1 BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO ĐẠi HỌC KINH TÉ THÀNH PHÓ HÒ CHÍ MINH BÁO CÁO TỐNG KẾT ĐÈ TÀI NGHIÊN cứu KHOA HỌC THAM GIA XÉT GIẢI THƯỞNG ‘’NHÀ NGHIÊN CỨU TRÉ UEH” NẤM 2024 Understanding the determinants of e-wallet continuance usage intention in of Gen z in Vietnam: A case study of Zalo Pay Thuộc nhóm chuyên ngành : Kinh tế - Kinh doanh quốc tế TP. Hồ Chí Minh, tháng 01/2024 2 ABSTRACT The research paper focuses on exploring the factors that influence sustained loyalty to e-wallets among Gen z users in Vietnam, with a specific focus on Zalo Pay. The research was conducted from September 15th, 2023 through January 29th, 2024, and involved 382 individuals residing and employed in Vietnam, including students, office employees, and individuals from varied backgrounds. The study methodology included administering an online questionnaire and consulting scientific papers, research articles, and academic journals to formulate hypotheses and craft the research framework.
The paper delves into the significance of the Online Customer Experience in the success of e-wallets and its role as a strategic differentiator in online retailing. The conceptual framework outlines hypotheses linking factors such as Price Value, Network Externalities, Perceived Security, Ability to innovate, Hedonic to overall customer experience, and their impact on intentions to use Zalo Pay, Customer Satisfaction and continued usage intentions. Keywords: Gen z, Purchase Intention, Zalo Pay. 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT.
2 TABLE OF CONTENTS. 3 LIST OF TABLES.4 LIST OF FIGURES. 5 LIST OF ACRONYMS.5 RESEARCH CONTENT INTRODUCTION. Object and Scope of Research.
LITERATURE REVIEW HYPOTHESIS. 11 Online customer experience. Price Value and Customer Experience. Network Externalities and Customer Experience.
Perceived Security and CustomerExperience. Ability to innovate and Customer Experience. Hedonic and Customer Experience. Customer Experience and Intention to use.
Customer Experience and Continued UsageIntention. Customer Experience and Customer Satisfaction. Intention to use and Continued UsageIntention. Customer Satisfaction and Continued Usage Intention.
The Moderator Effect of Government Support. Summary of Hypothesis. Definition of Variables. Data Analysis Results.
Assessment of Structural Model. The Influences of Control Variables. 34 CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATION. Evaluate the contribution.
Limitations and Future Research. 42 LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Definition of Variables.18 Table 2: Characteristics of Respondents. 23 Table 3: Assessment of constructs.25 Table 4: Fornell-Larcker Criterion.27 Table 5: Table of results according to HTMT. 28 Table 6: Table of results according to VIF.
29 Table 7: Table of bootstrapping evaluation results.30 Table 8: Results of assessing the influence of control variables. 32 5 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Conceptual framework. 18 LIST OF ACRONYMS NO. ACRONYMS EXPLAIN 1 AVE Average Variance Extracted 2 CA Composite Reliability 3 CR Cronbach's Alpha 4 ECM Expectation Confrmation Model 6 RESEARCH CONTENT INTRODUCTION 1.
Research Overview In the current digital era, thousands of businesses are constantly seeking innovative digital marketing strategies and technologies to connect with customers and strengthen brand recognition. A key aspect includes determining the factors that drive continued loyal usage.E-wallets have emerged as an important player in bringing technological solutions to life, especially popular apps like Zalo Pay in Vietnam. According to the Digital Consumer Report from Decision Lab and Vietnam Mobile Marketing Association, Zalo Pay has one of the highest penetration rales among the county's leading e-wallet options. Online payments have gained momentum due to their convenience and flexibility.
