THU DAU MOT UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES KHAU HOANG KIM THU DIFFICULTIES IN SPEAKING ENGLISH ENCOUNTERED BY ADULT STUDENTS: A CASE STUDY AT THU DAU MOT UNIVERSITY MAJOR: ENGLISH LANGUAGE MAJOR CODE: 8220201 MASTER THESIS IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE BINH DUONG - 2022 THU DAU MOT UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES KHAU HOANG KIM THU DIFFICULTIES IN SPEAKING ENGLISH ENCOUNTERED BY ADULT STUDENTS: A CASE STUDY AT THU DAU MOT UNIVERSITY MAJOR: ENGLISH LANGUAGE MAJOR CODE: 8220201 MASTER THESIS IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE Supervised by TRAN THANH DU, Ph.D BINH DUONG - 2022 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS To begin, I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to my supervisor, Dr. Tran Thanh Du, for his insightful comments and for devoting his valuable time to read my thesis with great care. I am very appreciative of the unwavering sympathy and persistent encouragement that he has given me thus far. I am truly grateful to my colleagues at Thu Dau Mot University's Office, particularly Mr.
Tran Van Nam. They took on a large portion of my job, allowing me extra time to complete this thesis. Additionally, I would like to express my gratitude to my Faculty of Foreign Languages colleagues for supplying information and assisting me in the data collection process. My special thanks go out to two of my closest friends, Ms.
Tong Thi Phuong Thao and Ms. Do Thi Thanh Thuan, who have constantly accompanied me throughout my thesis, sharing experiences and offering helpful advice. I owe a great deal to my parents, who have always been unflinchingly supportive and understanding, allowing me to devote all of my time to finishing my thesis. i STATEMENT OF ORIGINALITY I certify that the intellectual content of the thesis “Difficulties in Speaking English encountered by Adult students: A case study at Thu Dau Mot University” is the product of my own work and it does not contain materials written or has been published by other people and other people’s ideas except the information from the references.
This thesis has not been submitted for the award of any degree or diploma in any other institution. Binh Duong, January 2022 Signature Khau Hoang Kim Thu ii RETENTION OF USE I hereby state that I, Khau Hoang Kim Thu, being a candidate for the degree of Master of English Language accept the requirements of the University relating to the retention and use of Master’s Theses deposited in the Library. In this regard, I agree that the original of my Master’s thesis deposited in the Library should be accessible for purposes of study and research. Binh Duong, January 2022 Signature Khau Hoang Kim Thu iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements.
i Statement of originality. ii Retention of use. iii Table of contents. iv List of abbreviations.
vii List of tables. viii List of charts. Background to the study. Statement of the problem.
Aims of the study. Significance of the study. Scope of the study. Organization of the study.
Definition of speaking. Types of speaking performance. Factors affecting speaking skills. Difficulties in speaking.
Principles for teaching speaking and speaking activities in language classrooms. Principles for teaching speaking. Speaking activities in language classrooms. In the world.
Data analysis tool. Data analysis procedure. 37 CHAPTER 4 FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS. The results from survey.
English speaking difficulties. The impact of linguistic, psychological and background knowledge difficulties in comparison. Personal solutions to develop speaking skills. The results from interview.
Difficulties in speaking English. Solutions to develop English speaking skills. The results from class observation. 73 CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS.
For Faculty of Foreign Languages and English language Program. Limitations of the study and recommendation for further research .1 Appendix 1: The curriculum program. 1 Appendix 3: Interview questions for students .1 Appendix 4: Interview questions for lecturers. 1 Appendix 5: Interview results about difficulties in speaking english.
1 Appendix 6: Observation checklist. 1 vi LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AUN The ASEAN University Network CDIO Conceive Design Implement Operate Initiative EFL English as a Foreign Language L1 First language MOET Ministry of Education and Training TDMU Thu Dau Mot University vii LIST OF TABLES Table 3. Design of the questionnaire. The observation checklist.
Gap widths of 5-points likert scale. Gap widths of 6-points likert scale. Percentage of people who want to attend postgraduate programs. Students’ English speaking ability.
Frequency of participating in speaking activities. Descriptive statistics of Linguistic difficulties. Survey data on Linguistic difficulties. Descriptive statistics of Psychological difficulties.
Survey data on Psychological difficulties. The impact of each type of difficulties in comparison. Descriptive statistics of solutions to develop speaking skills. The frequency of various types of difficulties.
70 viii LIST OF CHARTS Chart 4. English learning process of adult students. Purposes of learning English. The workplace of adult students.
Frequency of using English. Students’ English speaking ability in particular situations. Frequency of participating in each speaking activity. Studying vocabulary and expressions.
Practicing speaking exercises in textbook. Practicing speaking via apps or websites. Talking directly with foreigners. Chatting with foreigners via social networks.
Hanging out with people who want to practice speaking. Practicing singing English songs. Joining English clubs. Joining specialized courses in English speaking and reflex.
