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Luận văn thạc sĩ nghiên cứu antecedents of shopper loyalty in the vietnamese supermarkets, đánh giá hiện trạng, phân tích vấn đề, đề xuất biện pháp hoàn thiện trong lĩnh vực .

Người đăng

Ẩn danh

Thể loại

Thesis

2012

61
1
0

Phí lưu trữ

30 Point

Mục lục chi tiết

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

1. CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1. RESEARCH QUESTIONS AND OBJECTIVES

2. CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1. THE ANTECEDENTS OF SHOPPER LOYALY

2.2. Product quality and assortment

2.3. Perceived price fairness

2.4. RESEARCH MODEL AND HYPOTHESES

2.5. Product quality and assortment

2.6. Perceived price fairness

2.7. In-depth interviews result

3. CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY

3.1. DATA ANALYSIS METHODS

3.1.1. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA)

3.1.2. Multiple Regression Analysis

4. CHAPTER 4: DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULTS

4.1. Exploratory factor analysis

4.2. TESTING THE EFFECTS OF DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES

4.3. DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS

5. CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATION

5.1. LIMITATION OF STUDY AND FUTURE RESEARCH

APPENDICES

B. Codified Variables

C. First Time Running – Eigenvalues

D. First Time Running – Factor Loadings

E. Second Time Running – Eigenvalues

F. Second Time Running – Factor Loadings

G. Third Time Running – Eigenvalues

H. Charts of Testing Hypotheses

I. Result of Affecting of Demographic Variables

LIST OF FIGURES

LIST OF TABLES

Trích đoạn nội dung tài liệu

UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS HO CHI MINH CITY International School of Business ------------------------------ Lam Hoang Vu ANTECEDENTS OF SHOPPER LOYALTY IN THE VIETNAMESE SUPERMARKETS MASTER OF BUSINESS (Honours) Ho Chi Minh City – Year 2012 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS HO CHI MINH CITY International School of Business ------------------------------ Lam Hoang Vu ANTECEDENTS OF SHOPPER LOYALTY IN THE VIETNAMESE SUPERMARKETS ID: 60340102 MASTER OF BUSINESS (Honours) SUPERVISOR: DR. NGUYEN THI MAI TRANG Ho Chi Minh City – Year 2012 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com Running head: ANTECEDENTS OF SHOPPER LOYALTY i ANTECEDENTS OF SHOPPER LOYALTY IN THE VIETNAMESE SUPERMARKETS LAM HOANG VU UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS HO CHI MINH CITY International School of Business TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com ANTECEDENTS OF SHOPPER LOYALTY ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my sincere thankfulness to my research advisor, Dr. Nguyen Thi Mai Trang, who made me believe in myself and gave me the possibility to complete this thesis. Her guidance helped me in all the time of research and writing this thesis. I am sure that this thesis would not have been possible without her support. I also thank Prof. Nguyen Dinh Tho. I am extremely grateful and indebted to him for his expert, valuable guidance, insightful comments, and encouragement extended to me. I would like to express my gratitude to all ISB staffs that supported necessary materials and helped summit my papers. Especially, I would like to give my special thanks my family for supporting me spiritually throughout my life. Lam Hoang Vu Ho Chi Minh City, December 29, 2012 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com ANTECEDENTS OF SHOPPER LOYALTY iii ABSTRACT With a population of 91 million consumers and economic growth rate averaged 6.37 percent from 2000 until 2012, Vietnam has been an attractive foreign investment destination. Moreover, consumer preference has been changing along with higher income, becoming sophisticated and improving living standard in recent years. In addition, Nguyen, Nguyen, and Barrett (2007, p. 228) claim that “little has been paid to transitional markets like Vietnam, where supermarkets are still a new retailing system, appealing primarily to upper class consumers in urban areas of the country”. Therefore, supermarket retailers have to take advantage of new innovations to create their competitive advantages. When a customer goes shop at certain supermarket, what make him/her keeping buying? And what are factors affecting his/her loyalty? The retailers had to find out the answer to identify appropriate strategies for achieving their own goals. Based on that, the study was carried out to reveal the impact of service quality, product quality and assortment, layout, perceived price fairness, and convenient location on shopper loyalty. The study was conducted by the survey questionnaire. A sample of 420 consumers are living and working in Ho Chi Minh City. The result revealed that service quality, product quality, perceived price fairness, and convenient location have positive relationships with shopper loyalty. TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com ANTECEDENTS OF SHOPPER LOYALTY iv TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . III CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION .3 RESEARCH QUESTIONS AND OBJECTIVES . 