Thực tiễn và thách thức trong giảng dạy phát âm tiếng Anh cho học sinh lớp 11 tại trường THPT ...

Luận văn thạc sĩ VNU ULIS phân tích thực tiễn và thách thức trong giảng dạy phát âm tiếng Anh cho học sinh lớp 11 tại trường Phan Đình Phùng, Hà Nội.

2010

54
1
0

Phí lưu trữ

30 Point

Mục lục chi tiết

1. PART I: INTRODUCTION

1.1. Rationale of the study

1.2. Aim and objectives of the study

1.3. Scope of the study

1.4. Methods of the study

1.5. Significance of the study

1.6. Design of the study

2. PART II: DEVELOPMENT

2. CHAPTER 1: LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1. Pronunciation and its nature

2.2. Significance of pronunciation

2.3. Importance of pronunciation to language learners

2.4. English pronunciation teaching to second language learners

2.4.1. What to teach

2.4.2. Approaches to teaching

2.4.3. Methods to teach

3. CHAPTER 2: THE STUDY

3.1. Practices of teaching pronunciation for 11th graders in Phan Dinh Phung High school

3.2. Introduction of pronunciation lessons designed in English 11

3.3. Introduction of language teaching and learning conditions in Phan Dinh Phung high school

3.4. Data collection instruments

3.5. Informal interview

4. CHAPTER 3: DATA ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSIONS

4.1. Questionnaires for students

4.2. Reality of learning pronunciation

4.3. Challenges that students have to face when learning pronunciation

4.4. Questionnaires for teachers

4.5. Reality of teaching pronunciation

4.6. Challenges that teachers have to face

4.7. Classroom observation and discussion

5. CHAPTER 4: FINDINGS AND FEASIBLE SOLUTIONS

5.1. Challenges in teaching

5.2. Feasible solutions

6. PART III: CONCLUSION

6.1. Limitations of the study

6.2. Suggestions for further studies

REFERENCES

Appendix 1: Questionnaire for students

Appendix 2: Questionnaire for teachers

Appendix 3: Informal interview scripts

Appendix 4: Worksheet for Story-telling activity

Trích đoạn nội dung tài liệu

-1- VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES & INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST – GRADUATE STUDIES ***************** TRẦN HỒNG HẠNH PRACTICES AND CHALLENGES OF TEACHING ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION: THE CASE OF GRADE 11 IN PHAN DINH PHUNG HIGH SCHOOL, HANOI (Việc giảng dạy và những khó khăn trong việc giảng dạy Ngữ âm tiếng Anh cho học sinh lớp 11 trường THPT Phan Đình Phùng, Hà Nội) M. Minor Programme Thesis Major: English Teaching Methodology Code : 60 14 10 Hanoi - 2010 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com -2- VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES & INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST – GRADUATE STUDIES ***************** TRẦN HỒNG HẠNH PRACTICES AND CHALLENGES OF TEACHING ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION: THE CASE OF GRADE 11 IN PHAN DINH PHUNG HIGH SCHOOL, HANOI (Việc giảng dạy và những khó khăn trong việc giảng dạy Ngữ âm tiếng Anh cho học sinh lớp 11 trường THPT Phan Đình Phùng, Hà Nội) M. Minor Programme Thesis Major: English Teaching Methodology Code : 60 14 10 Supervisor: NGUYỄN THỊ VƯỢNG, M. Hanoi - 2010 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com -6- TABLE OF CONTENTS Declaration……………………………………………………………………… 1 Acknowledgements……………………………………………………………. 2 Abstract………………………………………………………………………… 3 List of abbreviations………………………………………………………. 8 List of tables……………………………………………………………… 8 List of charts………………………………………………………………… 8 PART I: INTRODUCTION……………………………………………… 9 1. Rationale of the study…………………………………………………… 9 2. Aim and objectives of the study………………………………………… 9 3. Scope of the study……………………………………………………… 10 4. Methods of the study…………………………………………………… 10 5. Significance of the study……………………………………………… 11 6. Design of the study…………………………………………………… 11 PART II: DEVELOPMENT……………………………………………. 12 CHAPTER 1: LITERATURE REVIEW……………………………………… 12 1. Pronunciation and its nature………………………………………………… 12 1. The significance of pronunciation……………………………… 12 1. Importance of pronunciation to language learners……………… 13 1. English pronunciation teaching to second language learners……………… 13 1. What to teach…………………………………………………… 13 1. Approaches to the teaching……………………………………… 14 1. Methods to teach ……………………………………………… 15 1. Consonant sounds in English……………………………………………… 18 1. Definition of English consonants……………………………… 18 1. Raising awareness of consonant sounds………………………… 19 CHAPTER 2: THE STUDY…………………………………………………… 22 2. Practices of teaching pronunciation for 11th graders in Phan Dinh Phung High school…………………………………………………………………… 22 2. Introduction of pronunciation lessons designed in English 11 ……… 22 2. Introduction of language teaching and learning conditions in Phan LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com -7- Dinh Phung high school………………………………………………………… 25 2. Data collection instruments …………………………………………… 27 2. Informal interview……………………………………………… 29 CHAPTER 3: DATA ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSIONS…………………… 30 3. Questionnaires for students…………………………………………… 30 3. Reality of learning pronunciation……………………………… 30 3. Challenges that students