VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE FACULTY OF BIOTECHNOLOGY GRADUATION THESIS MICROPROPAGATION OF PHILODENDRON FLORIDA Student : VU HAI CHUNG Supervivor : Dr. Dang Thi Thanh Tam ID : 614044 Class : K61CNSHE Hanoi - 2021 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS During the process of studying, researching and completing the thesis, I have received the help of many individuals First of all, I wish to express my sincere gratitude to Dr. Dang Thi Thanh Tam for her guidance throughout the course of this study I would like to thank the teachers in the Department of Plants - Faculty of Biotechnology for creating the best conditions to me to implement the topic. I would like to thank for the help of all my friend during the study period.
Hanoi ……………… Student Vu Hai Chung i COMMITMENT This thesis is composed of my original works, and contains no material previously published or written by another person. I also declare that all the help to complete this thesis has been thanks. Hanoi ……………… Student Vu Hai Chung ii CONTENS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. iii LIST OF TABLE.
vi LIST OF FIGURE .IX Part I: Introduction .4 The meaning of the thesis thoughts in learning and scientific research. 2 Part II: Literature Review .1 Introduction to the Philodendron Florida .2 The economic value of the above flower production industry the world and in Vietnam. World production of flowers and ornamental plants .Application in vitro tissue culture technology to multiplication of ornamental plants .1 Brief History of Plant Tissue Culture: .2 Factors affect to micropropagation. Overview of the Araceae family tissue culture in the world and in Vietnam10 2.1 In the world.
MATERIALS AND METHODS. Location and time of study. Content and research method .1 Studying the effect of substances on shoot induction of the Philodendron Florida. 13 Culture medium: MS + 30 g/l sucrose+ 6.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONs. Study on the effect of substances on shoot induction of the Philodendron Florida .1 Effect of BA concentration on micropropagation of the in vitro- Philodendron Florida shoots. Studying the effect of Kinetin concentration on shoot multiplication. 19 of the in vitro Philodendron Florida shoots .3 Effect of yam bean extract on shoot multiplication of the in vitro- Philodendron Florida shoots .2 Studying the effect of substances on the Philodendron Florida rootingError! Bookmark no 4.
Effect of culture medium on the root induction of in vitro Philodendron Florida shoots. Effect of IBA on the root induction of in vitro Philodendron Florida shoots. Effect of combination 0.1 mg/l α-NAA + IAA on the rooting of in vitro Philodendron Florida shoots …………………………………………………27 Part 5. 31 v LIST OF TABLE Experiment 1.
Effect of BA concentration on micropropagation of the in vitro‐ Philodendron Florida shoots. Effect of Kinetin concentration on shoot multiplication of the in vitro‐ Philodendron Florida shoots. Effect of yam bean extract on shoot multiplication of the in vitro‐ Philodendron Florida shoots. Effect of culture medium on the root induction of in vitro Philodendron Florida shoots.
Effect of IBA on the root induction of in vitro Philodendron Florida shoots. Effect of combination 0.1 mg/l α‐NAA + IAA on the rooting of in vitro Philodendron Florida shoots. Effect of BA concentration on shoot multiplication of the in vitro. 18 Philodendron Florida shoots.
Effect of Kinetin concentration on shoot multiplication of the in vitro Philodendron Florida shoots. Effect of yam bean extract on shoot multiplication of the in vitro‐ Philodendron Florida shoots. Effect of culture medium on the root induction of in vitro Philodendron Florida shoots. Effect of IBA on the rooting of shoots of Philodendron Florida.
Effect of BA concentration on shoot multiplication of the in vitro. 31 Philodendron Florida shoots. 31 vi LIST OF FIGURE Figure 4. In vitro shoots of Philodendron Florida plants after 4 weeks of culture on MS medium supplemented with different BA concentrations.
In vitro shoots of Philodendron Florida after 4 weeks of culture on MS medium supplemented with different kinetin concentrations. In vitro shoots of Philodendron Florida after 4 weeks of culture on MS medium supplemented with different yam bean extract concentration. In vitro shoots of Philodendron Florida plants after 4 weeks of culture on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations. In vitro shoots of Philodendron Florida after 4 weeks of culture on MS medium supplemented with different IBA concentrations.
In vitro shoots of Philodendron Florida plants after 4 weeks of culture on MS medium supplemented with different combination 0.1 mg/l α-NAA + IAA concentrations. 26 vii ABBREVIATIONS α-NAA : α-Naphthalene acetic acid MS : Murashige & Skoog Mg : Milligram Mg/1 : Milligram per liter g : Gram IAA : Acid indole-3-acetic IBA : Indole- 3- butyric acid C : Control T : Treatment viii SUMMARY Studies of micropropagation of Philodendron Florida. A rapid and efficient micropropagation method was established for Philodendron Florida. Shoots were cultured on MS medium containing benzyl adenine (BA), kinetin (K).
The results showed that MS medium supplemented with 1mg/l BA + 0.5 α- NAA was optimal for shoot multiplication. α-NAA had positive impact on root induction for in vitro shoots. After four weeks of culture, the results showed that MS medium supplemented with 1mg/l activated α- NAA + 0.3 IAA was optimal for root induction in terms of root number per shoot and average length of root. ix PART I: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Introduction Philodendron Florida is a tree of the family Araceae originating from tropical America south of Mexico to Panama, they often grow in dark places of the jungle.
