MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HO CHI MINH CITY OPEN UNIVERSITY PHAN THI HUE THE EFFECTS OF PROJECT-BASED LEARNING ON THE 12th GRADERS’ SPEAKING PERFORMANCE AT THE ASIAN INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL IN HO CHI MINH CITY MASTER OF ARTS IN TESOL Ho Chi Minh City, 2021 Tai Lieu Chat Luong MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HO CHI MINH CITY OPEN UNIVERSITY PHAN THI HUE THE EFFECTS OF PROJECT-BASED LEARNING ON THE 12th GRADERS’ SPEAKING PERFORMANCE AT THE ASIAN INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL IN HO CHI MINH CITY Major: TEACHING ENGLISH TO SPEAKERS OF OTHER LANGUAGES Major code: 8 140 111 MASTER OF ARTS IN TESOL Supervisor: NGUYEN THI XUAN LAN (PhD.) Ho Chi Minh City, 2021 TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC MỞ CỘNG HÒA XÃ HỘI CHỦ NGHĨA VIỆT NAM THÀNH PHỐ HỒ CHÍ MINH Độc lập – Tự do – Hạnh phúc KHOA ĐÀO TẠO SAU ĐẠI HỌC GIẤY XÁC NHẬN Tôi tên là: Phan Thị Huê Ngày sinh: 16/08/1990 Nơi sinh: Bến Tre Chuyên ngành: Mã học viên: 1881401110017 Tôi đồng ý cung cấp toàn văn thông tin luận án/ luận văn tốt nghiệp hợp lệ về bản quyền cho Thư viện trường đại học Mở Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh. Thư viện trường đại học Mở Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh sẽ kết nối toàn văn thông tin luận án/ luận văn tốt nghiệp vào hệ thống thông tin khoa học của Sở Khoa học và Công nghệ Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh. Phan Thị Huê ………………………………… CỘNG HÒA XÃ HỘI CHỦ NGHĨA VIỆT NAM Độc lập – Tự do – Hạnh phúc Ý KIẾN CHO PHÉP BẢO VỆ LUẬN VĂN THẠC SĨ CỦA GIẢNG VIÊN HƯỚNG DẪN Giảng viên hướng dẫn: Nguyễn Thị Xuân Lan Học viên thực hiện: Phan Thị Huê Lớp: MTESOL18 Ngày sinh: 16/08/1990 Nơi sinh: Bến Tre Tên đề tài: “The effects of Project-Based Learning on the 12th graders’speaking performance at the Asian International School in Ho Chi Minh City” Ý kiến của giáo viên hướng dẫn về việc cho phép học viên Phan Thị Huê được bảo vệ luận văn trước Hội đồng:. Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh, ngày…….tháng …… năm 2021 Người nhận xét Nguyễn Thị Xuân Lan STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP I certify that this thesis entitled “The effects of Project-Based Learning on the 12th graders’ speaking performance at the Asian International School in Ho Chi Minh City” is my own work.
Except where reference is made in the text of the thesis, this thesis contains materials published elsewhere or extracted in whole or in part from a thesis by which I have qualified for or been awarded another degree of diploma. No other person’s work has been used without due acknowledgement in the main text of the thesis. This thesis has not been submitted for the award of any degree or diploma in any other tertiary institution. Ho Chi Minh City, 2021 Phan Thi Hue i ACKNOWLEDGEMENT During the time of conducting and completing my thesis, I have received great number of suggestions, helps and encouragements from my beloved people.
I am profoundly grateful to my advisor, Dr. NGUYEN THI XUAN LAN, for her wholehearted support, patience, motivation, and immense knowledge. Her guidance helped me in all the time of research and writing of this thesis. I could not have imagined having a better advisor and mentor for my study.
I am also grateful to Dr. Le Thi Thanh Thu, and Dr. Nguyen Thuy Nga. Their questions and comments in the proposal defense did provide me with a fresher and better look at this research paper.
A very special gratitude goes out to my all students who were willing to take part in my study. My thesis could not have been finished without their great contribution. Finally, last but by no means least, also to my beloved family members, my best colleagues, and my students at the Asian International School, who always stand by my side to support, encourage and motivate me on the progress of conducting this study. Thanks for all your encouragement! ii ABSTRACT The teaching and learning of speaking have received more attention recently by language learners and instructors.
Providing successful speaking performances becomes an expected outcome at which language learners aim since it accelerates the effectiveness of communication in different fields of their life. However, many students have some troubles in speaking as a because of the mismatch between their learning practice and teachers’ teaching strategies and methods. Meanwhile, Project- Based Learning characterizes an effective teaching approach of speaking with the intensive exposure of real-life speaking contexts in order to maximize students’ speaking time through various forms of conservations. Basing on this theoretical background, the current study employs PBL as a teaching approach to improve students’ speaking performance.
The researcher chose to conduct the study at the Asian International School, where she is teaching with the participation of 48 twelfth graders. The aim of the study was to investigate whether PBL has any significant impact on students’ speaking performance and their attitudes towards the use of PBL in teaching speaking. The findings of the study indicate that students achieved improvements in their speaking. The most significants developments includes better performance in the use of language features, the activeness in interaction and students’ interest in real life.
