60. LE VAN CANH Hanoi, 2013 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com DECLARATION I hereby certify that the thesis entitled “Teachers’ perceptions and practices regarding the inductive approach to teaching grammar – A case study at a Hanoi-based university” is the result of my own research for the Degree of Master of Arts at the Faculty of Post-Graduate Studies, University of Languages and International Studies, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, and that this thesis has not, wholly or partially, been submitted for any degree at any other universities or institutions. Ha noi, 2013 Student’s signature Nguyen Thi Diep i LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First and foremost, I would like to specially dedicate my thanks to Dr. Le Van Canh, who has supervised my work and given me constructive comments through the process of conducting the study. Also, I would like to express my gratitude to him for his lectures in language teaching methodology course which gave me a lot of ideas to choose the topic for my research. There are many people who have helped me complete this thesis. I am greatly indebted to my colleagues who are willing to share their opinions and provide me with their lectures in the process of collecting the data. I am also deeply grateful to my loving family and friends who has continuously given me their supports and encouragement and also for their patience and understanding. Finally, I would like to thank all the people who are involved directly or indirectly in this particular study. Without their help and cooperation, I would not have been able to complete this thesis. ii LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com ABSTRACT This study was aimed to investigate teachers’ perceptions and practices in regarding grammar teaching at Hanoi University of Industry (HAUI). The data for the study were collected through class observations and interviews with ten English teachers at the Faculty of English, HAUI. The aim of the interviews was to gain insight into the factors which influenced teachers’ instructional decisions in teaching grammar, and in order to point out differences and similarities between their perceptions and their practices to English grammar teaching in the classroom. The data were first analyzed qualitatively and then discussed to find out answers to the research questions. The results of the study revealed that the teachers laid a great emphasis on grammar and grammar teaching with the belief that grammar teaching would help to develop the students’ linguistic skills such as listening, speaking, reading and writing. They were also in favour of teaching grammar deductively. The reasons they gave for this pedagogical preference were the students’limited proficiency. Basically, their classroom practices reflected their favour of a deductive approach to grammar. iii LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com TABLE OF CONTENTS Declaration .iii Table of contents .iv List of abbreviation…………………………………………………………….vi List of tables . vii PART A: INTRODUCTION . Aims and objectives of the study. Scope of the study. Methods of they study . Significance of the study…. Design of the study……………………………………………………….5 CHAPTER I: LITERATURE REVIEW . Definition of terminology . Approaches to grammar teaching . The deductive approach . The inductive approach . The need of understanding teachers’ perceptions………………………. Previous studies of teachers’ perception of grammar teaching……………11 CHAPTER II: METHODOLOGY . The fitness of the case study to the research purpose . Restatement of research questions . Case description and context of the study . 14 iv LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail. The setting of the study . Methods of data analysis . 20 CHAPTER 3: FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION . Findings from the interviews . Teachers’ perceptions of grammar teaching. Teachers’ perceptions of their own ways of grammar teaching . Teachers’ perceptions of giving grammatical rules. Teachers’ perceptions of integrating grammar into skills lessons….5 Teachers’ perceptions of the effectiveness of their own grammar teaching approaches………………………………………………………….6 Teachers’ perceptions of the inductive approach……………………27 3. Findings from class observations . Discussion of the findings……………. Summary of the study . Suggestions for further study………………………….II v LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS EFL: English as Foreign Language PPP: Presentation- Practice – Production HAUI: Hanoi University of Industry vi LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com LIST OF TABLES Table 1.Advantages and disadvantages of the deductive approach to teaching grammar Table 1.2: Advantages and disadvantages of the inductive approach to teaching grammar Table 1.3: Relationship of deductive and inductive approaches to Krashen’s theory vii LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com PART I: INTRODUCTION 1. Rationale Throughout the history of second language and foreign language, grammar and grammar teaching have always been at the center of any methodological discussion in teaching English. Many people have been doing research on the importance of the teaching and learning of grammar. It is the fact that most of them admit that the role of grammar and teaching grammar are crucial parts in language learning. As Brown (1994) stressed that the teaching of grammar besides vocabulary has always been a central aspect of foreign language teaching. With the rise of communicative methodology in the late 1970s, the role of grammar instruction was downplayed, and it was even suggested that teaching grammar was not only helpless but actually detrimental. However, recent research has demonstrated the need for formal instructions for learners to attain high levels of accuracy, which is one important component of language proficiency. This has led to a resurgence of grammar teaching, and its role in