Nghiên cứu phản ứng của học sinh về kỹ thuật dạy phát âm tại trường Phạm Ngũ Lão, Hải Phòng

Nghiên cứu phản ứng của học sinh đối với kỹ thuật giảng dạy phát âm tại trường THPT Phạm Ngũ Lão, Hải Phòng. Luận văn thạc sĩ VNU ULIS.

2012

62
0
0

Phí lưu trữ

30 Point

Mục lục chi tiết

DECLARATION

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. CHAPTER 1: LITERATURE REVIEW

1.1. Definition of technique and reaction

1.2. Previous studies about teaching pronunciation

1.3. Techniques of teaching pronunciation

1.3.1. The use of known sounds

1.3.2. Explanation

1.3.3. Communication activities

1.3.4. Written versions of oral presentations

1.3.5. Modelling and individual correction

1.3.6. Tutorial sessions and self-study

1.3.7. Self-monitoring and self-correction

1.3.8. Computer-assisted language learning

1.3.9. Reading aloud

1.4. Elements of teaching pronunciation

1.4.1. Sound and Spelling Patterns

1.4.2. Sentence focus and Intonation

1.4.3. The role of teachers and students

1.4.4. Summary the chapter

2. CHAPTER 2: METHODOLOGY

2.1. Procedures of data collection

2.2. Data analysis

3. CHAPTER 3: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

3.1. Students’ problems in learning pronunciation

3.2. Pronunciation techniques used by teachers

3.3. Students’ appreciation of techniques used by teacher

3.4. Questions about students’ preference

3.5. Question about students’ motivation

3.6. Question about students’ expectation for a better and more effective pronunciation practice

3.7. Findings based on observation

3.8. The reasons behind the problems mentioned

3.9. Summary of the chapter

4. CHAPTER 4: PROPOSED SOLUTIONS

4.1. Suggestions from observation

4.2. Suggestions from questionnaires and interview

4.3. Motivating students to learn

4.4. Among teachers’ staff

4.5. Summary of the chapter

Limitations and suggestions for further study

LIST OF FIGURES

Trích đoạn nội dung tài liệu

VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST GRADUAGE STUDIES DƯƠNG THỊ KIM OANH A STYDY ON STUDENTS’ REACTION TO THE TECHNIQUES TEACHERS USE FOR TEACHING PRONUNCIATION AT PHAM NGU LAO HIGH SCHOOL, HAI PHONG NGHIÊN CỨU PHẢN ỨNG CỦA HỌC SINH ĐỐI VỚI CÁC THỦ THUẬT GIÁO VIÊN SỬ DỤNG ĐỂ DẠY PHÁT ÂM TẠI TRƯỜNG PHẠM NGŨ LÃO, HẢI PHÒNG M.A MINOR THESIS FIELD: ENGLISH TEACHING METHODOLOGY CODE: 601410 Hanoi -2012 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST GRADUAGE STUDIES DƯƠNG THỊ KIM OANH A STYDY ON STUDENTS’ REACTION TO THE TECHNIQUES TEACHERS USE FOR TEACHING PRONUNCIATION AT PHAM NGU LAO HIGH SCHOOL, HAI PHONG NGHIÊN CỨU PHẢN ỨNG CỦA HỌC SINH ĐỐI VỚI CÁC THỦ THUẬT GIÁO VIÊN SỬ DỤNG ĐỂ DẠY PHÁT ÂM TẠI TRƯỜNG PHẠM NGŨ LÃO, HẢI PHÒNG M.A MINOR THESIS FIELD: ENGLISH TEACHING METHODOLOGY CODE: 601410 SUPERVISOR: NGUYỄN QUỲNH TRANG, Ph D Candidate Hanoi -2012 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION . iii TABLE OF CONTENTS . iv LIST OF FIGURES . Aims of the study . Methods of the study . Subjects of study. Data collection instruments. Data collecting procedure . Scope of the study . Significance of the study . Design of the study . 5 CHAPTER 1: LITERATURE REVIEW .1 Definition of technique and reaction .2 Previous studies about teaching pronunciation .3 Techniques of teaching pronunciation .1 The use of known sounds: .4 Written versions of oral presentations: .5 Modelling and individual correction:.6 Tutorial sessions and self-study: .7 Self-monitoring and self-correction: .8 Computer-assisted language learning: .4 Elements of teaching pronunciation.1 Sound and Spelling Patterns .4 Sentence focus and Intonation .5 The role of teachers and students .6 Summary the chapter . 14 iv LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.4 Procedures of data collection . 16 CHAPTER 3: RESUILTS AND DISCUSSION .1 Students’ problems in learning pronunciation .2 Pronunciation techniques used by teachers .3 Students’ appreciation of techniques used by teacher.4 Questions about students’ preference .5 Question about students’ motivation.6 question about students’ expectation for a better and more effective pronunciation practice .1 Findings based on observation .2 The reasons behind the problems mentioned .4 Summary of the chapter . 31 CHAPTER 4: PROPOSED SOLUTIONS .1 Suggestions from observation .2 Suggestions from questionnaires and interview .3 Motivating students to learn.4 Among teachers’ staff .5 Summary of the chapter . Limitations and suggestions for further study . IX v LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Students’ opinion about the purposes of pronunciation learning . 18 Figure 2: students’ problems in learning pronunciation . 19 Figure 3: techniques used by teachers . 20 Figure 4: Students’ attitude to techniques teachers use . 21 Figure 5: students’ evaluation on effectiveness of techniques . 22 Figure 6: Students’ like . 23 Figure 7: students’ dislike . 24 Figure 8: techniques motivating students to practice pronunciation . 