Since launching in 2017, ZaloPay has steadily cemented its position in Vietnam's growing fintech sector. The platform has also earned trust among Gen z users for its reliability. Beyond widespread adoption, ZaloPay has enhanced its brand image among consumers. Therefore, this research aims to explore the key motivations that influence Gen Z's intentions to continuously use e-wallets in Vietnam, using Zalo Pay as a case study.
Through in-depth analysis, the study seeks to uncover the underlying drivers that make users find the service effective and worth repealing long-term engagement. The goal is to gain nuanced insights into sustained loyalty in this dynamic digital payments landscape. The conceptual framework outlines hypotheses linking drivers of customer experience - such as discounts, network size, security, innovation, and enjoyment - to overall experience (Hoang, 2022). It then explores how experience influences intentions to use Zalo Pay, intentions for continued usage, and satisfaction levels.
The relationships between intentions to use and continued usage intentions, as well as between satisfaction and continued usage intentions, are also hypothesized (Pham & 7 Le, 2021). Additionally, the research proposes that government support may moderate the link between intentions to use and continued usage intentions (Minh, 2018). A survey will be conducted of Zalo Pay users to gather data, as Dang (2020) described. Established scales from prior work (Huynh, 2019) will be adapted to measure the different factors.
Data analysis will involve descriptive statistics, reliability and validity testing, plus regression techniques like multiple regression, mediation analysis, and moderation analysis to evaluate the proposed relationships (Ha & Vu, 2015). The findings aim to provide useful insights for digital wallet providers to better understand what shapes positive customer experiences and how experience impacts key behaviors (Doan, 2014). It will also examine the role of external influences such as government policy. The results could help apps boost experiences, satisfaction levels, and regular ongoing use for customers (Yen, 2023).
Research Rationale E-wallets have become a popular payment method, especially in developing markets with large unbanked populations. In Vietnam specifically, Zalo Pay has seen significant growth among users in recent years (Nguyen & Dang, 2022). However, more research is needed to understand what really drives positive customer experiences and continued usage of these digital wallet platforms (Pham, 2021). Knowing this can help companies improve user retention and participation over the long run.
While past studies have looked at factors influencing technology adoption, e wallets and Vietnam's context have received less focused attention (Le & Nguyen, 2019). This leaves gaps in our current understanding that this study aims to address. Identifying experience drivers tailored for e-wallets' unique benefits, like discounts, network size and security concerns, can provide more nuanced and useful insights (Thai & Nguyen, 2018). Furthermore, it's important to explore how experience tics to intentions and sustained continual long-term use, but these links are still underexplored (Huynh & 8 Doan, 2017).
The research model incorporates key outcomes of use intentions, continued use intentions, and satisfaction to develop a more holistic picture. The potential moderating role of government support also warrants investigation given its impact on digital payment uptake (Minh & Dang, 2015). However, few studies have looked al this relationship specifically. The conceptual framework and hypotheses are grounded in established theories yet adapted for e-wallets and Vietnam.
Employing a quantitative survey of Zalo Pay consumers will generate robust, generalizable findings. Research Objectives The current study aims to address gaps in the existing literature on experiential software through a comparative examination of various ZaloPay platforms. It strives to improve understanding of experiential value and purchase intention among Vietnamese consumers by exploring the following research questions: 1. How does interaction with different ZaloPay platforms (such as games, retail, tourism) influence users’ perception of experiential value? Previous work has primarily focused on singular use cases; comparing multiple platforms could provide novel insights.
In what ways do dimensions of perceived experiential value, such as enjoyment, customization, and immersion, affect users’ willingness to purchase items through the ZaloPay apps? Quantifying these relationships would be practically informative. How do individual factors like demographic characteristics, technology usage habits, and lifestyle preferences impact the experiential value gained and purchase intentions formed from interacting with ZaloPay's platforms? Accounting for user diversity could yield more nuanced findings. Does the effect of experiential value on purchase intentions vary across the distinct ZaloPay contexts under investigation? Unpacking differences in 9 experiential impact based on application type presents an opportunity to advance situation-specific understanding. Research Methodology This study will employ a quantitative approach involving a structured survey to collect data from Vietnamese consumers about their experiences with ZaloPay beauty apps and resulting purchase intentions.
