BO GIAO DUC VA DAO TAO DAI HOC QLOC GIA HA NOI TRirdNG D.\I HOC KHOA HOC TlTNHIEN LE THI \ INK NGHIEN ClfU ST; TAO PHLfC CUA SAT (EI) Y&L 1- (S - PYRIDYI.AZO)- 2 - NAPHTHOL TRONG DUNG DICH mJOC VA KHA NANG IfNG DUNG VAO PHAN TiCH Chuyen nganh: Hoa phan tich Ma so: 01. 03 LUAN AN THAC SI KHOA HOC HOA HOC Giao vien huong d§n: GS.TS Lam Ngoc Thu HANOI 11-1999 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com MUC LUC MCfDAU 1 PHANI. Tinh chat va cac iJng dung ciia sat 2 1. Mot sotinh chat quan trong ciia sk 2 1.
Mot so ling dung cua sSt 3 1. Cac phuang phap tach va lam giau sat 4 1. Phuang phap ket tua 5 1. Cac phuang phap do mau de' xac dinh sat 5 1.
Mot so loai thuoc thu thuang duac sudung 5 1. Thuoc thu thioxyanal 5 1. Thuoc thu 0-Phenanlrolin 7 1. Thuoc thuaxit sunlosalixilic 8 1.
Thuoc ihu Mccaplo axetal 8 1. Thuoc thu dipyridin - glioxal - dithioscmicabazon 9 1. Thuoc thu 2 axetyl - pyridazin 9 1. Thuoc thu bato - phenantrolin 9 1.
Thuoc thuformyl desoxybenzoin 9 1. Thuoc thu 3 - metoxynitro sophenol 10 1. Thuoc thuetylen-chamin-bis-sunfosalisilic - andehit 10 1. Thuoc thu sufn- fcnyl - 2 - piridin- ketoxim 10 1.
Mot so loai thuoc thu moi 11 1. Thuoc thu PAN 16 PHANIl.KV THlATTHirc N(JHIEM 19 2. Hoa chat can thiet 19 2. Dicu chc dung dich chuan sdt (III) 19 2.
Dicu chc dung dich chuiui PAN 19 2. Ky ihual chict 20 PHAN III. NGHIEN CUD SI T.\0 PHUC GIUA SAl (III) - PAN 21 3. Khao sal su tao phuc cua sfit (111) vai PAN 21 3.
Khao sat ph6 cua thuoc ihu va pho cua phuc 21 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail. Khao sat pho hap thu cua thuoc thu 21 3. Khao sat pho hap thu cua phuc Fe(lll) - PAN 21 3. Khao sat anh huang pH den sir tao phiic 22 3.
Khao sat anh huang cua thai gian den su tao phuc 24 3. Xac dinh thanh phan cua phuc 25 3. Phuang phapdong phan tu gam 25 3. Phuang phap ty so'mol 27 3.
Khao sat khoang tuan theo dinh luat Beer 28 3. Khao sat cac ion can 30 3. Xac dinh sat (111) trong mSu gia 31 3. Chuan bi mSu gia 32 3.
Xac dinh sat (III) trong mSu gia bang phuang phap them 32 3. Xac dinh sat (111) trong mau gia bang phuang phap duang chualn 34 3. Chon phuang phap xac dinh 36 3. Khao sat kha nang chicl cua phii'c 36 3.
Khao sat kha nang trao doi tren nhua anion cua phuc 37 3. Mot so ket luan ve phuc Fe(III) - PAN 38 PHAN IV.NGHIEN ClOJ SlJ DUNG PHlTC SAT (III) - PAN VAO MUC DICH PHAN TICH 39 4. Xac dinh vi luang sat bang phuang phap chiet trac quang 39 4. Khao sat pho ciia thuoc thu va phiic trong tuang huu ca 39 4.1 Khao sat ph6 hap thu ciia thuoc thu trong tuang huu ca 39 4.
Khao sat pho ciia phuc trong tuang huu ca 40 4. Khao sat anh huang ciia pH den qua trinh chiet 41 4. Khao sat anh huang ciia dung moi den qua trlnh chiet 42 4. Xac dinh hieu suat chiet 45 4.
Xay dung duang chuan 46 4. Xac dinh ham luang l-c(IIi) irong mau gia bang phuang phap chiet trac quang 48 4. Xac dinh ham luang sat trong nuac cat 1 Ian bang phuang phap chiet trac quang 49 4. Xac dinh ham luong Fc(II) va Fe(lll) trong nuac ngam 50 4.