have to face when learning pronunciation … 36 3. Questionnaires for teachers…………………………………………… 38 3. Reality of teaching pronunciation…………………………… 38 3. Challenges that teachers have to face………………………… 40 3. Classroom observation and discussion…………………………………… 42 CHAPTER 4: FINDINGS AND FEASIBLE SOLUTIONS………………… 44 4. Challenges in teaching……………………………………………… 44 4. Feasible solutions………………………………………………………… 45 PART III: CONCLUSION…………………………………………… 47 1. Limitations of the study………………………………………………… 47 2. Suggestions for further studies………………………………………… 47 REFERENCES…………………………………………………………… 49 Appendix 1: Questionnaire for students………………………………… 50 Appendix 2: Questionnaire for teachers………………………………… 52 Appendix 3: Informal interview scripts……………………………………… 54 Appendix 4: Worksheet for Story-telling activity…………………… 57 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com -8- LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS PDP Phan Dinh Phung IPA International Phonetic Alphabet i. For example vs. LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Pronunciation matters mentioned in English 11 Table 2: How often students discuss their pronunciation problems Table 3: How often students use phonetic transcription in note- taking Table 4: Pronunciation matters that challenge students Table 5: Frequency of teaching pronunciation Table 6: Techniques used to teach pronunciation Table 7: Students‟ attitude towards pronunciation, in teachers‟ observation Table 8: Challenges teachers have to face when teaching pronunciation LIST OF CHARTS Chart 1: Importance of pronunciation to students Chart 2: Students‟ feeling towards pronunciation lessons in class Chart 3: Reality of teaching and learning pronunciation through students‟ yes answer Chart 4: Quality of pronunciation teaching in students‟ opinion Chart 5: Difficulties students have during their pronunciation acquisition LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com -9- PART I: INTRODUCTION 1. Rationale of the study When discussing the role of English language in current society, it is believed that a guy can get promotion in the management ladder only if he can speak English fluently. If your English is poor, even though you may have well- qualified qualifications, and brilliant brain and can come up with brilliant business ideas, you may still find yourself languishing at the bottom of the management ladder since you will find difficulty in expressing your brilliant ideas. That is an important and needless- to- question matter in our society. However, when observing and basing on the real teaching, the researcher has found out that many students, otherwise most of them, feel discouraged towards English just because they can not, or in another word, do not know how to pronounce English words appropriately. The reason is explained by Gerald Kelly (2000) that a learner who consistently mispronounces words can be extremely difficult for the listener to understand. In the way round, the situation will also become very frustrating for himself/ herself even though he/ she has very good knowledge of grammar and vocabulary. Therefore, in the pilot English book for students in high school, pronunciation lessons are designed with the hope of giving both teachers and learners some basic cues of English pronunciation matters. The reality of teaching pronunciation in general, and teaching pronunciation for students of grade 11 in PDP high school in particular, however, seems not to be as ideal as hoped. From the real experience in teaching, the researcher attempts to carry out a research to make the problem clear. Aim and objectives of the study Within the frame work of a minor thesis, the study is aimed at finding out some feasible solutions to pronunciation teaching for grade 11 in PDP high school. In order to achieve this aim, the study concentrates on:  Clarifying the practices of teaching and learning pronunciation in grades 11 in PDP high school  Finding out the challenges that teachers and students in grades 11 in PDP high school have had to undergo LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com - 10 -  Suggesting some feasible solutions to the teaching of pronunciation for grade 11 It may appear contradictory that in the first two concentrations, the study attempts to investigate both teaching and learning of pronunciation whereas the main topic raised in the title of the study is only about the teaching. However, it is not a contradiction “if we look at the teaching process as the facilitation of learning. Scope of the study Learning a second language as a scholar once said “is a long and complex undertaking”. Therefore, teachers of a second language certainly have many problems during their teaching. In the scope of this research, however, the researcher only has ambition to investigate the challenges that have been causing the teaching of pronunciation for 11th graders in PDP high school to be not as smooth and successful as hoped. Besides, the study is also to suggest some implications for the teaching of pronunciation matters designed in English 11, i. English consonantal matters. Therefore, within such a limited scope, it