25 Figure 9: Suggestions for better English pronunciation practice . 26 vi LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail. Rationale English has become a language of global communication due to its role in different fields of our life such as : science, technology, aviation and so on. In Vietnamese, English has experienced its popularity in teaching and learning over the last few decades. However, English pronunciation teaching seems to be very much neglected by many teachers, especially at high school because of many different reasons. At my school, Pham Ngu Lao high school in Thuy Nguyen district, Hai Phong city, teaching and learning English pronunciation is really new challenging work. Besides the lack of well-equipped facilities, teaching pronunciation techniques are quite new and unfamiliar to teachers. They have been inexperienced in teaching pronunciation methods and techniques since the new English textbook was in use. Another thing is that students‟ low levels of proficiency in term of vocabulary, grammar. Above all, all important English exams at school as well as the university entrance exam are always in written form. Thus, most teachers and students have little motivation to teach and to learn pronunciation. In my point of view, there is much to work out current and potential problems, and then create better suitable teaching techniques and strategies that facilitate the effectiveness of pronunciation lessons. From this fact, the author of this study, the teacher at Pham Ngu Lao high school, has desire of doing something new to promote English pronunciation teaching and learning at this school. And up to now, there has not been any study on students‟ reaction to techniques used in teaching pronunciation yet. Therefore, the study aims at finding out “students’ reactions to the 1 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com techniques teachers use for teaching pronunciation at Pham Ngu Lao high school, Hai Phong” 2. Aims of the study The study aims at: Firstly, to find out problems students face when learning English pronunciation Secondly, to find out what techniques are used at Pham Ngu Lao high school, Thuy Nguyen, Hai Phong and what is the most suitable to students. Thirdly, to find out students‟ reactions to those techniques and give solution to those reactions 3. Research questions (1) What problems do students face when learning English pronunciation? (2) What pronunciation techniques are commonly used by teachers? (3) What are students‟ reactions to those teaching pronunciation techniques used by teachers? (4) What are suggested implementations in teaching pronunciation at Pham Ngu Lao high school. Methods of the study 4. Subjects of study The participants of the study include: 5 out of 9 teachers were randomly chosen at Pham Ngu Lao high school. All of them teach 12th grade. Besides, in order to get more information for the answers to research questions, 200 students among 400 in 12th grade are surveyed. Data collection instruments The research is done by both quantitative and qualitative methods; it is carried out on the basis of situation analysis, material collection, survey 2 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com questionnaires, and class observation and recording. These instruments bring about the data for analysis, and evaluation. Data collecting procedure The first step is analyzing and synthesizing data The second one is discussing the results obtained from questionnaires and observation, recording and interview 4.4 Data analysis Qualitative Quantitative Data + = analysis analysis analysis 5. Scope of the study There are many aspects of teaching pronunciation at high schools, however this study focuses on students‟ reactions to techniques teachers used for teaching pronunciation. The students are 12th grade at Pham Ngu Lao high school in Hai Phong. The study conducts an insightful analysis of the students‟ reactions, looks deeply into the problems and finds suitable solutions as suggested by teachers. Significance of the study Pronunciation is an integrated and integral part of foreign language learning as it directly affects learners' communicative competence and performance to a substantial extent. Despite its importance, for many years, teaching pronunciation has a very small place at schools in Vietnam in general and Pham Ngu Lao high school in particular. Thus, at this school teaching English pronunciation is really new and challenging work. How to teach pronunciation effectively and how to get positive reactions from students are big questions. Moreover, there has not been any study on teaching pronunciation at this school yet. With the purpose on this study in 3 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com mind, the thesis tries to report some major problems teachers and students face in teaching and learning pronunciation, the teaching pronunciation techniques teachers use and