Cach lay m^u va xir ly mau 50 4. Xac dinh ham luong Fc(III) trong mau 50 4. Xac dinh ham luami Fe(II) irons mfiu 51 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail. Khao sat ph6 hap thu cua thuoc thir 21 3.
Khao sat ph6 hap thu ciia phuc Fe(III) - PAN 21 3. Khao sat anh huang pH den su tao phuc 22 3. Khao sat anh huang cua thai gian den su tao phuc 24 3. Xac dinh thanh phan cua phiic 25 3.
Phuang phap d6ng phan tirgam 25 3. Phuang phap ty so'mol 27 3. Khao sat khoang tuan theo dinh luat Beer 28 3. Khao sat cac ion can 30 3.
Xac djnh sat (III) trong mau gia 31 3. Chuan bi mau gia 32 3. Xac dinh sat (III) trong mau gia bang phuang phap them 32 3. Xac dinh sat (III) trong mau gia bang phuang phap duang chuan 34 3.
Chon phuang phap xac dinh 36 3. Khao sat kha nang chiet ciia phiic 36 3. Khao sat kha nang trao doi tren nhua anion ciia phuc 37 3. Mot so ket luan ve phiic Fe(III) - PAN 38 PHAN IV.NGHIEN CUU SlfDUNG PHlfC SAT (III) - PAN VAO MUC DICH PHAN TICH 39 4.
Xac dinh vi luang sat bang phuong phap chiet trac quang 39 4. Khao sat pho ciia thuoc thii* va phii'c trong tuang hiiu co 39 4.1 Khao sat ph6 hap thu ciia thuoc thii* trong tuang huu co 39 4. Khao sat ph6 ciia phiic trong tuang huu ca 40 4. Khao sat anh huang ciia pH den qua trinh chiet 41 4.
Khao sat anh huang cua dung moi den qua trinh chiet 42 4. Xac dinh hieu suat chiet 45 4. Xay dung duang chuan 46 4. Xiic dinh ham luong IxMllI) trong mau gia bang phuang phap chiet trac quang 48 4.
Xac dinh ham luang sat trong nuoc cat 1 Ian bang phuang phap chiet trac quang 49 4. Xac dinh ham luong Fc(ll) va Fe(IlI) trong nuac ngam 50 4. Cach lay mau xa xir ly mau 50 4. Xac dinh ham luong Fc(lII) trong mau 50 4.
Xac dinh ham lirang Fe(Il) irone miiu 51 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail. NGHIEN CCX CO CHE PHAN CSG TAO PHUC GIUA ION FEdlll-PAN XAC fi^HK,, 53 5.1-Xay dung phuong trinh xac dinh cache 53 5. Cac phuang trinh tao phuc h\drox cua ion Fe(III) 53 5. Can bang phan ly cua thuoc thu PAN (HR) 54 5.
Phan ung giija Fe(III) \ai PAN 54 5. Xay dung duang bieu dien mat do quang vao pH ciia dung dich 55 5. Xac dinh hang so khong h6n K^^ 58 KET LUAN CHUNG 59 TAI LifiUTHAM KHAO 60 Phan tieng Viet 60 Phan tieng Anh 61 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com MODfia Ngay nay, khi khoa hoc ky thuat phat trien manh me \'a ban than cac nguyen to vi lugng giu mot vai tro quan trong doi voi sir phat trien ciia dong thuc vat, viec thiia hoac thieu cac nguyen to vi luong deu khong co Igi cho doi song ciia chiing. Sat la m<3t nguyen to co tam quan trong doi v6\ nhieu nganh khoa hoc.
Sat va cac hgp chat ciia no co mat 6 hau het cac nganh cong nghiep va co gia tri Ion trong cac kim loai khai thac dugc. Ngoai ra, sat con la nguyen to khong the thieu dugc trong co the ciia dong thuc vat noi chung va con nguoi noi rieng. Trong co the con nguoi, lugng sat chiem til 0,006% den 0,007%) trong lugng co the. Lugng sat thijra hay thieu trong co the d6u co the' gay ra mot so benh nhu: so gan, huyet cip, thieu mau.
