Luận văn: Phân tích diễn ngôn báo chí VN-TQ về Biển Đông - Nguyễn Đặng Mai Linh

Luận văn thạc sĩ nghiên cứu vnu ulis a critical discourse analysis of chinese and vietnamese online media coverage of the east, đánh giá hiện trạng, phân tích vấn đề, đề xuất biện

Chuyên ngành

English Linguistics

Người đăng

Ẩn danh

Thể loại

Thesis

2017

99
2
0

Phí lưu trữ

35 Point

Mục lục chi tiết

DECLARATION OF AUTHORSHIP

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

ABSTRACT

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

LIST OF FIGURES

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. PART A: INTRODUCTION

1.1. Rationale of the research

1.2. Scope of the research

1.3. Aim and objectives of the research

1.4. Significance of the research

1.5. Research methodology

1.6. Design of the research

2. PART B: DEVELOPMENT

2.1. CHAPTER 1: LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1.1. An overview of CDA

2.1.2. The definitions of CDA

2.1.3. Principles of CDA

2.1.4. Van Dijk’s socio-cognitive approach

2.1.5. Overview of related studies

2.2. CHAPTER 2: METHODOLOGY AND ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES

2.2.1. The background to the event

2.2.2. Data analysis procedure

2.3. CHAPTER 3: A CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF ONLINE NEWS ABOUT THE EAST SEA DISPUTE

2.3.1. A summary of the findings

2.3.2. Limitation and recommendation for further studies

APPENDIX 1: THE 10-QUESTIONS MODEL OF THE DESCRIPTION STAGE (FAIRCLOUGH, 2001:92-93)