3 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW .2 THE ANTECEDENTS OF SHOPPER LOYALY .2 Product quality and assortment .4 Perceived price fairness .3 RESEARCH MODEL AND HYPOTHESES .3 Product quality and assortment . 12 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com ANTECEDENTS OF SHOPPER LOYALTY v 3.5 Perceived price fairness .3 In-depth interviews result .5 DATA ANALYSIS METHODS.2 Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) .3 Multiple Regression Analysis . 18 CHAPTER 4: DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULTS .2 Exploratory factor analysis .4 TESTING THE EFFECTS OF DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES .5 DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS . 25 CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATION .3 LIMITATION OF STUDY AND FUTURE RESEARCH . 33 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com ANTECEDENTS OF SHOPPER LOYALTY vi APPENDICES . 38 Appendix B: Codified Variables . 40 Appendix C: First Time Running – Eigenvalues . 44 Appendix D: First Time Running – Factor Loadings . 45 Appendix E: Second Time Running – Eigenvalues . 46 Appendix F: Second Time Running – Factor Loadings . 47 Appendix G: Third Time Running – Eigenvalues . 48 Appendix H: Charts of Testing Hypotheses. 49 Appendix I: Result of Affecting of Demographic Variables . 51 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2.1: Histogram of Shopper Loyalty .2: Normal P-P Plot of Shopper Loyalty .3: Scatterplot of Shopper Loyalty . 50 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com ANTECEDENTS OF SHOPPER LOYALTY vii LIST OF TABLES Table 3.1: Scales of Shopper Loyalty .2: Scales of Service Quality.3: Scales of Product Quality and Assortment .4: Scales of Layout .5: Scales of Perceived Price Fairness .6: Scales of Convenient Location .7: Cronbach’s Alpha Reliability Coefficient .4: Results of Pearson Correlation.5: Results of Standard Multiple Regression .6: Creating and Recoding Variables .7: Results of Hypotheses Testing . 26 Table I1: Model Summary of Testing Male. 51 Table I2: Model Summary of Testing Younger . 51 Table I3: Model Summary of Testing Student . 51 Table I4: Model Summary of Testing Low Income . 52 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com ANTECEDENTS OF SHOPPER LOYALTY 1 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION This chapter introduces the background of the Vietnamese supermarket industry as well as the status of shopper loyalty. The research questions and objective are proposed to explore the factors determining customer loyalty. Based on these, research delimitation is proposed and thesis structure is presented. Background According to “Vietnam Retail Analysis (2008-2012)” (2010), the researchers claimed that “fast pace growth in Vietnam’s retail market has made the country an attractive destination for multinational retailers. Vietnam holds the 4th position among 30 countries attracting foreign investors. As per the WTO agreement, the government has removed limitation on capital invested by the foreign investors. “The value of retail sales in Vietnam has rapidly risen over the past few years”. “The retail sales are expected to surge at a CAGR of around 20% during 2010-2012. V (2012) states that although the nation has faced a difficult year, the retail market in 2011 still grew and made up 15-16 percent of Vietnam’s GDP with an increase of 29.3 percent over the previous year. Currently, there are approximately 900 supermarkets, shopping malls, and convenience stores, along with a system of 9,000 traditional markets in Vietnam. Moreover, the spending and consumption habit of Vietnamese people has change a lot in the last few years. As stated in “Vietnam Retail Market Forecast to 2014” (2012), “the modern retail channels are expected to play a crucial role in future growth”. Moreover, it is estimated that the retail sale will continue to grow at a CAGR of around 26% during 2012-2015. In addition, the report also mentioned that Vietnam is one of the world’s five most lucrative retail markets. Therefore, Vietnam’s retail market will attract a number of foreign investors as well as international brands. These researches have pointed out that Vietnam has been considered to be one of the most potential markets in Asia. In addition, foreign firms (like Big C, Metro) have been TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com ANTECEDENTS OF SHOPPER LOYALTY 2 entered the Vietnam retails. That means the domestics retailers have to face the toughest challenges when the foreign firms entering Vietnam retail market. The issues are how the domestic retailers survive and develop in the local retail market.2 Research Problems Yang, Do, Wang, Chang, and Hung (2011, p. 209) claim that 2009 was considered as a crucial landmark for the Vietnamese retail industry with 100% foreign owned retailers allowed under Vietnam’s commitment to WTO. It leads