The South American betel tree has an English name of Philodendron Florida. Its leaves have wing-shaped grooves and circular spots. Philodendron Florida is a very popular species in the market of bonsai. This plant is native to the Americas, so it is very suitable for planting in the South of our country.
It has an eye-catching green color, special foliage shape, rarely encounters pests and diseases, so it is very easy to care for. It can be propagated by taking cuttings of a mature plant or by air layering but requires a long time and the propagation coefficient is not high. Today, the application of plant cell culture has become popular. Tissue culture can produce high quality, disease-free crops with a large multiplier factor in a short time, which can meet the market demand.
Recognizing this problem, we conducted the topic: " Micropropagation of Philodendron Florida ". Purpose Studying the process of micropropagation of Philodendron Florida 1.3 Requirement Testing the effect of different BA and Kinetin concentration on shoot multiplication. Testing the effect of different IAA and IBA concentration on rooting step.4 The meaning of the thesis thoughts in learning and scientific research The research results of the topic provide optimal bud multiplication and rooting environment for later research. Learn how to conduct a scientific research, analyze data and present a report.
2 PART II: LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Introduction to the Philodendron Florida 2.1 Origination Philodendron Florida is an impressive evergreen hybrid plant from the Araceae family. It produces attractive foliage on long, red stems up to a metre in length. Leaves are lobed and green in colour. Flowers are not often seen in cultivation, they are coloured cream-purple and measure approximately 30cm long.
All parts of this plant can cause severe discomfort if consumed.2 Classification Scientific classificationedit Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Tracheophytes Classis: Monocots Ordo: Alismatales Family: Araceae Genus: Philodendron Species: 2.3 Botanical characteristics The Philodendron Florida variety is distinctive in leaf shape and color. The leaves emerge from red petioles as a single lobe, which is very pale, and then as they mature, they develop distinct lobes and turn from white to cream and then various shades of green until they settle as a solid, dark green when fully mature. The largest lobe is usually oval-shaped and furthest from the stem, with smaller lobes nearer the stem.4 Cultural Conditions: In the right conditions, a Philodendron Florida will grow happily with little maintenance. Philodendron Florida plants are a climbing variety and need 3 something to grow up if want an upright plant.
They can also trail from a hanging basket, but they are not a true trailing variety and tend to have fewer stems, with large leaves that grow further apart than a true trailing plant. - Space and location: As a loose growing plant, it needs elbow room to spread. On average, a mature Philodendron Florida will spread approximately 60 cm. Height varies depending on the height of the support it is given to grow up but it ranges from 60cm to 120cm or much taller.
They do not like to be crowded and need space around them for light and air circulation so they do best with smaller plants around them or alone in an open area. - Light: Philodendrons, in general, tolerate a wide range of light conditions well, which is why they’re so popular as house plants. Philodendron Florida is no different and will do well in relatively low/medium light areas as well as brightly lit areas. It will do best with plenty of indirect or filtered light.
Direct sunlight will scorch leaves and damage the plant. - Temperature and humidity: These plants like a warm and slightly humid environment. They do best in temperatures ranging between 10 and 35 Celsius. They do not tolerate very cold temperatures.
Philodendron Florida plants will do best in slightly higher humidity ranges (around 70 is perfect), but they will adapt to more or less humidity. - The right potting medium: The best potting medium for a Philodendron Florida Ghost is one that drains well and has a pH level of between 5 and 8. All-purpose potting mix amended with a little compost and some bark or peat moss will work well. The economic value of the above flower production industry the world and in Vietnam 2.
World production of flowers and ornamental plants 4 Today, the flower and ornamental plant industry is one of the most profitable industries in developed and developing countries. The production scale of this industry grows rapidly at a rate of 10% per year. In the world today, more than 50 countries have actively produced flowers and ornamental plants on an industrial scale. Global Floriculture Production Statistics: The Asia-Pacific region has more than two-thirds of the world’s acreage.
China with 40% and India with 15% have a majority in the world acreage of flowers and plants. Japan, Taiwan, and Thailand are other major flower-producing countries in this region. The European Union (EU) represents a 12% share of the world’s area of flowers. The area of flowers in Africa is small with a 1.
Kenya is the largest African grower. The European Union and Mexico are among the most important world producers (Salachna et al, 2017). Flower production in Vietnam According to Bao dien tu Dang Cong San Viet Nam (2016), statistics of the Department of Crop Production show that in 2014, the whole country had about 22,671.9 ha of flower growing area, of which there were 9,237.6 ha in the North, 13,434.3 ha in the South. The acreage of ornamental trees and mangrove trees in the North is nearly twice as high as in the Southern provinces (8,172.
The average income of flowers and ornamental plants nationwide in 2014 was 285 million VND / ha / year. Vietnam in general and the North in particular have many advantages to develop ornamental plants. The Northern Midlands and Mountains and the North Central region still have a lot of land to develop this field with the advantages of a cool high mountain climate all year round suitable for many species of flowers and high class flowers. Especially in Moc Chau - Son La, Dien Bien, Lai Chau, there 5 are conditions to form farms, enterprises producing industrial flowers for domestic consumption and export.