Lỗi của sinh viên dân tộc thiểu số trong việc sử dụng phân từ hiện tại và quá khứ làm tính từ

Luận văn thạc sĩ nghiên cứu vnu ulis an investigation into errors made by ethnic minority students in using present and past, đánh giá hiện trạng, phân tích vấn đề, đề xuất biện

Người đăng

Ẩn danh

Thể loại

M.A Minor Thesis

2011

55
0
0

Phí lưu trữ

30 Point

Mục lục chi tiết

Declaration

Acknowledgements

Abstract

List of abbreviation

List of tables

List of figures

PART A. INTRODUCTION

1.1. Scopes of the study

1.2. Aims of the study

1.3. Methods of the study

1.4. Design of the study

PART B. DEVELOPMENT

1. CHAPTER 1: LITERATURE REVIEW

1.1. An overview of English Participial Adjectives

1.1.1. The formation of the Participial adjectives

1.1.2. Definition of the participles

1.2. Syntactic functions of Participial Adjectives

1.3. Participle as an adjective or adverb element

1.4. Semantic Features of Participial Adjectives

1.4.1. Stative versus Dynamic

1.4.2. Gradable

1.5. Participial Adjectives in collocation with nouns

1.6. The meaning of Participial Adjectives in English and their Vietnamese equivalents

1.7. Definitions of error

1.8. Errors and Mistakes

1.9. Types of errors

1.10. Sources of errors

1.10.1. Interference of the mother tongue

1.10.2. Ignorance of rule restriction

1.10.3. Incomplete application of rules

1.10.4. False concepts hypothesized

1.11. Error Analysis in second language acquisition

2. CHAPTER 2: THE METHODOLOGY

2.1. The objectives of the study

2.2. Procedure of data collection

2.3. Data analysis and discussion

2.3.1. Statistical analysis of grammar exercises

2.3.2. Errors in the choice of -ing or -ed

2.3.3. Error identification of P

2.3.4. Errors in sentence transformation (Grammar Exercise 4)

2.3.5. Errors in Vietnamese-English translation (Grammar Exercise 5)

2.4. Results of the interviews

2.4.1. The most challenging type of exercise

2.4.2. Incorrect comprehension in the use of -ing and -ed

2.4.3. Causes of errors in using participial adjectives

3. CHAPTER 3: MAJOR FINDINGS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR TEACHING AND LEARNING ENGLISH LANGUAGE IN MOUNTAINOUS AREAS

