THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY NGUYEN THU THAO ASSESSING THE CURRENT STATUS OF GREEN PRODUCTS USAGE OF STUDENTS IN THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY AND UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA TERENGGANU BACHELOR THESIS Study Mode : Full-time Major : Environmental Science and Management Faculty : International Programs Office Batch : K45-AEP Thai Nguyen, 2017 i Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry Degree Program Bachelor of Environmental Science and Management Student Name Nguyen Thu Thao Student ID DTN 1355070176 Assessing the current status of green products usage of Thesis Title students in TUAF and UMT Supervisor (s) Assoc. Tran Van Dien & Dr Abdul Hafaz Ngah Abstract: The literature on green consumer behaviour recently focuses upon the Asian markets. Though environmental consciousness in Vietnam and Malaysia consumers is observed in the literature, their purchase behaviour towards green products is not yet clearly understood. The goal of this study is to identify the factors affecting on the intention to use green products in students and propose the solutions to develop using green product in students at at Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry and Universiti Malaysia Terengganu.
Design/methodology/approach – The research employs a survey-based method to test a theoretically grounded set of hypotheses. Using a questionnaire and SPSS software to analysis data from 360 students at Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry and Universiti Malaysia Terengganu. A quantitative study was conducted by in-depth interviews of 360 the questionnaire and main survey. Therefore, gender, ethnicity, nationality, age are factors that effect on using green products on students.
So, raising the way consume green products in students are one of the way to protect environment. Number of pages 66 pages Date of submission February, 2018 Supervisor’s signature 2 ACKNOWLEDGMENT First and foremost, the completion of this thesis would not have been possible without the help of many people. I would like to send my deep thanks to Assoc. Tran Van Dien who provided comments and suggestions for the thesis to be completed and gave direct guidance during the research process and completion.
At this very moment of accomplishment, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor Dr Abdul Hafaz Ngah, lecturer in University Malaysia Terengganu who suggested the topic and support me during the internship time. I also thank students in Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry and students in Universiti Malaysia Terengganu. Without their enthusiasm and effort, I could not finish my thesis. Author Nguyen Thu Thao 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENT.
3 TABLE OF CONTENTS. 4 LIST OF TABLES. 7 LIST OF FIGURES. 12 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEWS.
Definition of green product. Definition of environmental awareness. Overview of thesis. The current status of green products usage.
The current status of green products usage all over the world. The current status of green products usage in Viet Nam. The current status of green products usage in Malaysia. The factors affect the intention to use green products in some countries on the world.
The factors affect green product usage in Malaysia and Vietnam. Explanation of hypotheses. Objects and areas of study. Methodology of research.
The model of study. 32 CHAPTER 4: RESULTS AND DISSCUSSIONS. The current status of green products usage of students. Demographic information of students in TUAF and UMT.
Descriptive statistic independent variable in TUAF and UMT. Descriptive statistic dependent variable in TUAF. Cronbach’s Alpha independent variables in TUAF and UMT. Factor Analysis EFA in TUAF and UMT.
Correlation among independent variable and dependent variables in TUAF and UMT. Regression analysis in TUAF and UMT. 46 CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMENDATIONS. Suggestions and recommendations.
58 5 LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Descriptive About Samples in TUAF .28 Table 2: Descriptive About Samples in UMT .29 Table 3: Descriptive Statistics independent variables in TUAF .31 Table 4: Descriptive Statistics independent variables in UMT .32 Table 5: Descriptive Statistics dependent variables .33 Table 6: Descriptive Statistics dependent variables in UMT.34 Table 7: Reliability Statistics TUAF .36 Table 8: Reliability Statistics in UMT .37 Table 9: Rotated Component Matrixa .38 Table 10: Rotated Component Matrixa .39 Table 11: Correlations in TUAF .41 Table 12: Correlations in UMT .42 Table 13: Regression analysis in TUAF .45 Table 14: Regression analysis in UMT .45 Table 15: Independent Samples Test in TUAF .48 Table 16: Independent Samples Test in UMT .49 Table 17: Reliability Statistics in TUAF.58 Table 18: Reliability Statistics in UMT .60 Table 19: KMO and Bartlett's Test in TUAF .61 Table 20: KMO and Bartlett's Test in UMT .61 7 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Comparison chart among gender and awareness about GP of students in TUAF .35 Figure 2: Comparison chart among gender and awareness about GP of students in UMT .35 Figure 3: Comparison chart among gender and the current status GP usage of students in TUAF .21 Figure 4: Comparison chart among gender and the current status GP usage of students in UMT .21 Figure 5: Comparison chart among Ethnicity and awareness about GP of students in TUAF .22 Figure 6: Comparison chart among nationality and awareness about GP of students in UMT .22 Figure 7: Comparison chart among ethnicity and status GP usage of students in TUAF .23 Figure 8: Comparison chart among nationality and the current status GP usage of students in UMT .23 Figure 9: Environmental awareness based on age in TUAF.24 Figure 10: Environmental awareness based on age in UMT .24 Figure 11: The usage on green products based on age of students in TUAF .25 Figure 12: The usage green product based on age of students in UMT .25 8 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION Global warming and climate change are more increasing which has focused attention on the relationship between economic growth and environmental pollutants. Environment is the totality of all communal, financial, natural, biological or unnatural factors which form human environment. Nowadays, the progress of industrialization, urbanization and adoption of modern technologies in agriculture, industry, and other fields, problems in environment have become a concerning issue for human (Hussain, Altaf, & Scholars, 2015). The past decades witnessed a sharp economy through consumers’ consumption grow all around the world.