is not expected that the study can bring solutions to the teaching of all English pronunciation matters or to the pronunciation teaching for students of all levels. Methods of the study The study is designed to use both qualitative and quantitative methods. Besides, many resources such as books, magazines, articles, newspapers and some sources on the internet have been read by the researcher. In order to gain the most reliable results, the quantitative data will be collected through two survey questionnaires. One survey questionnaire is for 200 students from classes of two different groups: English- gifted and English- non- gifted in grade 11 in PDP high school and the other survey is for 6 teachers teaching English for grades 11 during the time they took part in the survey. The data, then, will be processed and analyzed to yield conclusions for the study. Along with the quantitative method, the qualitative data has been obtained by classroom observation and informal interviews with some students and teachers to LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com - 11 - collect further information about the real situations of teaching and learning pronunciation in grades 11 at PDP high school. Significance of the study The piloted syllabus for grade 11th of high school level was designed with hopes that students could have a complete sight into English consonantal sounds. However, there has not been much investigation into the fact that whether lessons of pronunciation are suitable and comprehensible for students; or whether the teaching of pronunciation for students of grade 11 is easy- undertaken. This research provides an insight into the problems that are often met by teachers teaching English for grades 11 in PDP High school. In addition, this research also points out some feasible solutions which are, hopefully, beneficial for both teachers and students. Design of the study The study is divided into three parts The first part “Introduction” presents the rationale, the aim and objectives, the scope, the methods, significance and the design of the study. The second part, “Development”, consists of four chapters: Chapter 1 provides a thorough literature review relevant to the study. It presents the theoretical background: the concepts relating to pronunciation, its importance to language learners and pronunciation teaching as a second language. Consonant sounds are also mentioned in this chapter. Chapter 2 describes precisely practices of teaching pronunciation for 11th graders in PDP high school. This chapter also deals with the introduction of the research methods which are: research questions, subject, questionnaire, class observation and informal interview. Chapter 3 is for analyzing the data collected from two questionnaires as well as classroom observation. Chapter 4 concludes the findings the researcher has from the study and proposes some solutions to the teaching of pronunciation for grade 11 in PDP high school. The last part of the study “Conclusion” gives a brief description of the study and states the limitations as well as recommendations for further research. LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com - 12 - PART II: DEVELOPMENT CHAPTER 1: LITERATURE REVIEW 1. Pronunciation and its nature In the book of Pronunciation Skills (1981), Paul Tench stated that “Pronunciation is not an optional extra for the language learner, any more than grammar, vocabulary or any other aspect of language is”. The statement is worth remembering for both language learners and teachers. With a view to clarifying the importance of pronunciation and the reasons making it important, the first part in this chapter will be the introduction about the significance of pronunciation, and the importance of pronunciation to language teaching and learning.1 Significance of pronunciation When learning a new language, most learners try their best to remember words with their meaning. The case is the same for Vietnamese students who learn English as the second language. However, pronunciation is far from, otherwise is not based on spelling. Some language scholars stated that although there are some regulations between sound system and written symbols in English language, English spelling is still a poor reflection of pronunciation. That is to say that the teaching and learning of vocabulary separately from pronunciation proves to be backward. The problem raised is what makes English pronunciation significant. “Pronunciation is itself a complex of sounds (consonants, vowels and diphthongs), syllables (word accent and rhythm) and intonation.” (Paul Tench, 1981) Another way to approach the matter comes from Charles W. According to him, in discussing the pronunciation of English we can focus on one or both of two aspects. On one hand, we may want to describe what people do when they are speaking English. This is the aspect of speech, an activity carried on by people who use English for communicating. On the other hand, we may address the question about the characteristics of English words and sentences that are realized in speech.

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