THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL AND FORESTRY CAO HONG LE RESEARCH ON FERMENTED BEVERAGE DEVELOPMENT FROM THE RESIDUE OF (Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels) ROOT BACHELOR THESIS Study Mode : Full time Major : Food Technology Faculty : Advanced Education Program Office Batch : 2017 - 2021 Thai Nguyen, 2022 DOCUMENTATION PAGE WITH ABSTRACT Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry Degree Program: Bachelor of Food Science and Technology Student name: Cao Hong Le Student ID: DTN1754190005 Thesis Title: Research on fermented beverage by using the residue of (Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels) root Supervisor(s): MSc. Vi Dai Lam MSc. Dinh Thi Kim Hoa Supervisor's Signature: This study aimed to investigate the effects of some factors on the fermentation process of the residue of (Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels) root by using Saccharomyces bayanus. This product will meet the requirement of TCVN in Vietnam in addition this process will help to use by-products of the instant tea production process from (Angelica sinensis (Oliv.
In this research, Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels root was harvested in Lao Cai province after two years of cultivation. The root was extracted by 70% (v/v) ethanol and dried to obtain a residue, subsequently fermented with Saccharomyces bayanus. The fermentation process was researched and the most suitable parameters were determined. The result gives information that the material/distilled water ratio was 1/30, fermentation at pH=4, initial concentration of sugar was 23°Brix, the added yeast ratio was 3% (v/w) with the time for fermentation was 8 days, the alcohol content of final product was 9.5% (v/v) and the chemical, physical, sensory, and microbiological characteristics of final product satisfied the requirements of the Vietnam Standard for fermented beverages.
Keywords: Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels), fermented beverage Saccharomyces bayanus, temperature, pH, °Brix, alcohol content, (material/distilled water) ratio, fermentation parameters. Number of pages: 70 Date of submission June 1st, 2022 ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This experiment was carried out at the Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Technology, at Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry in the year 2021. First and foremost, I would like to thank my supervisor MSc.Dinh Thi Kim Hoa and MSc.Vi Dai Lam , for helping me to overcome the obstacles during the period under the thesis. They were always willing to assist me whenever I needed it and directed me in the right direction for finishing the project.
Secondly, I would like to thank Dr. Nguyen Tien Cuong, at Ha Noi University of Science and Technology as well as MSc. Luu Hong Son a member of the Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Technology, for providing me with a wealth of information and professional advice in my thesis. Thirdly, I would want to convey my heartfelt appreciation to my family and friends, those who have always been there for me, supporting me whenever I've run into a roadblock and assisting me in getting through the tough period of finishing this bachelor thesis.
Finally, this thesis cannot escape flaws due to a lack of knowledge and practice time. I'm looking forward to getting feedback from professors and friends on how to enhance my thesis. Best regards, Thai Nguyen, May, 2 ,2022 Sincerely CAO HONG LE iii TABLE OF CONTENT ACKNOWLEDGEMENT. iii TABLE OF CONTENT.
iv LIST OF FIGURES. 1 LIST OF TABLE. 2 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS. Overview about Angelica sinensis (Oliv.
Characteristics of Angelica sinensis (Oliv. Overview of the chemical compositions of Angelica sinensis (Oliv. Overview of biological effects (pharmacology) of Angelica sinensis (Oliv. Some kind of products in the current market.
Types of Fermentation Processes. Mechanism of alcoholic fermentation. Historical development of fermented beverage. Classification of fermented beverages.
Health benefits of fermented beverages. Low alcohol beverage. The method used in the low-alcohol production. Microbiology in fermented beverages.
Lactic acid bacteria. Some factors affect to fermented beverage. Influence of temperature. Influence of oxygen on fermentation.
Influence of pH. Influence of sugar contrentration. Influence of yeast ratio on fermentation medium. Influence of alcohol content.
Influence of light. Influence of organic acids. Influence of minerals. By-products of fermentation.
Formation of organic acids. MATERIALS, RESEARCH CONTENTS AND METHODOLOGY. Material and research scope. Work place and time to proceed.
Experimental design method. The biochemistry method. Data satistical analysis methods. RESULT AND DICUSSION.
Result for determining the component of raw materials. The result of studying some factors affecting on the quality of product. The result of effecting material/ distilled water ratio on the quality of product. The result of the effect of the pH on the quality of product.
The result of the research on initial sugar concentration affecting the quality of product. The result of research on yeast ratio affects to the quality of product. The result of research on fermentation time affects the quality of the product. Completing the process of producing fermented beverage from the residue of Agelica sinensis (Oliv.
Evaluation the quality of final product and prelimary cost estimatation final product. Evaluation the quality of final product. Prelimary cost estimation final product. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION.
Appendix ballot for product sensory assessment score. Appendix statistical analysis. 84 vi LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2. Angelica sinensis (Oliv.
(Dong Quai Root, 当归, Radix Angelica sinensis (Oliv. Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels, Dried Root Liquid Extract. The processing of produce fermented beverage from the residue of Angelica sinensis ( Oliv.) Diels root according to (Wyman, C. Reducing sugar and DNS color responses.
