VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES BUI THI NGOC HA DEVELOPING FLUENCY IN SPOKEN ENGLISH OF THE 10TH GRADERS VIA INTERVIEWING TECHNIQUE: AN ACTION RESEARCH PROJECT AT A HIGH SCHOOL IN BAC GIANG PROVINCE kỹ thuật phóng vấn: Một dự án nghiên cứu hành động tại một trường THPT tỉnh Bắc Giang M. MINOR PROGRAMME THESIS Major : English Language Teaching Methodology Code : 8140231.01 Hanoi, 2023 VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES BUI THI NGOC HA DEVELOPING FLUENCY IN SPOKEN ENGLISH OF THE 10TH GRADERS VIA INTERVIEWING TECHNIQUE: AN ACTION RESEARCH PROJECT AT A HIGH SCHOOL IN BAC GIANG PROVINCE Phát triển sự trôi chảy trong nói tiếng Anh của hoc sinh lop 10 thông qua kỹ thuật phỏng vẫn: Một dự án nghiên cứu hành động tại M. MINOR PROGRAMME THESIS Major : English Language Teaching Methodology Code : 8140231. Tran Thanh Nhan Hanoi, 2023 DECLARATION OF AUTHORSHIP I certify that no part of the thesis entitled “Developing fluency in spoken English of the 10th graders via interviewing technique: an action research project at a high school in Bac Giang province” has been copied or reproduced by me from any other works without acknowledgement.
It is the result of my own original research under strict guidance of my supervisor. Hanoi, 2023 Student’s signature Bui Thi Ngoc Ha Approved by SUPERVISOR (Signature and full name) Dr. Tran Thanh Nhan Date: 01/4/2024 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Words cannot express my gratitude tomy professor Tran Thanh Nhan for her invaluable patience and feedback.I also could not have undertaken this journey without my defense committee, who generously provided knowledge and expertise. I am also grateful to my classmates and cohort members, especially my friend Nguyen Thuy Dung, for their editing meticulous proofreading, late- night feedback sessions, and moral support.
Thanks should also go to the librarians, research assistants, and study participants from the university, who impacted and inspired me. Lastly, I would be remiss in not mentioning my family, especially my parents, spouse, and children. Their belief in me has kept my spirits and motivation high during this process. I would also like to thank my cat for all the entertainment and emotional support.
Hanoi,2023 ii ABSTRACT This action research study focuses on enhancing Grade 10 students' speaking fluency at a high school in Bac Giang province through the implementation of interviewing techniques. The research, conducted in two cycles, involves identifying and addressing the problem, planning and implementing the action, observing and reflecting on the outcomes, and revising the plan accordingly. Data collection methods include surveys, observations, and interviews, with qualitative data gathered through interviewing, observing, and filming, and quantitative data analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results encompass improvements in students’ speaking skills, expanded vocabulary and structural competence, reduced anxiety in organizing and developing ideas logically.
This study is expected to be significant to both teachers and students in teaching and learning English speaking. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION OF AUTHORSHIP .- ceccceseeceseeeeseeeesseeesaeessaeessaeessaeeee il ABSTRACT.- - - Gàh 1H LIST OF TABLES AND CHART.- -- S ecsneeeseeeeneeeeneeenaees Vii CHAPTER 1. Problems Sfaf€ermei(. Aim and objectives of the SfUỈy.
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The organization of the Study. Definition of speaking. The importance of teaching speaking:. Formal and informal learning.
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Findings students’ improvement:. Finding students’ view the use of interviewing technique:. The effectiveness of interviewing technique in improving students’ Speaking COMPCteNCe. The students’ attitudes towards interviewing technique.
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION. Limitations nh an.- HH TH TH HH HH HH 49 APPENDIX VI LIST OF TABLES AND CHART Table 4.1 The rate percentage and frequency of pre-test score in_students’ Table 4.3 The mean score and standard deviation of the students’ fluency.4 Distribution the value of t-test and t-table in pre-test and post-test 35 Table 4. Students’ opinion on the benefit(s) of interviewing technique in English speaking leSSOMs 11777 am.6: Students’ responses about improving aspects of speaking skills .1: Students' attitude towards interviewing technique.2: Students' attitude towards the application of interviewing teaching 0N 50001).3: Students’ opinion about interviewing technique creating optimal environment to practice speaking English .4: Students’ opinions about using interviewing technique in UMPTOVING FLUCNCY 1. Background knowledge We utilize language to interact with one another and because it helps us express our feelings, share knowledge, and brainstorm among other things, it is one of the most important things in our lives as humans.
Every nation on the globe has a unique language that defines it. English is now formally recognized as the global language that unites all nations in the twenty-first century. On the other hand, English serves a different purpose in every nation. Like how English is not a mother tongue but rather a foreign language in Viet Nam.
And this is one of the reasons why it's still tough for Vietnamese to speak English fluently. English is now being taught in schools everywhere. from elementary school through university. In English, underline the four crucial components such as Listening, Reading, Writing and Speaking.
