MINISTRY OF INDUSTRY AND TRADE HANOI UNIVERSITY OF INDUSTRY DO THI THUONG ADAPTING SPEAKING ACTIVITIES IN COMMUNICATION LESSONS TO IMPROVE GRADE 7 STUDENTS’ SPEAKING SKILLS IN A SECONDARY SCHOOL IN HANOI MASTER THESIS IN ENGLISH LINGUISTICS Hanoi – 2024 MINISTRY OF INDUSTRY AND TRADE HANOI UNIVERSITY OF INDUSTRY DO THI THUONG ADAPTING SPEAKING ACTIVITIES IN COMMUNICATION LESSONS TO IMPROVE GRADE 7 STUDENTS’ SPEAKING SKILLS IN A SECONDARY SCHOOL IN HANOI Major: English Linguistics Code: 8220201 MASTER THESIS IN ENGLISH LINGUISTICS SUPERVISOR: Dr. Do Thi Huyen Thanh Hanoi – 2024 i DECLARATION BY THE AUTHOR This thesis is my original work to the best of my knowledge and belief. It contains no material previously published or submitted by anyone else except where I have cited and referenced the source. Additionally, I declare that this thesis does not contain any material that has been used to obtain any other degree or diploma from any university.
Date: ___________________ Author’s signature Do Thi Thuong Approved by SUPERVISOR (signature and full name) Dr. Do Thi Huyen Thanh Date: ___________________ ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to convey my wholehearted gratitude for the academic expertise, substantial assistance, and emotional support of those who have supported this minor thesis. First and foremost, I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my supervisor, Dr. Do Thi Huyen Thanh, for her dedicated guidance, help, enthusiastic support, and encouragement throughout this study.
Secondly, I would like to express my gratitude and respect to all my venerable lecturers in the MA course for their helpful and valuable lectures, which gave me my research path. I also want to give special acknowledgement to my students from class 7A9 - Dich Vong Secondary School for participating in my research study. I also appreciate my colleagues in the English Department of Dich Vong Secondary School for their help and work sharing during my MA course. Last but not least, my deepest thanks go to my beloved family: my parents, my children, and especially my husband, who gave me understanding and encouragement throughout the study.
iii ABSTRACT Adapting speaking activities plays an essential role in teaching English, as they help diversify speaking activities, motivate students to participate in speaking activities and create interest and confidence in students when they communicate in English. This study investigated the effectiveness of adapting speaking activities to improve Grade 7 students9 speaking skills and their attitudes towards these activities. The study employed an action research approach with the participation of 48 Grade 7 students. Data were collected through a pre-test, a post-test, a Google Forms survey, and interviews.
Results showed that adapting speaking activities positively impacted students' speaking skills, evidenced by improvements in pronunciation, comprehension, grammar, vocabulary, and fluency. Additionally, student feedback from the surveys and interviews highlighted their positive attitudes towards these adapted activities, citing their practicality, enjoyment, and increased engagement in learning. They also expressed their expectation that teachers should adapt speaking activities regularly and continuously. Based on the findings, some recommendations were given to improve speaking skills for secondary students.
Keywords: Adapting speaking activities, speaking skills, effectiveness, motivation iv TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION BY THE AUTHOR. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS. iv LIST OF TABLES. viii LIST OF FIGURES.
ix LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS. Rationale for the Study. Aims and Objectives of the Study. Scope of the Study.
Significance of the Study. Design of the Thesis. Speaking Skills and Teaching Speaking Skills. Significance of Speaking Skills in Language Education.
Classroom Speaking Activities. Assessment of Speaking Skills. Adapting Speaking Activities. Adaptive Learning and its Urgency.
Purposes of Adapting Speaking Activities. Techniques for Adapting Speaking Activities. The Textbook <English 7= – Global Success. Pre-tests and Post-tests.
Data Collection Instruments. Pre-tests and Post-tests. Pre-tests and Post-tests. Pre-tests and Post-tests.
Students9 Survey Questionnaire. Students9 Perceptions of Their Speaking Skill Development. Students9 Evaluation of the Language and Content in the Adaptation of Speaking Activities. Students9 Perceptions of How the Adapting Speaking Activities Affected Their Motivation.
Students9 Opinions on the Classroom Interaction Improvement. Student9s Perceptions of the Adaptation of Speaking Activities. Students9 Favourite Adapted Speaking Activities. Students9 Interest in the Adapted Speaking Activities.
Benefits of Adapting Speaking Activities. Drawbacks of Adapting Speaking Activities. Effects of the Adapted Speaking Activities on Post-test Scores. Recommendation for Using Adapted Speaking Activities Regularly.
FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS. Effects of Adapting Speaking Activities on Students9 Speaking Skills 62 4. Students9 Attitudes Towards the Adapted Speaking Activities. Summary of the Study.
For School Authorities. Limitations and Suggestions for Further Study. Phiếu điều tra nghiên cứu (Vietnamese version). Interview for students.
Adapted speaking tasks. The description of everyday English part – Communication lessons (English 7 – Global Success). l viii LIST OF TABLES Table 2. The Score Criteria of the Questionnaire Result.
Descriptive Statistics of Pre-test and Post-test Scores. Output of the Paired t-Test Two Sample for Means. Students9 Perceptions of Speaking Skill Development. Students9 Overall Evaluation of the Adapted Speaking Activities 47 Table 3.
Students9 Perceptions of the Motivation Influence. Students9 Perspectives on Classroom Interaction. Students' General Perception of the Adapted Speaking Activities 53 ix LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Techniques for Adapting Materials.
