MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING STATE BANK OF VIETNAM HO CHI MINH CITY BANKING UNIVERSITY HUYNH LE CONG TRUONG THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SHOPPING ENVIRONMENT FACTORS THROUGH LIVESTREAMS AND CUSTOMERS' IMPULSIVE BUYING BEHAVIOR IN VIETNAM SUMMARY OF DOCTORAL THESIS IN ECONOMICS Ho Chi Minh City – 2025 MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING STATE BANK OF VIETNAM HO CHI MINH CITY BANKING UNIVERSITY HUYNH LE CONG TRUONG THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SHOPPING ENVIRONMENT FACTORS VIA LIVESTREAMS AND CUSTOMERS' IMPULSIVE BUYING BEHAVIOR IN VIETNAM ABSTRACT OF DOCTORAL THESIS IN ECONOMICS Major: Business Administration Code: 9 34 01 01 SCIENTIFIC INSTRUCTOR: ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR. TRAN VAN DAT Ho Chi Minh City – Year 2025 1 CHAPTER 1. Reason for choosing the topic Selling via livestreams is really booming on social networking platforms such as Facebook, TikTok, Instagram. along with e-commerce sites such as Shopee, Lazada, Tiki,.
Appearing in Vietnam since the end of 2018, selling via live broadcast is becoming an effective business tool for retailers on e-commerce platforms recently. The form of selling via live broadcast (livestream) is gradually becoming the preferred choice of retailers in addition to traditional sales channels. Live broadcast plays an important role in the online shopping process of customers. Not only a shopping tool, they spend a lot of time watching live broadcasts as a tool to connect the community, interact with sellers to get more information about the products and services they are interested in.
Live broadcast revolutionizes the conventional e-commerce business model by providing real-time interactions between sellers and customers. Shopping through live streaming provides a richer online shopping environment than traditional social commerce. On traditional shopping websites, goods can only be understood through images and text. On the contrary, in order to provide consumers with more detailed product information, shopping through live streaming allows online sellers to display products in real-time videos.
At the same time, the streamer can answer the questions raised (Ang et al., 2018; Forrester et al. Specifically, a two-way synchronous connection is realized when sellers can directly confirm and respond to customers and they can actively participate through text communication (Kang et al. Therefore, live streaming promotes emotional purchases. Specifically, customers often buy because they like the product, are impressed with it, or buy because many people are buying it., not because they buy based on their rational thinking about what they need the product for? According to the Vietnam E-commerce Report 2023, retail e-commerce revenue in Vietnam reached 20.5 billion USD, an increase of 25% (equivalent to about 4 billion USD) compared to 2022.
According to statistics from the market data platform Metric, in 2023, the total revenue of 5 e-commerce platforms (Shopee, Lazada, Tiki, Sendo, TikTok Shop) reached 232.2 trillion VND, an increase of 53. With the strong development of new forms of shopping, typically the live broadcast 2 method, it has brought great revenue to sellers on e-commerce platforms. The live broadcast method can solve customers' concerns when shopping online, customers can see the product, get quick direct advice from the seller, along with continuous discount codes at each time, making buyers make faster purchasing decisions. Also according to the Vietnam E-commerce Report 2023, in 2023, more than 105,000 sellers on the four platforms Shopee, Lazada, Tiki, Sendo left the market due to increasingly fierce competition.
However, the appearance of more than 95,000 new sellers on the TikTok Shop platform has helped the market on online retail platforms in 2023 to rebalance and maintain a vibrant pace. In previous years, only small retail brands and low-end products were seen operating on e-commerce platforms. But by 2024, many brands with high- end products, popular in many industries, from household appliances, technology, cosmetics and even motorbikes,. also appeared in livestream sessions.
Major brands of mobile devices such as Xiaomi, Samsung,. have appeared and stirred up the e- commerce market, designer Thai Cong introduced and sold high-end products through live broadcasts. Electric car company VinFast has also collaborated with the Tiktok channel “PewPew Grocery” to organize an online sales session via live broadcast. The "heat" of live broadcast has been creating a fierce race in the e-commerce industry.
From businesses to artists, celebrities, from urban to rural business people. all can organize live sales broadcasts. Live broadcasts are considered a gold mine for business people. In Vietnam, the form of selling through live broadcasts is becoming more and more popular.
According to the Digital Marketing 2024 report & Internet user behavior trends in Vietnam, in January 2024, Vietnam had 78.44 million Internet users, with an Internet usage rate of 79. This shows that the Internet has become an indispensable part of the daily lives of Vietnamese people, largely due to the popularity of smart devices and improvements in network infrastructure. Social network users are 72.70 million people, equivalent to 73.3% of the total population. Thus, social networks play an important role in connecting communities and sharing information.
The popularity of social networks has created a diverse and rich online environment, influencing the way people consume information and interact with each other.5 million mobile connections are active in Vietnam, equivalent to 169.8% of the total population. This may reflect the popularity of using multiple mobile devices (e. mobile phones, tablets) to access the 3 Internet and various online services. According to social media data statistics, more than half (55%) of users use social media to connect with friends and family, express their interests and engage socially.