Regression and mediation analyses will be used to test the relationships between variables based on nine measurement scales adapted from prior relevant research (Nguyen & Tran, 2023; Le & Bui, 2022; Vu et., 2021; Nguyen, 2020; Phan & Nguyen, 2019). Specifically, information provision, personalization, interactivity, novelty, and spatial ability will each be measured separately in this study. Further literature has also examined the link between brand engagement and purchase intention, as well as relationships involving hedonic, utilitarian, and brand engagement dimensions (Hoang & Mai, 2018). All items will utilize a standard 5-point Likert agreement scale.
Additionally, since demographic characteristics have been shown to influence online buying habits (Dang & Vu, 2017), age, gender, and education level will be controlled for in the analysis to account for potential covariance with other variables. Through quantitative survey data and statistical analyses, this research aims to empirically test hypotheses about factors shaping the experiential value derived from ZaloPay beauty apps and consequent purchase intentions reported by Vietnamese app users. In so doing, it strives to advance theoretical and practical understanding of engagement and monetization within the digital beauty domain. Object and Scope of Research 5.
Research Object A group of scholars collaboratively worked on this research endeavor. They adapted measurement tools from past related work to adequately match the goals of the 10 current study. Employing a quantitative methodology, the researchers sought to examine how augmented reality features in beauty apps may impact purchase behaviors among users in Vietnam.The study involved surveying individuals between the ages of 12 and 25. Through collecting their perspectives on experiencing augmented reality within beauty software, the aim was to see if this virtual try-on functionality could influence their willingness to make purchases.By quantitatively assessing this cohort of Vietnamese youths in relation to variables adapted from literature, the team hoped to provide useful findings around how augmented experiences shape intention towards real spending within the digital beauty sector.
Their collaborative and methodical approach centered on crafting a survey aligned with objectives, administering it to a targeted sample, and statistically analyzing the results. Research Scope Data was gathered for this research from September 15th through January 29th of 2024. The sample consisted of 382 individuals residing and employed in Vietnam, inclusive of students, office employees, and those from varied backgrounds. Study involvement entailed completing an online questionnaire.
Resources consulted in the planning process included scientific papers, research articles, and academic journals accessed through reliable databases and platforms. Subsequent to performing an exhaustive literature review on pertinent factors, the study formulated hypotheses and outlined the research methodology. A wide array of previous scholarly sources informed initial topic understanding and tool development. Distinct phases incorporated crafting hypotheses after reviewing existing work and designing the methodological approach.
LITERATURE REVIEW HYPOTHESIS 2. Theoretical basis Online customer experience The significance of the Online Customer Experience in the success of e-wallets and its role as a strategic differentiator in online retailing has been extensively studied. Klaus (2013) describes the Online Customer Experience as customers' overall perception of their online interactions, while Rose et al. (2012) define it as a psychological slate that is subjectively experienced in response to a website.
However, these definitions primarily focus on the consumer's interaction with the website (Wolfinbarger and Gilly, 2003), which reflects the conceptualization of Online Customer Experience as a "flow experience" (Izogo and Jayawardhena, 2018). Researchers in the field of Online Customer Experience have used this concept of flow as a basis for their investigations (Rose et al. Flow is characterized by a high level of skill and control, focused attention, interactivity, and telepresence during online transactions or navigation (Novak et al. However, it can be argued that researchers have placed relatively more emphasis on the objective features of interactivity and telepresence achieved during the state of flow (Kawaf and Tagg, 2017) rather than focusing on the subjective nature of the customer's experience.
Price Value and Customer Experience In general, information and communication technology (ICT) has proven to be more beneficial and cost-effective compared to other available alternatives.