The Comparison of the Pre-test and Post-test Scores. Students9 Preferred Adapted Speaking Activities. 55 x LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AR Action Research MOET The Ministry of Education and Training EFL English as a Foreign Language L1 First Language Ss Students T Teacher M Mean N Number 1 INTRODUCTION The first part of the thesis introduces the rationale, aims, and research questions of the study. It also presents the scope of the analysis, an overview of the methods employed to conduct the research, the study9s significance, and its outline.
Rationale for the Study The importance of English communication skills in our increasingly globalised and multicultural society cannot be overstated. Success in English is powered by global economic interests and the need for individuals to engage effectively in a borderless world. English is a door to world citizenship and creates understanding and connections between people from different cultures. Recognising these factors, the Ministry of Education and Training (MOET) has conducted many projects to revolutionise English teaching in secondary schools.
One of these initiatives that laid the foundations for transformational changes was the program related to teaching and learning foreign languages in the national education system from 2008 to 2020. Since the 2022-2023 school year, the new English textbook, <English 7 – Global Success=, has been launched to meet the project9s objectives and the increasing requirements of foreign language education in the national education system. These English textbooks are designed for the new General Education Program and have outstanding features to support learning and teaching English. This set of textbooks prioritises the comprehensive development of listening, speaking, reading and writing skills and helps students form and develop communication skills in English.
Moreover, it widens and deepens their knowledge about the cultures and people of various countries worldwide, igniting natural culture. Significantly, the Everyday English part, the brand- 2 new part of the communication lessons in the new textbooks, has applied for a content language integrated learning program. Compared with the old versions, there have been several improvements in the new textbooks. However, the teachers and learners face many challenges in working with the new <Everyday English= part of communication lessons, which always contains two repetitive tasks across all 12 units.
Task 1 provides linguistic input, including specific communicative structures and linguistic functions such as expressing preferences, telling stories about life experiences, giving instructions, requesting and providing information, and expressing agreements and disagreements… to help students communicate in real situations. Task 2 requires students to work in pairs to engage in conversations using the structures and expressions introduced in Task 1. The two repetitive tasks in the <Everyday English= part across all 12 units can lead to boredom and loss of interest in teachers and students. Besides, implementing practical speaking activities at X secondary school faces challenges, including large class sizes (about 45-50 students per class), differences in English proficiency levels, and parental support.
In addition, the 10th-grade English entrance exam focuses heavily on grammar, causing students to prioritise learning grammar rules and exercises over other skills. Consequently, students excel in English grammar but need support in being confident and fluent in spoken English. The reasons mentioned above have inspired the researcher to conduct research entitled <ADAPTING SPEAKING ACTIVITIES IN COMMUNICATION LESSONS TO IMPROVE GRADE 7 STUDENTS’ SPEAKING SKILLS IN A SECONDARY SCHOOL IN HANOI.= In brief, the highest goal of learning and teaching a language is intercultural integration and effective communication in every situation. 3 Although English teaching activities have made commendable progress, further improvement is needed, especially in developing students9 speaking skills.
This study hopes to contribute valuable insights that may facilitate more engaging and effective English language education, not only for the students at X Secondary School but also for other teachers and planners in developing a long- range strategic education plan to meet the demands of a globalised and culturally diverse society. Aims and Objectives of the Study The study aims to examine the effectiveness of adapting speaking activities on Grade 7 students9 speaking skills and how students react to the implementation of adapted speaking activities within the new English textbook. Accordingly, the primary research objective is to determine how adapting speaking activities affect Grade 7 students9 speaking skills and what the students9 attitudes towards the adapted speaking activities in Communication lessons – English 7 (Global success) are. Research Questions To achieve the aims of the study, the following questions are dealt with: 1.
To what extent does adapting speaking activities in teaching Communication lessons (English 7) improve Grade 7 students9 speaking skills? 2. What are the students9 attitudes towards the adapted speaking activities? 4. Research Methods To address the research questions of this study, action research was employed using tests, questionnaires, and semi-structured interviews as data collection instruments. Pre-Test and Post-Test: The study was conducted over nine weeks, commencing with a pre-test and a post-test administered to 48 students to 4 measure the improvement of students9 speaking skills after employing the adapted speaking activities.
Survey Questionnaire: 48 students were sent a Google Forms survey questionnaire to examine their perceptions of adapting speaking activities in Communication lessons. The survey questionnaire aimed to evaluate the practicality of the adapted activities and collect valuable quantitative data to supplement the test results. Semi-Structured Interviews: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine selected students to gain deeper insights into students9 opinions and experiences. The questions of the interview were designed to encourage detailed responses, offering rich qualitative data.
The mixed methods, combining quantitative assessments of speaking skills with qualitative exploration of student perspectives, were intended to provide a comprehensive and robust evaluation of the impact of adapted speaking activities in the context of Communication lessons - English 7 Global Success at X secondary school. A description of the research design, participants, data collection tools and procedures, and analysis of the collected data is presented in more detail in Chapter 2. Scope of the Study This research focused on adapting speaking activities within Communication lessons - English 7 Global Success at X secondary school. While there are various methods to improve students9 speaking skills, the study aimed to demonstrate the effectiveness of adapting speaking activities and gather students9 opinions about the benefits of these activities.
Due to time constraints, the study was limited to 48 Grade 7 students at X secondary school to address the impact and students9 perceptions of adapting speaking activities 5 in teaching Communication lessons – English 7 and other aspects of English skills will not be within its scope. Significance of the Study The findings of this study benefit English teaching in lower secondary education in general and improve Grade 7 students9 communicative skills in particular.