students‟ reaction so that some solutions to improving English pronunciation teaching are provided. Design of the study This thesis is composed of three parts. Part 1, INTRODUCTION, presents the rationale, aims, scope, methods and design of the study. Part 2, DEVELOPMENT, is divided into four chapters. Chapter 1: Literature Review, presents relevant concepts to pronunciation and pronunciation teaching techniques Chapter 2: Methodology, involves the information about context, participants and instruments of the study. Chapter 3: Results and discussion, focuses on data analysis to show students‟ reaction to pronunciation teaching techniques and the effectiveness of different techniques. Chapter 4: Proposed solutions, gives out some solutions to fact and problems mentioned Part 3, CONCLUSION, summarizes some major findings, provide implications for English pronunciation teaching, limitation of the study and suggestions for further research. 4 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com DEVELOPMENT CHAPTER 1: LITERATURE REVIEW 1.1 Definition of technique and reaction According to Longman Dictionary of Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics, language teaching is sometimes discussed in terms of three related aspects: approach, method, and technique. Different theories about the nature of language and how languages are learned (the approach) imply different ways of teaching language (the method), and different methods make use of different kinds of classroom activity (the technique). Thus, it is understood that technique is the method, procedure or way something is done or the way in which a process is, or should be, carried out. Reaction is defined as something done, felt, or thought in response to a situation or event in Oxford dictionaries. And in US English dictionary it is an action performed or a feeling experienced in response to a situation or event. Therefore, according to Oxford advanced learner‟s dictionary, reaction is commonly known as what you do, say, or think as a result of something that has happened. It is also a change in people‟s attitudes or behavior caused by disapproval of the attitudes, etc. of the past.2 Previous studies about teaching pronunciation Pronunciation has been regarded as „the Cinderella of language teaching‟ (Kelly, 1969; Dalton, 1997). The role of pronunciation in the different schools of language teaching has varied widely from having virtually no role in the grammar-translation method to being the main focus in the audio-lingual method where emphasis is on the traditional notions of pronunciation, minimal pairs, drills and short conversation. (Castillo, 1990) During the late 1960s and the 1970s questions were asked about the role of pronunciation in the ESL/EFL curriculum, whether the focus of the programs and the 5 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com instructional methods were effective or not. Pronunciation programs until then were „viewed as meaningless non-communicative drill-and-exercise gambits‟ (Morley, 1991). Pronunciation is not an optional extra for the language learner, any more than grammar, vocabulary or any other aspect of language is. If a learner's general aim is to talk intelligibly to others in another language, a reasonable pronunciation is important. Varonis and Gass (1982) examine the factors affecting listening comprehension in native speakers of English exposed to L2 accents, and conclude that grammar and pronunciation interact to influence intelligibility. s more distinct when the connection between pronunciation and listening comprehension is taken into account. Wong (1993) also demonstrates that a lack of knowledge of pronunciation could even affect learners' reading and spelling. According to Baker (1992), pronunciation is very important and learners should pay close attention to pronunciation as early as possible. Otherwise, the result will be that advanced learners find that they can improve all aspects of their proficiency in English except their pronunciation, and mistakes which have been repeated for years are impossible to eradicate. Scarcella and Oxford (1994) similarly postulate that pronunciation should be taught in all second or foreign language classes through a variety of activities. With the emphasis on meaningful communication and Morley's (1991: 488) premise, that 'intelligible pronunciation is an essential component of communication competence', teachers should include pronunciation in their courses and expect their learners to do well in them. Gilbert (1995: 1) believes that the skills of listening comprehension and pronunciation are interdependent, and contends 'if they (learners) cannot hear well, they are cut off from language. If they (learners) cannot be understood 6 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com easily, they are cut off from conversation with native speakers.

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