Vấn đề và giải pháp trong việc dạy viết cho sinh viên chuyên tiếng Anh tại Đại học Công nghiệp ...

Bài viết phân tích vấn đề giáo viên gặp phải khi dạy viết cho sinh viên chuyên ngành tiếng Anh tại Đại học Công nghiệp Hà Nội và đề xuất giải pháp.

2010

57
0
0

Phí lưu trữ

30 Point

Mục lục chi tiết

1. PART I: INTRODUCTION

1.1. Rationale of the study

1.2. Aims of the study

1.3. Scope of the study

1.4. Method of the study

1.5. Contribution of the study

1.6. Design of the study

2. PART II: DEVELOPMENT

2. CHAPTER ONE: LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1. Definitions of writing

2.2. The importance of writing

2.3. Approaches to teaching writing

2.3.1. The product approach

2.3.2. The process approach

2.4. Differences between the two approaches

2.5. Factors affecting the teaching and learning of writing

2.6. Problems in teaching writing

3. CHAPTER TWO: THE STUDY

3.1. The research hypothesis

3.2. Participants and instruments

3.3. Procedure of data collection

3.4. Results and discussion

3.5. Problems in teaching writing to English major students at HaUI

4. PART III: CONCLUSION

4.1. Summary of the study

4.2. Limitations of the study

4.3. Suggestions for further studies

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i VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST – GRADUATE STUDIES ------------------- BÙI HỒNG VÂN PROBLEMS EXPERIENCED BY TEACHERS IN TEACHING WRITING TO ENGLISH MAJOR STUDENTS AT HANOI UNIVERSITY OF INDUSTRY AND SUGGESTED SOLUTIONS (CÁC VẤN ĐỀ GIÁO VIÊN GẶP PHẢI TRONG VIỆC DẠY VIẾT CHO SINH VIÊN CHUYÊN TIẾNG ANH TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC CÔNG NGHIỆP HÀ NỘI VÀ MỘT VÀI HƯỚNG GIẢI QUYẾT) M. MINOR PROGRAMME THESIS Field: English Teaching Methodology Code: 601410 Hanoi, 2010 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com ii VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST – GRADUATE STUDIES ------------------- BÙI HỒNG VÂN PROBLEMS EXPERIENCED BY TEACHERS IN TEACHING WRITING TO ENGLISH MAJOR STUDENTS AT HANOI UNIVERSITY OF INDUSTRY AND SUGGESTED SOLUTIONS (CÁC VẤN ĐỀ GIÁO VIÊN GẶP PHẢI TRONG VIỆC DẠY VIẾT CHO SINH VIÊN CHUYÊN TIẾNG ANH TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC CÔNG NGHIỆP HÀ NỘI VÀ MỘT VÀI HƯỚNG GIẢI QUYẾT) M. MINOR PROGRAMME THESIS Field: English Teaching Methodology Code: 601410 Supervisor: Nguyễn Thu Lệ Hằng, M. Hanoi, 2010 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com vi TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION . iii TABLE OF CONTENTS . iv LIST OF TABLES . vii PART I: INTRODUCTION 1. Rationale of the study . Aims of the study . Scope of the study . Method of the study . Contribution of the study . Design of the study . 2 PART II: DEVELOPMENT CHAPTER ONE: LITERATURE REVIEW 1. Definitions of writing . The importance of writing . Approaches to teaching writing . The product approach . The process approach . Differences between the two approaches . Factors affecting the teaching and learning of writing . 9 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail. The first language and culture . Students’ communicative competence . Problems in teaching writing . The interference of the first language and culture . Lack of motivation . Constraints in writing . Students’ communicative competence . Adapting the textbook . 14 CHAPTER TWO: THE STUDY 2. The research hypothesis . Participants and instruments. Procedure of data collection . Results and discussion . Problems in teaching writing to English major students at HaUI . 25 PART III: CONCLUSION 1. Summary of the study . 31 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail. Limitations of the study . Suggestions for further studies . XV LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com ix LIST OF CHARTS AND TABLES No Content Page Chart1 Teachers’ opinions on teaching writing 18 Chart 2 Factors affecting the teaching of writing 19 Chart 3 Vietnamese interference in students’ writing 21 Chart 4 Mistakes that students make most frequently 22 Chart 5 The frequency of teachers’ feedback giving 23 Chart 6 Using teaching aids to motivate students in writing lessons 26 Chart 7 Using time in the teaching of writing 27 Table 1 Teachers’ problems in giving feedback to students 24 Table 2 Ways to develop students’ communicative competence 28 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com 1 PART I: INTRODUCTION 1. Rationale Of all four language skills, writing seems to be the most difficult one for both learners and teachers. It requires both good communicative competence and logical thinking. Despite these requirements, writing is very necessary. In language learning process, it helps learners not only improve other skills but promote their ways of thinking as well. Therefore, teaching writing plays a fundamental role in teaching and learning English as a second/foreign language. However, there exist lots of problems in teaching writing, especially at Hanoi University of Industry (HaUI), where the author of this thesis works. Most of the teachers, particularly teachers teaching writing to English major students, find it uneasy to motivate their students to write, to make their writing lessons more interesting and so forth. In spite of these obstacles, there is a lack of studies on teaching writing. As a result of the reasons above, the study “Problems experienced by teachers in teaching writing to English major students at Hanoi University of Industry and Suggested Solutions” is conducted in an attempt to address the gap in the literature and to offer English writing teachers, especially the teachers teaching writing to English major students at Hanoi University of Industry, some effective solutions to their current problems. Finally, this study is also hoped to lay a foundation on which subsequent researches into this matter is based and developed. Aims of the study This study is carried out with the wish of achieving the two primary aims: - To find out what the problems that teachers at HaUI experience in teaching writing to English major students are. - To suggest some solutions to the problems in teaching writing. These aims are shown clearly in addressing the following research questions: - What are the problems that teachers at HaUI experience in teaching writing to English major students? LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com 2 - What are the possible solutions to these problems as suggested by the teachers at HaUI? 3. Scope of the study The study concentrates on problems experienced by teachers teaching writing to English major students at Hanoi University of Industry. Besides, on the basis of the findings, some solutions suggested by these teachers are advanced to further improve teaching writing in Vietnam. Method of the study The study is conducted based on survey research