In addition, nearly half (48.5%) of users use social media to watch stories, a popular feature on platforms such as Instagram and Facebook that allows sharing short and easily accessible content. Notably, one in three users (31.1%) use social media to watch live broadcasts, a growing trend, especially in the entertainment and sports sectors. This shows users' preference for live content and real- time interaction. Another segment of users (29.6%) also use social media to shop for products.
This demonstrates the important role of e-commerce platforms in creating a convenient and diverse shopping experience. This is also the reason why the demand for advertising products/services on social media has increased sharply. With the above important parameters, it shows that the development of e-commerce channels, or the development of e-commerce through live broadcasting has become an important retail model for businesses trading in goods and services. Therefore, many businesses and retailers have begun to focus on live broadcasting features to improve their sales situation, which is the foundation for expansion and development of a new form of e-commerce, which is live broadcasting commerce (Sun et al.
Therefore, sales businesses need to pay more attention to the behavior or consumption needs of customers on this live broadcasting platform, including an important purchasing behavior that is different from traditional behavior, which is impulse buying behavior, also known as unplanned emotional buying behavior. Impulsive buying is the unplanned or unplanned buying behavior of customers due to stimulation (Xu et al. According to Hausman (2000), in retail sales from sales units, 30 - 50% of the value comes from impulsive buying, of which nearly 90% of customers buy on impulse. In addition, up to 40% of online shopping activities come from impulsive buying.
Therefore, impulsive buying activities contribute greatly to sales for business units, especially in the e-commerce platform and the current popular live broadcast method. Lo et al. (2022), Zhang et al. (2022) argue that the live broadcast method has a great influence on promoting impulsive buying behavior, and the role of the difference of live broadcast activities such as social presence, personalization, and entertainment are aspects that increase customers' impulsive buying behavior (Deng et 4 al., 2022; Cui et al.
These aspects are considered to be the stimulating factors that make customers excited, increase their happy emotions or spontaneous state to lead to purchases, even though those products and services are not yet in their shopping plans, or only appear for the first time in their live broadcasts but still decide to buy. In recent studies, in addition to external stimuli related to marketing stimuli, such as the evaluation of the core product, price, advertising format, convenience of shopping at stores or additional services, etc., impulsive buying behavior is also influenced by factors related to internal cognition and emotions such as trust, perceived value (Ming et al., 2021; Zhang et al., 2022); flow experience (Cui et al., 2022; Dong et al. However, there are issues related to the livestream environment for both sellers and buyers that have not been focused on research, specifically, the scarcity of live broadcast content (in terms of items, sales time, promotions, etc.), indirect experience; On the customer side, there is social interaction and social contagion (Lo et al. In addition, studies often focus mainly on the customer's emotional response, however, in any shopping behavior, in addition to the emotion of liking or disliking, the customer must also be aware of their purchase, or in other words, it is the customer's cognitive response (Lo et al.
Therefore, based on the urgency of practice and the limitations of related studies, the author decided to choose the topic " The relationship between shopping environment factors via livestreams and impulsive shopping behavior of customers in Vietnam ". General Objective The general objective of the thesis is to determine the impact level of shopping environment factors through livestream on cognitive responses, emotional responses and impulse buying behavior of customers in Vietnam. From there, it provides managerial implications to improve customers' impulse buying behavior through livestream. Specific goals Based on the general objective, the thesis addresses The specific objectives are as follows: 5 Identifying the impact between shopping environment factors through livestream on cognitive reaction, affective reaction and impulsive buying behavior of customers in Vietnam.
Measuring the impact level between shopping environment factors through livestream on cognitive reaction, affective reaction and impulsive buying behavior of customers in Vietnam. Measuring the moderating effect of impulse buying tendency on the impact of affective reaction on impulse buying urge and the impact of impulse buying urge on impulse buying behavior of customers in Vietnam. Provide managerial implications for enhancing consumer impulse buying behavior through livestream. Research question The doctoral thesis will answer the following specific research questions: How do the factors of shopping environment through live broadcasting media influence the cognitive reaction, affective reaction and impulsive buying behavior of customers in Vietnam ? What is the level of impact between shopping environment factors through livestream on cognitive reaction, affective reaction and impulsive buying behavior of customers in Vietnam ? What is the moderating effect of impulse buying tendency on the impact of affective reaction on impulse buying urge and the impact of impulse buying urge on impulse buying behavior of customers in Vietnam? What managerial implications are suggested to enhance consumers ' impulsive buying behavior through livestream? 1.
Object and scope of research Research object : The relationship between shopping environment factors via livestreams and impulsive shopping behavior of customers in Vietnam. Research scope : Regarding research space : This research will focus on investigating large cities in Vietnam such as Hanoi, Da Nang, Hue, Ho Chi Minh, Can Tho. These are densely 6 populated cities, in addition, technology development tends to be more continuously updated than other areas of Vietnam. About research time : Primary data collected from customer surveys conducted from January 2024 to March 2024.
Survey subjects : Customers who use the Internet and shop online via live broadcasts on platforms such as Tiktok, Facebook, Shopee,. Research methods Qualitative research methods: This qualitative study was conducted by synthesizing the theoretical framework related to the factors of shopping environment through livestream, cognitive reaction, affective reaction and impulsive buying behavior of customers. At the same time, the research related to the topic was reviewed to identify research gaps and propose a research model suitable for the context in Vietnam.