This is lead to environmental regress through over-consumption and employment of natural resources. The result of environmental ruin are global warming, greenhouse gas, air, sea and rivers pollution, acid rain and disasters. (Chen & Chai, 2010) The environmental pollution is the biggest problem in and Vietnam. Although almost inhabitants know how dangerous level of these things but they do not stop.
Air pollution, water pollution and land pollution are three main pollution that happen in Malaysia and Vietnam. All of this pollution will lead to all of diseases, sickness, bacteria and virus. For an example people can be lung cancer if they breath the polluted air that been discharged by Malaysian themselves (Har, Yaw, Ai, & Arif Hasan, 2011). Environmental Pollution in Malaysia which have a long history and is becoming serious since the last decade because of the development economy and rose industrialization activities.
Therefore, people have to suffer from the decrease of quality of life by using food and water contaminated with chemical, biological and 9 radioactive materials, either directly or indirectly (Kumar, Bhimrao, & Ghodeswar, 2009). Unlike other partners all over the world, Vietnamese consumers have limited and shallow awareness about environmental protection as well as low demands for environmentally friendly products. Meanwhile natural environment in Vietnam is alarming level now. Communist Magazine Tap Chi Cong San (2013) synthesized appraisals from different organizations on Vietnam’s current environmental state.
In this article, the author reported that the World Bank evaluates Vietnam to be ranked at 85th out of 163 countries with 59 score for The Environment Effectiveness Index. Besides, a research of World Economic Forum displayed that Vietnam is one of the ten countries having the lowest air quality that put human's health in danger. Problems statement The increase economy, industrial development, and urbanization process increasing population in Malaysia have led to two important happenings: an increase in the proportion of the middle class in the overall labour force and an overall increase in consumption. This cause many problems in urban life such as water crises and solid-waste are becoming more prominent.
Solid waste relates to waste from goods used from household, such as garbage, refuse, sludge and other discarded solid materials. In Malaysia, the concept of environmentally friendly is relatively new. The Malaysian government has invested to protect environment. However, inhabitants' knowledge on consumers’ attitude towards the green products are not high.
Moreover, the problems are whether or not 10 the Malaysian consumers aware green products, and how they recognize these products. In Vietnam, Definition of green product is also totally foreign to Vietnamese consumer, so it is become relative strange in many people. As green products (eco- products) are fairly new for Vietnamese people, there are a little bit formal studies about green products and green consumption in general (Hai & Mai, 2013). Communist Magazine (Tap Chi Cong San) (2013) synthesized appraisals from different organizations on Vietnam’s current environmental state.
In this article, the author reported that the World Bank evaluates Vietnam to be ranked at 85th out of 163 countries with 59 score for The Environment Effectiveness Index. Besides, a research of World Economic Forum displayed that Vietnam is one of the ten countries having the lowest air quality that put human's health in danger. There are lots of previous study have been conducted based on the green products from last few decades. However, small numbers researches about the purchasing habit of young consumers towards green product.
Students are now more conscious for the environment and environment friendly products. Environment conscious students want to know about the product before purchase, especially if the product is made from environment friendly ingredients or not. Environment conscious students are not limited to the developed countries only, they are also available in the developing countries and many students of those countries are conscious about environmental factors. 11 This important and interesting sector of marketing especially young consumers‘ green products purchase habit motivated me to work on this research topic (Bryman & Bell, 2007).
My topic is “Assessing the current status of green products usage of students in TUAF and UMT”. Objectives The specific objectives of the study is to enable us to encompass on the followings: 1. Identified the factors affecting on the intention to use green products on students in TUAF and UMT. Proposed the solutions to develop using green product in students in TUAF and UMT.
Does students have awareness on green products? Does they use green product? 2. Which factors that affect on consume green products? 3. What are the solutions to develop using green products in students? 12 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEWS 2. Definition of green product What is green products? By the late 1980s and 1990s, the notion of “green” products became somewhat trendier, and the practice of marketing products as such became more commonplace in niche markets.
But it wasn’t until the start of the 21st century when concerns over global warming and natural resource depletion began gaining momentum that “green” went mainstream and began influencing the practices of product manufacturers (Atlanta, 2010). Before we begin with how to identify a green product, we have to understand what the definition of a green product. The terms “green” or “sustainable” often refer to products, services or practices that allow for economic development while conserving for future generations. A green product as one that has less of an environmental impact or is less detrimental to human health than the traditional product equivalent.
While on the topic of defining a green product, you must realize that almost no product will ever be 100% “green,” since all product development will have some impact on the surrounding environment (Matthew, 2011).