to a new development period and rapid growth in Vietnamese retail market. Domestic retailers have to compete with foreign multinational retailers on market share. In there, foreign firms take advantages of capital and experience to reign over a share of supermarket chains. For example, Metro has a plan to invest $100 million - $ 120 million for each outlet; Big C use $17 million to open supermarket in central Hue. And domestic firms have competitive advantages in proximity locations and understanding local customers. As a result, domestic firms have to enter an extreme race to compete against foreign ones. In order to increase competitive advantages, they choose to expand stores to improve their distributions. For example, Saigon Co.op confidently increases the outlets to reach 120 by 2012; Citimart also hopes to expand 10 more outlets in 2012. Therefore, the appropriate strategies are the most important issue which both parties must consider in order to prevail. According to “Nielsen Shopper Trends” (2011), Vietnam has been faced with inflationary pressures. It has led to some changes in shoppers’ behaviors that have become more price-sensitive (www. That means they has focused more on value and their demands have been affected by a general increase in price. Otherwise, Vietnamese shoppers still keep shopping at the certain store based on what they are looking for. Consequently, it is necessary to explore the factors which determine consumer loyalty to attract and retain customers. It also helps the firms make decisions in order to select the most appropriate strategies for their goals. TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com ANTECEDENTS OF SHOPPER LOYALTY 3 1.3 Research Questions and Objectives This research is to identify, measure factors affecting shopper loyalty and determine the relationship among them. The proposed research questions are as follows: - Are there identifiable factors affecting shopper loyalty? - What is the relationship between these factors and shopper loyalty? Which will influence shopper loyalty the most? The research objectives are: - To identify factors affecting shopper loyalty in the Vietnamese supermarket. - To determine the impact of each factor on shopper loyalty 1.4 Research Delimitation This study focuses on individual shoppers in Ho Chi Minh City, who have more shopping options than other. Children below 16 years old are not chosen to be respondents. Moreover, the study focuses on attitudinal loyalty. Therefore, this sample cannot represent for Vietnam nationwide. In addition, there are five factors including service quality, product quality and assortment, layout, perceived price fairness, and convenient location which are considered as the antecedents of shopper loyalty.5 Thesis Structure This thesis is organized as follows: - Chapter 1 presents the research background, research problems, research questions and objectives, research delimitation, and thesis structure. - Chapter 2 introduces research model and its hypotheses as well as its literature review - Chapter 3 illustrates the methodology conducted in this paper - Chapter 4 presents research results is based on data collected - Chapter 5 summarizes the research results, provide the findings and recommendations TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com ANTECEDENTS OF SHOPPER LOYALTY 4 CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW This chapter is an overview of shopper loyalty and its antecedents which have been conducted by previous researchers. Based on these studies, a conceptual model is proposed.1 Shopper Loyalty Oliver (1996, cited in Donio', Massari, and Passiante, 2006, p. 446) defines customer loyalty as “a deeply held commitment to re-buy or re-patronize a preferred product/service consistently in the future, thereby causing repetitive same-brand or same brand-set purchasing, despite situational influences and marketing efforts having the potential to cause switching behavior”. In addition, Goodwright (n.) defines that “customer loyalty is when an organization receives the ultimate reward for the way it interacts with its customers; and competitive advantage can be achieved through customer loyalty”. Donio' et al. 446) propose three conceptualizations of customer loyalty: “as primarily an attitude that sometimes leads to a relationship with the brand”, “as mainly expressed in term of revealed behavior”; and “ buying moderated by the individual’s attitudes” In short, customer loyalty is one of the most important issues of the firms. The customer will chose one product/service instead of one of other competitors. In other way, when the firm delivers superior value and wins customer loyalty, it ensures that the firms can be continued profitable. That means market share, profitability will be going up and the cost of attracting new customer will go down (Fraenkel, 2009) TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com ANTECEDENTS OF SHOPPER LOYALTY 5 Costabile (2001, cited in Donio', 2004, p.

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