which uses observation, questionnaires and interviews to collect data. - Firstly, observation is used to find out possible problems in teaching writing to English major students at Hanoi University of Industry. - Secondly, a survey for teachers is conducted to address the problems in teaching writing to English major students at Hanoi University of Industry. In addition, some possible solutions to these problems are also concerned in this survey. - Finally, interviews for the teachers teaching writing to English major students at Hanoi University of Industry are carried out to get better insights into the research questions. Contribution of the study That the study is conducted not only finds out the problems in teaching writing and provides some possible solutions but also shows the reality of teaching writing in Vietnam in general and at Hanoi University of Industry in particular . Moreover, this study is hoped to address the gap in the literature as well as to lay the foundation for further studies on teaching and learning writing. Design of the study This study is divided into four main parts to get better insights into different problems in teaching writing. - The first part – Introduction - introduces rationale, aims, scope, method, contribution of the study and provides an overview of the thesis design. - Chapter One in the Development reviews background knowledge of writing and problems in teaching writing with five minor parts: definitions of writing, the LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com 3 importance of writing, approaches to teaching writing, factors affecting the teaching and learning of writing and problems in teaching writing and solutions - Chapter Two in the Development is wholly devoted to describing the study with details in the research hypothesis, rationale for using the survey method, participants, instruments, procedure of data collection, results and discussion. - Finally, the third part is the Conclusion of the thesis dealing with the summary, implications and limitations of the study. Furthermore, this part also provides some suggestions for further studies. LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com 4 PART II: DEVELOPMENT CHAPTER ONE: LITERATURE REVIEW 1. Definitions of writing Writing seems to be a familiar activity to human beings and appears in all fields of our society. Despite its familiarity, no one can say exactly what writing is because there have been so many definitions of writing, which reflects the complexity of writing itself. According to Byrne (1988), writing is not simply the act of forming “graphic symbols”, but the production of “a sequence of sentences arranged in a particular order and linked together in certain ways”. In other words, Byrne defined writing as the process of forming a text. However, writing is more than that. Also defining writing based on texts like Byrne, Candlin and Hyland (1999) said: “Writing is therefore an engagement in a social process, where the production of texts reflects methodologies, arguments and rhetorical strategies constructed to engage colleagues and persuade them of the claims that are made”. In this definition, writing is proved not to be the process of arranging “graphic symbols” to form words or arranging words to form sentences and arranging sentences to form texts. But it is considered as the production of texts which connects to a social process embedding methodologies, arguments and rhetorical strategies. Besides, the role of audience is mentioned as the goal of the writing. From the different perspective, Murray (1978) and Perl (1979) defined writing as “a creative discovery procedure characterized by the dynamic interplay of content and language: the use of language to explore beyond the known content”. However, writing not only shows the reciprocal relationship between content and language and discovers the new content as Murray and Perl’s view but also is responsible for transmitting writers’ messages. Lannon (1989) complemented this idea in his definition of writing - “a process transforming the material discovered by research inspiration, accident, trial and error or whatever into a message with a definite meaning…, a process of deliberate decision.” Nevertheless, writing is complex, so different perspectives have different definitions of writing. Many English teachers like Tribble (1996), Harris (1993) and Oshima & Hogue (1991) viewed writing as a language skill. Firstly, Oshima & Hogue insisted that writing was a process, not a product. This point of view was supported by Harris (1993) when he considered writing as “a process that occurs over a period LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com 5 of time, particularly if we take into account the sometimes extended period of thinking that precedes creating an initial draft”. He also stressed on the importance of teaching writing: “writing normally requires some forms of instruction. It is not a skill that is readily picked up by exposure”. Finally, Tribble (1996) pointed out that writing was “a language skill which is difficult to acquire” and thus, the teaching of writing was essential to the development of writing skill. In brief, reviewing all the theories of both linguists and teachers, writing is an act, a process and a skill which shows writers’ mental power. Therefore, writing is not simple. It needs studying, practicing and especially teaching. The importance of writing No one can deny the importance of writing in our society. We write to record what we have seen, felt and thought. We also write to celebrate experience. In addition, we write to inform, to explain, to entertain, to persuade and so forth. Therefore, in teaching and learning English, writing plays a crucial role. Concerning about this issue, White (1987) pointed out: (i) Writing remains the commonest way of examining students’ performance in English (all public examinations include a composition). Consequently, ability to write remains a key to examination success. (ii) In the eyes of both parents and students, ability to write may be associated with evidence of having learnt the language. Writing is tangible parents and students can see what has been done and what has been achieved. So it has high “face validity”. (iii) In classroom, writing may be used as one of a number of techniques to help add variety and interest to lesson. (iv) Teachers may use writing as a testing device to provide feedback on what students have learnt. Students’ writing can provide useful evidence of successes or failures in learning, of confusions, and errors. (v) Writing requires thought, discipline and concentration. It is relatively a permanent form and readers judge us by our style, content and logic. So writing demands care and thought.

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