APPENDIX 2: CHINESE NEWS REPORTS

APPENDIX 3: VIETNAMESE NEWS REPORTS

APPENDIX 4: EXTRACTED TRANSITIVITY ANALYSIS OF CHINESE ONLINE NEWS REPORTS

APPENDIX 5: EXTRACTED TRANSITIVITY ANALYSIS OF VIETNAMESE ONLINE NEWS REPORTS

Trích đoạn nội dung tài liệu

VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST- GRADUATE STUDIES NGUYỄN ĐẶNG MAI LINH A CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF CHINESE AND VIETNAMESE ONLINE MEDIA COVERAGE OF THE EAST SEA DISPUTE Phân tích diễn ngôn phê phán trên các bài báo điện tử của Việt Nam và Trung Quốc đưa tin về tranh chấp trên biển Đông M. MINOR PROGRAM THESIS Field: English Linguistics Code: 60220201 HANOI, 2017 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST- GRADUATE STUDIES NGUYỄN ĐẶNG MAI LINH A CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF CHINESE AND VIETNAMESE ONLINE MEDIA COVERAGE OF THE EAST SEA DISPUTE Phân tích diễn ngôn phê phán trên các bài báo điện tử của Việt Nam và Trung Quốc đưa tin về tranh chấp trên biển Đông M. MINOR PROGRAM THESIS Field: English Linguistics Code: 60220201 Supervisor: Prof. Hoàng Văn Vân HANOI, 2017 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com DECLARATION OF AUTHORSHIP I hereby declare that the thesis entitled “A CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF CHINESE AND VIETNAMESE ONLINE MEDIA COVERAGE OF THE EAST SEA DISPUTE” is the result of my own study. It was conducted with scientific guidance of Prof. The data and conclusions of the study presented in the thesis have never been published in any form. Post-graduate student Nguyễn Đặng Mai Linh i LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This thesis would not be fulfilled without the help of many people, and I would like to show my heartfelt thanks to everyone who has taught me, inspired me, challenged me, and supported me throughout the realization of this thesis. I would like to express my deep gratitude towards my supervisor, Prof. Hoàng Văn Vân, for his constant and invaluable assistance without which my study would be far from finished. I would like to take this opportunity to express my gratitude to all my lecturers and staffs at the Faculty of Post-graduate Studies, the University of Languages and International Studies, Vietnam National University of Hanoi whose support and consideration have enabled me to pursue the course. Last but not least, my sincere thanks go to my beloved family and my close friends for their love, encouragement, and support while I was conducting this research. Hanoi, April 2017 Nguyễn Đặng Mai Linh ii LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com ABSTRACT This study is a critical discourse analysis of Chinese and Vietnamese online media coverage of the East Sea dispute from May 1, 2014 to July 16, 2014. A critical discourse analysis was made to delineate the contrasting representations of China and Vietnam. With the purpose of discerning the underlying ideologies of the reporters, Fairclough‟s CDA framework and Halliday‟s systemic-functional theory were used to analyze the news reports. The study just focused on some linguistic features of the text. In terms of lexical choice, only overwording was analyzed. Then with respect to grammatical analysis, transitivity was scrutinized. The researcher made an attempt to illustrate the relationship between language, ideology and political stance. The findings showed that the underlying ideologies hidden in the news discourse revolved around “us” and “them” side. The online media coverage of both China and Vietnam intended to present the positive self- representation while disparaging the other-representation. In other words, their own country was depicted in favorable light as a rational, peace-loving, law-abiding country. Meanwhile, the opponent was portrayed as an aggressor who acted brashly, illegally in the law-based community. iii LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS Abbreviation Meaning A Actor Att Attribute C China Car Carrier E Existent G Goal Id Identified In Initiator Ir Identifier O Other parties P Phenomenon Pb Behavioral process Pm Material process Pmen Mental process Pr Relational process Pv Verbal process Px Existential process S Sayer Sen Senser T Target V Vietnam Ver Verbiage iv LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Interpretation stage . 10 Figure 2: Explanation stage . 11 Figure 3: The distribution of processes in Vietnamese news and Chinese news. 19 Figure 4: The distribution of Actors in the material processes . 21 Figure 5: The distribution of Goals in the material processes . 23 Figure 6: The distribution of Sayers in the verbal processes . 25 Figure 7: The distribution of the relational processes . 28 v LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com LIST OF TABLES Table 1:The main themes in Vietnamese online news coverage .33 Table 2:The main themes in Chinese online news coverage .33 Table 3: The frequency of inter-related words to sovereignty in Vietnamese online news coverage .35 Table 4: The frequency of inter-related words to sovereignty in Chinese online news coverage .35 Table 5: The frequency of inter-related words to China‟s legal operation in Chinese online news coverage.37 Table 6: The frequency of inter-related words to Vietnam‟s disruptive activities in Chinese online news coverage .38 Table 7: The frequency of inter-related words to China‟s illegal operation and disruptive activities in Vietnamese online news coverage.39 Table 8: The frequency of inter-related words to Vietnam‟s legal operation and defense in Vietnamese online news coverage .40 Table 9: The frequency of inter-related words expressing viewpoints on Vietnam‟s activities in Chinese online news coverage .40 Table 10: The frequency of inter-related words expressing viewpoints on China‟s activities in Vietnamese online news coverage.41 Table 11: The frequency of inter-related words to China‟s peaceful measures and strategies in Chinese online news coverage .42 Table 12: The frequency of inter-related words to Vietnam‟s peaceful measures and strategies in Vietnamese online news coverage .42 Table 13: The frequency of inter-related words to international law and act in Chinese online news coverage .43 Table 14: The frequency of inter-related words to international law and act in Vietnamese online news coverage .44 vi LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION OF AUTHORSHIP . iii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS . iv LIST OF FIGURES.v LIST OF TABLES . vi TABLE OF CONTENTS . vii PART A: INTRODUCTION . Rationale of the research . Scope of the research . Aim and objectives of the research . Significance of the research . Design of the research .5 CHAPTER 1: LITERATURE REVIEW . An overview of CDA . The definitions of CDA . Principles of CDA . Fairclough‟s three-dimension framework of CDA. Halliday‟s systemic functional approach and CDA . Overview of related studies .14 vii LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com CHAPTER 2: METHODOLOGY AND ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES . The background to the event . Data analysis procedure .19 CHAPTER 3: A CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF ONLINE NEWS ABOUT THE EAST SEA DISPUTE . A summary of the findings . Limitation and recommendation for further studies . I APPENDIX 1: THE 10-QUESTIONS MODEL OF THE DESCRIPTION STAGE (FAIRCLOUGH, 2001:92-93) . I APPENDIX 2: CHINESE NEWS REPORTS . II APPENDIX 3: VIETNAMESE NEWS REPORTS . IX APPENDIX 4: EXTRACTED TRANSITIVITY ANALYSIS OF CHINESE ONLINE NEWS REPORTS . XVII APPENDIX 5: EXTRACTED TRANSITIVITY ANALYSIS OF VIETNAMESE ONLINE NEWS REPORTS . XXVIII viii LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com PART A: INTRODUCTION 1. Rationale of the research In modern times, with the rapid development of technology, the mass media, especially online news are playing an increasingly important role in information providing. Considered as one of the primary sources of information, news discourse is generally believed to be objective, impartial, unambiguous and faithful in reporting events. However, there are at times different versions of the same event are presented in a wide array of news sources, leaving room for doubt about the value-free and unbiased information journalists provide for news readers. Is there existing manipulative power towards media? Does news show slanted views towards the events? The answers can be found in the light of critical discourse analysis in which according to Fowler (1991), language of the press is never neutral, and news reports are laden with values and ideologies. That is the power of media when it can influence people‟s cognition and form people‟s attitudes and ideologies. It is presented clearly when there are at times of political tension and conflict. The language use is manipulated by political orientation. Media then are exploited drastically by each side to correct their image, persuade people, and gain their support against their opponents (Nhung, 2012). Accordingly, in order to understand the true nature of news reports, namely the social and power relationship, the hidden ideologies, and the way they present people and issues, it is necessary to employ CDA. The relationship between Vietnam and China is considered one of the most complicated, tense and conflict-prone, in spite of the geographical link as well as the relational intimacy. Efforts have been continuously exerted to maintain cooperative environment between the two antagonist “friends”; the connectedness, however, at times has been interrupted by political tension towards the overlapping claims of sovereignty in the sea. The seemingly intractable nature of dispute over 1 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com the sovereignty in the South China Sea (or the East Sea as it is called in Vietnam – the name the author used later in the study) in recent years has attracted considerable attention among politicians, journalists and scholars. For over one year, the tension has been covered on the media. As a Vietnamese, this issue has aroused my concerns. Moreover, few attempts have so far been made in analyzing language use in online news coverage related to this topic of two directly involved countries. Therefore, I attempted to conduct a study involving the East Sea dispute on Chinese and Vietnamese online media coverage in English language under the light of critical discourse analysis to explore how ideologies of the media institutions construct their representation of reality to their readers. Scope of the research In this study, I would give spotlight on the online news reports on the East Sea dispute from May 1, 2014 to July 16, 2014. I am well aware that the wider the range of data achieved, the more reliable the study result will be. Nevertheless, due to the constraint of time and the limited length of a minor thesis, in this study, not all Chinese and Vietnamese news reports were probed, but just twelve from the Global Times, Xinhua Agency News of China and the Vietnamplus, Vietnamnet of Vietnam. As this is a pure linguistic study, the author is not, by any means or in any way, expressing her own political point of view. The study, therefore, does not support any political parties or aim at changing anyone‟s political stance. It is for academic purpose only. Aim and objectives of the research The study primarily aims to analyze Chinese and Vietnamese online media coverage of the East Sea dispute under the light of critical discourse analysis. To achieve this aim, the following objectives are set:  to investigate the manner in which the conflict and main participants are approached and represented in the media discourse. 2 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com  to explore the journalists‟ underlying ideologies via analyzing the grammatical and lexical features of the news reports, from which revealing a close relationship between ideologies and media language for political purposes. In order to realize these objectives, the study is intended to answer the following questions:  What are the underlying ideologies of each side with respect to the issue of the dispute?  How are such ideologies encoded in the discourse of the news agencies? These questions are based on several assumptions. First, the news reports are influenced by certain values of the producers, including both the journalists and the media institutions. Second, all news agencies can reflect different viewpoints on the disputed issue as well as the parties involved. Third, and as a result, their ideologies can be different. Significance of the research This study is expected to provide theoretical and practical benefits.

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