Trong co the ciia tre em dang Ion neu thieu mot lugng sat can thici cho CO the co the gay cho trc phat trien thi(:'u can doi va lam cho chi so thong minh se giam hoac gay ra mot so benh ve rang va mau. Do vay, vice xac dinh sat trong cac doi tugng la rat can thiet. Co rat nhieu phuong phap xac dinh sat, tuy tung loai mau ma nguoi ta sir dung cac phuong phap khac nhau nhu: phuong phap the' tich, phuong phap trong lugng, phuong phap trac quang va mgl so phuong phap hoa ly khac. Phuong phap trac quang la phuong phap thuong dugc su dung nhi^u vi phuong phap nay xet ve nhi6u mat thi no co nhung uu diem noi bat nhu: do lap lai ciia phep do cao, do chinh xac va do nhay dat yeu cau phan tich.
Mat khac, phuong phap nay voi cac phuong lien may moc khong qua dat, d^ bao quan, cho gia thanh phan tich re, phu hgp \di yeu cau cung nhu dieu kien ciia cac phong thi nghiem nuoc ta hien nay. Vi va\', chung toi chon phuong phap trac quang de nghien ciiu sir tao phuc ciia sal (III) voi thuoc thu PAN va xay dung phuong phap xac dinh Fc (III) trong nuoc. Ban luan xan na\- duoc thuc hien duoi sir huong dan ciia GS.TS Lam Ngoc Thu, Thac sT Nguyen Pham Ha tai phong thi nghiem VSL \'a Trung tam Hoa moi truong - Khoa Hoa - Trudng DH Khoa hoc tu nhicn -DH Quoc gia Ha noi. LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com CHUONGI JONG QUAN 1.
Tinh chat va cac urng dung cua sdt 1. Mot so tinh chat quan trong cua sat Sat la mot kim loai co boat tinh hoa hoc trung binh. Trong khong khi kho sat bi thu dong, nhung trong khong khi im sSt dl bj oxy hoa va bi phu mot lop sat hydrat hoa mau nau, xop nen khong bao ve duoc sat khoi bi oxy hoa tiep tuc 14]. Khi dun nong, sat tac dung v6i hau het cac phi kim [1].
Sat tao thanh day hgp chat sat (II) va sat (III) [43] Muoi sat (II) dugc lao thanh khi hoa tan sat vao trong ciic dung dich axit nitric. Quan trgng nhat la sat (III) sunfat hoac sat cuporot FeS04.7H20 Khi sat tac dung voi axit sunfuaric 20 - 30% thi phan ung xay ra: Fe + H.T Neu dun sat cuporot (FeS04.7H20) thi nuoc thoat ra ta thu dugc khoi mau trang khan FeS04. 0 nhiet do Ion hon 480'^C thi muoi khan nay se bi phan huy [3]. Hydroxit sat (II) Fe(0H)2 de trong khong khi se bi oxy hoa chuyen thanh hydroxit sat (III) Fe(OH), mau nau do.
co cau hinh bat dien. Ngoai ra sat con co so phoi tri la 4 co cau hinh tu dien nhu: FeC^" ; [Fe(CN)J-. [34] LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com Phuc dien hinh ciia sat la K4[Fe(CN)6] .O ket tinh mau vang dl tan trong nuoc. Day la thuoc thii, dac trung diing de nhan biet ion Fe (III).
Khi co mat ion Fe (III) se tao thanh ket tiia mau xanh Berlin, phan ung xay ra theo phuong trinh: 4Fe-^^ + 3[Fe(CN)J = Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3 i Moi truong gay anh huong rat nhieu den qua trinh oxy hoa sat (II) len sat (III). Trong moi truong axit ion sat (II) ben hon la moi trudng kiem, trong moi truong ki6m sat (II) chong bi oxi hoa len sat (III). 6H2O - Muoi Mohr [1] Ion sat (III) va hgp chat cua no rat pho bien. Trong dung dich no co mau vang nhat va d^ dang thiiy phan cho ta dung dich mau vang nau.
Day la mot dac diem quan trong ciia ion sat (III). to 2Fe(OH)3 ^Fe^O^+SH^O Oxit sat (III) khong tan trong nuoc, co the tan mot phan trong kiem dac hay cacbonathydrazin; hydroquinon; hydroiodua. Khi no tac dung voi ion sat (II) cho ket tiia dac trung mau xanh tuyec - bin.