Processing was depicted by using the distillation method. Result for determining the component of raw materials. Process of making a fermented beverage from the residue of (Angelica sinensis (Oliv. 61 1 LIST OF TABLE Table 2.
Several microbes play a significant role in fermented beverage (Yamada & Sgarbieri, 2005). Experimental design to determine the effect of material/ distilled water ratio on the quality of product. Experimental design to determine the effect of pH on the quality of product. Experimental design to determine the initial sugar concentration affect on the quality of product.
Experimental design to determine the effect of yeast ratio on the fermentation process. Experimental design to determine the effect of fermentation time on the quality of product. Fermented beverage weight coefficient for sensory evaluation. Score of quality levels.
Affecting of material/ distilled water ratio on the quality of product 52 Table 4. Affecting of material/ distilled water ratio on the sensory quality of product. Affecting of pH on the quality of product. Affecting of pH on the sensory quality of product.
Affecting of initial sugar concentration on the quality of product. Affecting of initial sugar concentration on the sensory quality of product. Affecting of yeast ratio on the quality of product. Affecting of yeast ratio on the sensory quality of product.
Affecting of fermentation time on the quality of product. Affecting of fermentation time on the sensory quality of product. Result of the product's quality analysis. Estimation costs for 1 liter of fermented beverage from the residue of Angelica sinensis (Oliv.
63 2 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AS Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels DNS Dinitrosalicylic acid PGA Potato glucose agar SPW Saline pepton water LIG Ligustilide LAB Lactic acid bacteria CRP C-reactive protein CVDs cardiovascular diseases BLA Beverage low alcohol NAB Nonalcohol beverage RO Reverse osmosis PV Pervaporation VE Vaccuum evaporation VD Vacuum distillation DL Dilution rate CF1, CF2,CF3,CF4,CF5,CF6 Expermental Formula °Bx °Brix TCVN Vietnam standard 3 CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1. Research rationale Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels (Apiacease) (AS) is a crucial medicinal herb endemic to China. The root of AS which is known in Chinese as Danggui has been cultivated and used in China for more than 2000 years. Many years ago, there is a variety of research found out that the root of Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels include ferulic acid, Z-ligustilide, butylidenephthalide, and various polysaccharides.
These compounds are used for tonifying blood, treatment of anemia, rheumatism, and menstrual problems (Chao & Lin, 2011). After extracting, the majority of Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels) root has not been properly reused to create valuable products. A considerable amount of ginsenosides or polysaccharides still is kept in residue. Due to this reason the residue of Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels) root has a significant advantage to generate valuable products by reducing the lignin, cellulose and allows yeast to participate in the conversion of glucose into ethanol during fermentation according to (Wyman,1996).
In this day and age, the varieties of functional foods that are available include products such as dairy foods, confectionery, baked goods and cereals, meat products, fermented beverages, and spreads. Among them, fermented beverages have been proved to be the most active functional food category due to it processing several benefits such as the possibility to meet consumer demand, convenience, size, shape, and appearance, better storage options for refrigerated and self-stable products with ease of distribution. Fermented beverage form a key part of the food industry which are intended for human consumption. Indeed that in Vietnam as well as in the world, the trend of using fermented beverage from medicinal herbal is increasing.
As a result, some technical methods or procedure is expected to develop the new fermented beverage product from medicinal herbal and also simultaneously encourage the long-term development of fermented beverages. Low raw material and operation costs are one of the priorities in the food industry production. As a consequence, the current tendency is to use low-cost raw resources such as agricultural by-products. This has encouraged researchers to seek out new raw material sources and make use of copious waste resources in order to form a better product.
Based on the discussion 4 above, I have conducted the project " Research on fermented beverage development from the residue of Angelica sinensis (Oliv. Overall objectives The overall objective of this research is to enhance the utility of the Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels residue by developing fermented beverage products with a high sensory value that is compatible with the requirements of consumers and also aims to mitigate the by-products in the laboratory. Detail objectives - Evaluating the raw material component of Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels root - Using the residue of Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels root after being extracted with alcohol to create the fermented beverage product. - Investigating the potential factors that could influence to fermentation process by using the residue of Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels root after being extracted with alcohol.
- Completing the process of producing fermented beverages from the residue of Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels root and evaluating the quality of final product 1. Research question Is it possible for using Saccharomyces bayanus to produce fermented beverages from the residue of Angelica sinensis (Oliv. Limitation - The quality of yeast strains reduced due to the prolonged storage over the period under study. - The raw material was harvested during the off-season so it quality as good as expected.
5 CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW 2. Overview about Angelica sinensis (Oliv. Characteristics of Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels is an important medicinal herb endemic to China also known as Danggui in Chinese which is a perennial herb found in mainland China, Taiwan, Japan, and Korea. Other common names for AS include Chinese Angelica, dang gui (Chinese), toki (Japanese), tanggwi (Korean), and kinesisk kvan (Danish).
Angelica is a member of the Umbelliferae family that blooms in white umbrella-like clusters from June to July. Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels can be divided into three distinct parts, namely head, body, and tail, which are reported to have different therapeutic effects. The head is mainly used to stop bleeding, the body to nourish the blood and the tail to quicken the blood. A normal plant reaches a height of about six feet (two meters).
The medicinal benefits of the dried root are highly valued.