Speaking, listening, reading, and writing are the four language abilities that students should be proficient in when learning and teaching English as a foreign language (EFL). Then, they are separated into two categories of abilities, referred to as productive and perceptive, with listening falling under the latter category. Teachers put a host of effort into using cutting-edge teaching strategies that aim to maximize the involvement of students and make them the center of the educational process in the classroom. However, the norm in the classroom is for the teacher to provide the knowledge in a straight lecture, conversation, or sterile debate while the student serves as a defiantly passive recipient (Mestre, 2001).
Additionally, traditional approaches ignore the variations among students. based on the premise that all pupils have equal capacity for learning (McCarthy, 1990; Kolb, 1984). Speaking ability is the most crucial of the four language abilities in terms of languages in general and English in particular, because communicating with others is the main goal of learning a language. Speaking English well allows us to convey our ideas and opinions with other foreigners or achieve our goals on the international stage in this age of globalization where English is the most widely spoken language.
Therefore, acquiring speaking skills is essential in today's global society. According to Parupalli [. Rao] (2019), teachers must be aware of the difficulties faced by English language learners (ELLs) and work to adopt a variety of teaching strategies to improve their students’ speaking abilities in the English classroom. According to Samida and Grace (2014), the TIMSS (2011) study emphasizes the need of effective teaching strategies and learning opportunities that are aligned with the mind's activation to conduct research and address issues.
It also supports the idea that learning strategies based on theories of the mind and how students process information and scientific ideas are necessary for effective learning (Cuthbert, 2005; Bawaneh, 2012). This study intended to employ interviewing as a teaching strategy to improve students’ speaking abilities considering these suggestions. According to observation and personal experience, many pupils in Grade 10 at a high school in the province of Bac Giang have had trouble becoming more fluent in speaking English. They struggle with making longer or more complex phrases, expressing ideas, learning syntax and structure, having a limited vocabulary, pronouncing words correctly, and their largest challenge is figuring out how to improve their speaking ability.
A new teaching strategy must be developed by educators to address the aforementioned issues considering the current circumstances. The interviewing technique is intended to address and enhance a student's speaking ability. Problems Statement The study's goal is to determine whether or not the interviewing method is beneficial in helping students in Grade 10 in the province of Bac Giang enhance their speaking fluency due to all the issues and factors described above. Additionally, the study aims to examine students' attitudes toward the interviewing technique in English listening practice in comparison to other methods they have used, as well as their difficulties when utilizing the interviewing technique to practice speaking.
The researcher uses the null and alternative hypotheses to weigh evidence for and against using a statistical test, in which Null hypothesis (H0) means there is no effect in the students while Alternative hypothesis (Ha or H1) aims for there is an effect in the students. If the sample provides enough evidence against the claim that there’s no effect in the population (p < a), then we can reject the null hypothesis. Otherwise, we fail to reject the null hypothesis. The alternative hypothesis (Ha) is the other answer to your research question.
It claims that there’s an effect in the population. The alternative hypothesis is the complement to the null hypothesis. Null and alternative hypotheses are exhaustive, meaning that together they cover every possible outcome. They are also mutually exclusive, meaning that only one can be true at a time.
Aim and objectives of the study This study aims at examining the effectiveness of using interviewing technique on improving student’s speaking fluency in speaking lesson. This overall aim can be achieved through the following objectives: 1.To find out and to what extent interviewing technique improve students’ speaking fluency of Grade 10 students at a high school in Bac Giang province. To find out students’ attitudes towards the use of interviewing technique in speaking lessons. Research questions To accomplish the objectives, the answers to the following questions are sought: I, What extent interviewing technique improve learners’ speaking fluency? 2, What are students’ attitudes towards the use of interviewing technique? 1.
The scope of the study In this study, the changes in students’ attitudes and teaching methods have been well documented, and the impact of interviewing techniques in teaching and learning English to Grade 10 students is clearly performed. The aim of this study is to report on students’ changes in attitude and motivation when applying interviewing method in learning English. The scope of the study is limited to recruiting 34 volunteers at the age of 15 who are experienced using interviewing technique in learning English. This experiment period will last for a maximum of 2 months.
Each student will be asked to join the experiment English class using the interviewing method to evaluate any changes in their learning process. Significance of the Study The purpose of this project is to improve the English-speaking skills of high school students in Bac Giang by using a cutting-edge instructional strategy built on a solid theoretical foundation and designed to maximize brain activity. Therefore, stakeholders might take the study's findings into account when developing curricula and textbooks and hosting workshops to train teachers and educators in interviewing techniques. Instruction can help teachers use these tools in the classroom effectively.
The study's attempt to use students' mental lists of interview questions not only for student evaluation but also for teaching how to use them effectively when studying diverse subjects is another aspect that makes it relevant. When teachers conduct this study, they will expect to introduce some suggestion in English language teaching quality.