3.1. Major findings and discussion

3.1.1. Common types of errors

3.1.2. Causes of errors in using -ing and -ed adjectives

3.1.2.1. Negative language transfer
3.1.2.2. Incomplete application of rules

3.1.3. Recommendations for teaching

3.1.4. Suggestions for further study

REFERENCES

APPENDIX A: SURVEY EXERCISES I

APPENDIX B: STUDENT INTERVIEW IV

APPENDIX C: SUGGESTED EXERCISES VI

APPENDIX D: KEY TO SUGGESTED EXERCISES VIII

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VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST-GRADUATE STUDIES ----- o0o ----- NGUYỄN THỊ HUẾ AN INVESTIGATION INTO ERRORS MADE BY ETHNIC MINORITY STUDENTS IN USING PRESENT AND PAST PARTICIPLES AS ADJECTIVES (Một số lỗi của học sinh dân tộc thiểu số khi sử dụng phân từ hiện tại và phân từ quá khứ làm tính từ) M.A Minor Thesis Field: English Teaching Methodology Code: 60.10 HA NOI, 2011 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST-GRADUATE STUDIES ----- o0o ----- NGUYỄN THỊ HUẾ AN INVESTIGATION INTO ERRORS MADE BY ETHNIC MINORITY STUDENTS IN USING PRESENT AND PAST PARTICIPLES AS ADJECTIVES ((Một số lỗi của học sinh dân tộc thiểu số khi sử dụng phân từ hiện tại và phân từ quá khứ làm tính từ) M.A Minor Thesis Field: English Teaching Methodology Code: 60.10 Supervisor: Nguyễn Thị Vượng, M.A HA NOI, 2011 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com iv LIST OF ABBREVIATION E.Adjs: English Participial Adjectives P.Adjs: Participial Adjectives -Ed adjs : Past participial adjectives -Ing adjs: Present participial adjectives LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com v LIST OF TABLES Table 1………………………………………………………………22 Table 2………………………………………………………………23 Table 3………………………………………………………………24 Table 4………………………………………………………………26 Table 5………………………………………………………………28 Table 6………………………………………………………………30 Table 7a…………………………………………………………….31 Table 8………………………………………………………………31 Table 9………………………………………………………………32 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com vi LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1…………………………………………………….29 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com vii TABLE OF CONTENTS Declaration i Acknowledgements ii Abstract iii List of abbreviation iv List of tables v List of figures vi Table of contents v PART A : INTRODUCTION 1 1. Scopes of the study 2 3. Aims of the study 2 4. Methods of the study 2 5. Design of the study 3 PART B: DEVELOPMENT 4 CHAPTER 1: LITERATURE REVIEW 4 1.1 An overview of English Participial Adjectives 4 1.1 The formation of the Participial adjectives 4 1.1 Definitions of the participles 4 1.2 Syntactic functions of Participial Adjectives 4 1.3 Participle as an adjective or adverb element 6 1.3 Semantic Features if Participial Adjectives 8 1.2 Gradable 10 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.4 Participial Adjectives in collocation with nouns 10 1.5 The meaning of Participial Adjectives in English and their 11 Vietnamese equivalents 1.1 Definitions of error 12 1.2 Errors and Mistakes 12 1.3 Types of errors 13 1.4 Sources of errors 15 1.1 Interference of the mother tongue 15 1.3 Ignorance of rule restriction 16 1.4 Incomplete application of rules 17 1.5 False concepts hypothesized 17 1.5 Error Analysis in second language acquisition. 17 CHAPTER 2: THE METHODOLOGY 20 2.1 The objectives of the study 20 2.3 Procedure of data collection 20 2.4 Data analysis and discussion 21 2.1 Statistical analysis of grammar exercises 21 2.2 Errors in the choice of -ing or -ed P.3 Error identification of P.4 Errors in sentence transformation (Grammar Exercise 4) 25 2.5 Errors in Vietnamese-English translation (Grammar Exercise 5) 27 2.2 Results of the interviews 29 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.1 The most challenging type of exercise 29 2.3 Incorrect comprehension in the use of -ing and -ed 31 2.4 Causes of errors in using participial adjectives. 32 CHAPTER 3: MAJORS FINDINGS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR 33 TEACHING AND LEARNING ENGLISH LANGUAGE IN MOUNTAINOUS AREAS 3.1 Major findings and discussion 33 3.1 Common types of errors 33 3.2 Causes of errors in using -ing and -ed adjectives 33 3.1 Negative language transfer 34 3.3 Incomplete application of rules: 34 3.2 Recommendations for teaching 35 3.4 Suggestions for further study 36 REFERENCES 37 APPENDIX A : SURVEY EXERCISES I APPENDIX B: STUDENT INTERVIEW IV APENDIX C: SUGGESTED EXERCISES VI APENDIX D: KEY TO SUGGESTED EXERCISES VIII LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com 1 PART A: INTRODUCTION 1. Rationale English has been playing an important role in the world‟s social life. In Vietnam, English is widely used by not only foreigners but also Vietnamese people as a language of work and business. There have been an increasing number of people desiring to know English with the hope of keeping up with the latest modern technology in the world. English has now been taught not only at all universities and colleges, but also at almost every senior high school and it is considered as a compulsory subject at secondary school. In the last decade, methods of teaching English as a foreign language in Vietnam have attracted much attention. However, a lot of controversial problems have still existed in teaching and learning English Vietnam, especially in secondary schools. The fact is that the curricula of teaching English in Vietnam base mainly on the textbooks and language teachers have not really changed their teaching methods, therefore; although the teachers focus more on grammar than communicative skills and students learn more knowledge of grammar than language skills, the secondary students tend to make more grammatical errors. There are such a lot of types of grammatical errors as errors of verb form, errors in the use of English articles, preposition, etc. Among those typical errors, students‟ confusion in using English Participial Adjectives is worth discussing. Why do the students find it difficult to acquire the uses and meaning of present and past participles as adjectives. A lot of reasons for this are assumed. In my opinion, one of the causes for this confusion is that the term “Participial Adjectives” does not exist in Vietnamese grammar. Another reason is that Participial Adjectives, with two subclasses of -ing and -ed Participial Adjectives and different meanings. The fact that the -ing participial adjectives convey active meaning while the -ed Participial ones convey passive meaning makes Vietnamese learners confused whenever