Practicing thinking in English. 69 ix ABSTRACT For the purpose of discovering and analyzing the difficulties in learning speaking skills faced by adult English-majored students at Thu Dau Mot University (TDMU), a mixed-method study of both quantitative and qualitative designs is carried out. The sample includes 152 students and 5 lecturers in charge of the course. With the data collected through the questionnaire survey, the interview, and the observation, the result reveals that the dominant difficulties these students commonly encounter are related to the limitation of vocabulary, grammar, pronunciation, students’ personal psychology, and the habit of thinking in Vietnamese while speaking English.
The findings of this study are very applicable to the process of teaching and learning English speaking skills among adult language learners in the Vietnamese context. Keywords: English speaking skills; difficulties; adult students. INTRODUCTION The current chapter presents the introduction, which introduces the background to the study, the aims of the study, the research questions, the significance of the study, the scope of the study, and the organization of the thesis. Background to the study Globalization has connected people worldwide in all domains of contemporary life these days.
Due to globalization, it is necessary to improve communication among countries to strengthen these interconnections. In order to take the role as a language of international communication, a pervasive language will grow dominant over other languages and reach global status. Crystal (2003) argues that “to achieve a global status, a language has to be taken up by other countries around the world either as an official language or as a priority in a country's foreign language teaching”. Evidently, the fast spread of English across the world has given it this status.
According to data compiled by The World Factbook (2021), English is the official language of 58 nations and territories throughout the world, and there are around 1.35 billion people who speak English either natively or as a second language. It is the official language used by the United Nations and other International Organizations such as World Health Organization, World Trade Organization, United Nations Children's Fund, World Bank, and so on. English is the preeminent language of business, science, diplomacy, technologies and entertainment. It is also the medium of instruction at many universities and colleges worldwide and is the most-used language in scientific studies.
Acknowledging that English is the language of globalization, most countries encourage citizens to be conversant with the English language, particularly in business, educational, and day-to-day interactions. Neeley (2012) argues that English is even being accepted today as a global corporate language. In this sense, corporate leaders are shifting to a phenomenon whereby English proficiency is a requirement for all employees. When it comes to hiring, most companies place a high value on candidates who are fluent in English.
This advantage provides English language learners with a plethora of appealing work prospects in a variety of areas. 1 English provides opportunities to broaden knowledge, form relationships, create cooperative and collaborative work partnerships, and develop a variety of lifestyles. The importance of this language is also highly visualized in the education context, where most countries encourage the use of English in instructions and teaching strategies. Vietnam is not exceptional in this aspect as English is taught as foreign language from primary until university level and as one of compulsory subjects.
Many universities and colleges now teach a large amount of content in English and require graduates to meet English output criteria. Furthermore, knowing English allows students to readily pursue further education, like master's and doctoral degrees. Chew (1999) puts it that a “lack of a command in English would mean the continued marginalization of their children in a world that would continue to use the language to a greater degree. It would also deny them access to the extensive resources available in English - resources which have developed as a consequence of globalization”.
With cultural diversity as an attribute of the global society, English has become inevitable in almost every context. In other words, people around the world use English not only to communicate but also as a passport to new career prospects and new opportunities to expand their knowledge and abilities to become global citizens. Based on the above arguments, it can be said that the dominance of the English language in the current period of extensive integration and connection is undeniable. Everyone strives to be fluent in this language, especially adults who make up the majority of the workforce in any society and economy.
However, it is not easy for adult learners to truly grasp all of the skills required when using English (including listening, speaking, reading, and writing). In this instance, the mastery of speaking skills is a priority for all intents and purposes of most foreign language learners. This can be simply explained because people have to speak before learning to read and write, and we spend far more time interacting orally with language rather than using it in its written form. Rivers (1981) researched the use of language outside the classroom situation and concluded that speaking is used twice as much as reading and writing combined.
Therefore, speaking is the skill that the learners will be judged upon most in real-life situations. It is an important part of everyday 2 communication, and most people's initial impressions are based on their ability to speak fluently and comprehensibly. Besides, the significance of speaking is also indicated in the interaction relationship with other skills; for example, speaking helps learners develop their vocabulary and grammar skills and then improve their writing ability. In a word, a person who can speak English well will quickly find that mastering the language is quite simple.
Nunan (1995) concluded that learning the speaking skills is the most important aspect of learning a second or foreign language, and success is measured based on the ability to perform a conversation in the language. Speaking English well creates several evident advantages for working people. High-quality jobs in businesses demand that employees are able to communicate in English in order to extend operations abroad. In other words, people fluent in English will have more opportunities to get high-paying employment and advancement prospects at foreign companies or domestic companies that engage with international partners and clients.
Good at speaking gives employees the upper hand in sending and receiving information, thereby making work more accurate and fluent. Likewise, officials at state agencies are now required to satisfy civil servants’ foreign language competence criteria, particularly in dealing with international partners.