second or foreign language learning has become the focus of much current investigation. While consensus on the need of grammar teaching has been reached, how grammar should be taught remains debatable. In the broadest sense, there are two approaches to grammar teaching: deductive and inductive. As suggested in the literature, scholars and researchers are still divided in their opinions about the superiority of each approach. Meanwhile, in Vietnam, it is claimed that English language teaching and learning are grammar-centered. Despite such a claim, very little research has been done regarding teachers’ perceptions and actual practices regarding grammar, especially at the universities where English is a compulsory subject. Therefore, it is necessary to research this issue. However, this study focuses just on university teachers’ perceptions and practices regarding the inductive approach to grammar teaching. The reason I chose the inductive as the focus for this 1 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com study is that this approach seems to be more aligned with the communicative task- based approach, which has been promoted in Vietnam. It is also the case of the goal of the teaching and learning English at HAUI. Aims and objectives of the study The main purpose of the study is to investigate teachers’ perceptions of teaching grammar and the ways they teach grammar. It also finds out the differences and similarities between their perceptions and practices in the approaches they use to teach English grammar at HAUI. With the above aims, the objectives of this study were as follows: a. To gain understanding about teachers’ perceptions of grammar teaching in general and the inductive approach to teaching grammar in particular. To examine whether their actual teaching is more inclined toward the inductive approach or the deductive approach so as to identity the convergence and divergence between their perceptions and their actual practices. Research questions This study is carried out to answer the following questions: 1. What perceptions do EFL teachers at HAUI held about the role of grammar in teaching and learning English? 2. What are their understandings of the inductive approach to teaching grammar? 3. How did they actually teach grammar in their classrooms: deductively or inductively? 4. To what extent are their perceptions and actual practices convergent? 4. Scope of the study The study is limited to the investigation of the perceptions held by the EFL teachers at the Faculty of English, Hanoi University of Industry and their classroom practices regarding grammar teaching with a focus on teaching grammar inductively. Therefore, there is no intention measure the effectiveness of teachers’ 2 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com approaches to grammar. Neither is the study indented to find out whether one approach to grammar teaching is better than the other. The study, therefore, is a survey in nature. Methods of the study As a survey, this study used qualitative methods. In order to identify teachers’ perceptions of the role of grammar in teaching and learning English, teachers’ perceptions of teaching English grammar inductively and the convergence between their perceptions and their actual practices, two research instruments were employed. These are interviews and class observations. Significance of the study The study highlights teachers’ perceptions of teaching English grammar at Ha Noi University of Industry. The findings of the study are believed to be useful for English teachers at HAUI and to be aware of the essential role of approaches to grammar in language teaching. Furthermore, the implications for grammar teaching and learning, which are based on the theoretical background and the current teaching at HAUI, hopefully can help the teachers upgrade approaches to grammar to make the grammar lessons more interesting and motivate students to learn English effectively. Design of the study This thesis is composed of three main parts: Part A- Introduction presents the rationale, aims and objectives, research questions, research methods, scopes, significance and design of the study. Part B- Development, which is the main part of the study, consists of three chapters:  Chapter 1 : Literature review, aims at presenting the theoretical background for the thesis  Chapter 2: The methodology, the methodology underlying the research is presented. This chapter provides the background information of the 3 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com subjects of the study, the instruments used to collect the data, and the procedure of data collection.  Chapter 3: Findings and discussions, presenting findings and discussions on the study and some suggestions techniques for grammar teaching at HAUI. Part C- Conclusion offers a summary of the study, limitations and suggestions for further study. 4 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com PART B: DEVELOPMENT CHAPTER I: LITERATURE REVIEW This chapter reviews the literature on various perspectives on grammar instruction. Definition of terminology 1.1 Teachers’ perceptions Perception is defined by Lindsay & Norman (1977) as “the process by which organisms interpret and organize sensation to produce a meaningful experience of the world”. Sensation usually refers to the immediate, relatively unprocessed result of stimulation of sensory receptors in the eyes, ears, tongue, or skin. Perception, on the other hand, better describes one’s ultimate experience of the world and typical involves further processing of sensory input. In practice, sensation and perception are virtually impossible to separate, because they are part of one continuous process. Thus, perception in humans describes the process whereby sensory stimulation translated into organized experience. In this thesis, teachers’ perception means the process of determining the meaning of what are sensed.

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