In addition, the questionnaire shows students’ positive attitudes towards PBL with the most agreement on their deisre to continuously learn with the approach, followed by the supports that PBL enhances their interation in speaking, the speaking aspects and their concerns for real life issues. The findings support that Project-Based Learning is an effective teaching- learning approach in improving students’ speaking performance. However, the study consists of limitations as a background for further studies on Project-Based Learning. Background of the study.
Statement of the problem. Organization of the thesis. Teaching speaking skill. The evaluation of students’ speaking performance.
Criteria of evaluating speaking. Using a rubric in evaluating speaking. Project-Based Learning. Definition of Project-Based Learning.
Characteristics of Project-Based Learning. The application of PBL in English speaking teaching. The evolution from CLT into TBLT and into PBL in teaching speaking. Types of project.
The relationship between types of project and teaching speaking. Steps to implement Project-Based Learning in the classroom. Previous studies on effects of Project-Based learning on students’ speaking performance. 32 iv CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY.
Piloting the questionnaire. Data analysis methodology. Quantitative analysis of the speaking tests. Quantitative analysis of the questionnaire.
Reliability and validity. Reliability and validity of the tests. Reliability and validity of the questionnaire. 73 CHAPTER 4: FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS.
The analysis of the speaking tests. Independent sample t-test of the pretest score of CG and EG. Independent sample t-test of the posttest score of the CG and EG. Paired sample t-test of the pretest and posttest of CG.
Paired sample t-test of the pretest and posttest of EG. Paired sample t-test of the pretest and posttest of CG and EG. Analysis of speaking components. Independent sample t-test of each component in the speaking.
80 pretest and posttest. Paired sample t-test of each component in the speaking pretest. The analysis of the questionnaire. Students’ attitudes towards the effects of PBL on their.
Students’ attitudes towards the effects of PBL on the. 87 interaction during their speech. Students’ attitudes towards the desire to learn with PBL. Students’ attitudes towards the desire to learn with PBL.
The effect of Project-Based Learning on learners’ speaking performance 92 4. Learners’ attitudes towards the use of Project-Based Learning in speaking learning process. 97 CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSIONS, LIMITATIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS. Main conclusions of the study.
Contributions and limitations. Recommendations for further studies. 128 vii LIST OF FIGURES Figure 3. The product by group 1 namely “The cries from the 2019 Australian bushfires”.
The product by group 2 namely “Industrialization-a beneficial revolution or a potential disaster”. The product presentation by group 3 namely “Wildlife in help”. The product presentation by group 4 namely “For a green planet”. The product presentation by group 5 namely “Animals are crying”.
Procedure of the project. Mean scores of the speaking pretest and posttest in CG and EG. Mean scores of the speaking component in pretest and posttest of EG. The relationship between the effects of PBL and students’ improvement in speaking.
101 viii LIST OF TABLES Table 3. The research design. Demographic characteristics of the participants. Procedure of activities in speaking classes of CG.
Procedure of activities in speaking classes of EG. Working procedure of the CG and EG. The description of two research instruments. The description of the items in the questionnaire.
Reliability statistics for the pilot questionnaire. Reliability statistics for the questionnaire. Reliability of four themes of questionnaire. Descriptive statistics of the pretest score of CG and EG.
Independent sample t-test of the pretest score of CG and EG. Descriptive statistics of the posttest score of CG and EG. Independent sample t-test of the posttest score of CG and EG. Descriptive statistics of the pretest and posttest score of CG and EG.
Paired sample t-test of the pretest and posttest score of CG. Descriptive statistics of the pretest and posttest of two groups. Paired sample t-test of the pretest and posttest of EG. Descriptive statistics of the pretest and posttest of two groups.
Paired sample t-test of the pretest and posttest of two groups. Descriptive statistics of each component in the speaking pretest and posttest. Independent sample t-test of each component in the speaking pretest and posttest. Descriptive statistics of each component of before and after the treatment.
Paired sample t-test of each speaking component of two groups. Students’ attitudes towards the effects of PBL on their speaking. Students’ attitudes towards the effects of PBL on the interaction. Students’ attitudes towards the effects of PBL on the awareness of real life issues.
Students’ desire of learning with PBL. Average value of Mean and SD in four themes. 91 x LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS CLT Communicative Language Teaching PBL Project-Based Learning CG Control Group EG Experimental Group EFL English as a Foreign Language ESL English as a Second Language MOET Ministry of Education and Training SPSS Statistical Package for the Social Science M Mean value SD Std. Deviation p p-value xi CHAPTER 1.
INTRODUCTION Chapter 1 presents general introduction of the study in six sections. First, the study’s background and the statement of the problem explain the context along with the problems related to teaching and learning speaking, which allow the establishment of the conceptual framework of the current study. Then, the aim of the study, in accordance with two research questions, demonstrates how the researcher carries out the study. In the next section, a hypothesis illustrates a tentative prediction about an expected relationship between the effects of Project-Based Learning on students’ speaking performance.
Finally, there is a section of thesis structure in order to summary the organization of all chapters. Background of the study English has become a lingual franca in the process of international connection, and mastering English is beneficial to many people in different fields. People use English as a means of the intercultural communication, language of business, access to the global entertainment, or basic job requirement (Kachru & Nelson, 1996; Krebt, 2017; Yu, 2019). According to Kachru and Nelson (1996), people learn English for a variety of purposes, and communication more and more becomes a target of many language learners.
A high level of communicative competence in English, therefore, vigorously changes into an emerging demand of language learners to successfully communicate and accommodate themselves to different contexts of this globalized society.