dealing with them. LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com 2 I have chosen the topic of errors in using English participial Adjectives in the hope of supplying Vietnamese learners, especially secondary students with a general view on Participial adjectives. I also expect that the analysis of the actual errors and the causes of the errors may help our secondary students avoid mistakes when using the participial adjectives. Scope of the study The study focuses on basic syntactic and semantic features of English Participial Adjectives. In addition, our attention will be paid to the analysis of errors committed by Vietnamese learners in learning English as a foreign language in general and in acquiring English Participial Adjectives in particular. Within the scope of a minor thesis, we intend to restrict our study to the analysis of errors made by Minh Dai Secondary School students in using English Participial Adjectives in two positions; pre-attributive and predicative. Their problems are the basis to give practical suggestions in both teaching and learning English in secondary schools. Aims of the study The study aims at: a) Identifying the errors committed by Minh Dai Upper Secondary School students when learning and using English participial Adjectives. b) Finding out the sources of errors in using English participial Adjectives by Ethnic Minority Students. Methods of the study In order to realize the above aims, the methods used are mainly statistical and quantitative. In the first state, I am going to analyze some features of English Participial Adjectives and the rules of uses and then take these a basis to analyze students‟ performance on survey exercises. Moreover, qualitative method issued based on the interview given to some of participants about their reasons for committing errors. Research questions LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com 3 In the process of the study, the following questions are raised for investigation: 1) What are types of the errors made by Minh Dai Secondary School students in learning and using English Participial Adjectives? 2) What cause the students to commit those types of errors? 6. Design of the study This paper is divided into two main parts: Part A INTRODUCTION present the rationales of the study, the aims, research questions, the scope of the study, methods of the study and also its design. Part B DEVELOPMENT Chapter I deals with some theoretical background that is relevant to the purpose of the study: features of English participial Adjectives, errors and the sources of errors in foreign language learning . Chapter II describes the methodology of the study including the context, the participants involved in the study, the data collection procedure and the statistical analysis of data. Chapter III presents the findings on the grammar test and the student interviews and applications for the teaching and learning English. PART B: DEVELOPMENT LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com 4 CHAPTER 1: LITERATURE REVIEW 1.1 An overview of English Participial Adjectives 1.1 The formation of the Participial adjectives 1.1 Definition of the participles A participle is a non-finite verb which functions as an adjective or used in passive sentences or used to form progressive or perfect aspect. There are two kinds of participle in English which are the present participle and the past participle. According to Richards and others, the present participle is formed by adding -ing to a verb base. The present participle is used as an adjective (e. a smiling girl, a self-winding watch); it is used with the verb BE to make the progressive aspect (e. It is raining); it occurs in some expressions such as “Let‟s go shopping”. The past participle is formed by adding -ed to the verb base except some irregular verbs. The past participle is used as an adjective (e. a broken window); it is used with the verb BE to form the passive (e. I was amused by her); it is also used to form the perfect aspect (e. She has finished her work) 1.2 Participial Adjectives From the definitions above, it can be seen that there is a subclass of adjective formally distinguished by -ing or -ed endings. Although some -ed forms, such as “burnt” and “made”, does not end in -ed, this is simply a cover term for this form. Adjectives ending with -ing or -ed are known as Participial Adjectives (P. Adjs for short). Apart from the simple form -ing or -ed, P.Adjs are also found in the form of compounds such as energy-saving, easy-going or heartfelt, dry-cleaned, etc.2 Syntactic functions of P.Adjs As adjectives, P.Adjs tend to appear in two major syntactic positions in clauses: attributive and predicative. LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.Adjs can be divided into two subtypes: Pre-attributive and Post attributive. In the pre-attributive position, P.Adjs precedes a noun as a modifier in a nominal group with obvious active-passive contrast: P.Adj + Noun Eg. They had a boring date. They had a bored look on their faces. The child saw a frightening movie (a movie that frightened the child) The frightened child began to cry. (the child who was frightened) In post attributive position, a P. Adj follows a noun as a modifier in a nominal group. There is nothing interesting here. I watched the match because I knew some of people playing. The people questioned gave very different opinions. We couldn‟t agree on any of the problems discussed. According to Quirk. et al (1985) “Adjectives can sometimes follow the noun or pronoun they modify. A post-posed adjective (together with any complementation it may have) can usually be regarded as a reduced relative clause” E. There is nothing interesting here. (There is nothing which interests us) I watched the match because I knew some of people playing. (I watched the match because I knew some of the people who were playing) The people questioned gave very different opinions. (The people who were questioned gave very different opinions.) We couldn‟t agree on any of the problems discussed. (We couldn‟t agree on any of the problems which was discussed. Predicative LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com 6 In the predicative position, P.Adjs have two syntactic roles: subject predicative and object predicative Subject predicative complements a copular verb such as seem, become, feel, look, etc characterizing the nominal expression in the subject position.

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