HANOI UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF MANAGEMENT AND TOURISM o0o The significance of Teamwork skill and Problem-solving skill for Job promotion of tourism students at Hanoi University: Graduates’ perspective APPLIED RESEARCH METHOD — TUTORIAL 1 TEACHERS: Mr. Nguyen Duc Hoa Cuong Mrs. Ngo Phuong Dung Mrs. Pham Le Dieu Linh GROUP 1.
2006090040 - Vu Thi Hong 2006090028 - Dang Thu Ha >8 NS 2006090045 - Nguyen Thi Thu Huong 2006090111 - Nguyen Thi Thoan 5. 2006090010 - Pham Quang Anh Abstract Under the impact of today's fierce labor market competition, finding a good and suitable job is a rather difficult problem and is of interest to many students, especially students. Many employers and businesses are also looking for young talents who have the ability to learn, solve problems well, and communicate with people around. Therefore, many students need to improve themselves more to be able to improve their job opportunities as well as their ability to advance in the future.
The purpose of this research paper is to hopefully provide useful information on teamwork and problem-solving skills for job promotion. In order to achieve the expected good results, our study was conducted with the Hanu tourism graduate student questionnaire. In this study, our team's project analyzes and evaluates three factors: teamwork skills, problem solving skills and the importance of these two skills to job promotion. From there, everyone can learn more deeply about the role of the skills that our team studies to apply well in the future working process.
Introduction and literature review L Introduction Nowadays, the competitive knowledge economy is developing and changing consecutively all over the world. Policymakers and academics both have recognized the importance of employability (Peeters et al. The ability to get a job requires many different factors: knowledge, attitude, and especially skills. These include “hard skills” which are specialized professional abilities that enable students to execute their work efficiently (Ashford, 2019), and “soft skills’, which essentially pertain to people's personalities, characteristics, and personal behaviors (Majid et al.
According to the Council for Industry and Higher Education's report Graduate Employability - Employers’ Perspectives (Archer & Davison, 2008), "soft skills are essential and even more important than most hard skills." Their study also asked businesses to select the skills and competencies they thought were necessary when hiring new graduates; teamwork skills are placed second, just behind communication skills. Moreover, in the Job Outlook Report (2017), the National Association of Colleges and Employers states that "employers look at candidate's resumes for evidence of problem-solving skills and the ability to work in a team (. These two characteristics are equally important, with nearly 83 percent of responding organizations indicating that they seek them" (p. There's also a lot of other research on the importance of teamwork and problem-solving skills.
For example, Arquero et al (2023) emphasized the benefits of collaborative work, because it not only promotes the development of the particular general competencies sought by employers, but also stimulates peer learning, which can improve overall learning quality, performance, and attitudes and perceptions about the subject. In addition, the development of problem-solving skill is regarded as significant in facilitating the implementation of tasks and activities in a productive manner and the achievement of personal and professional goals (Kapur, 2020) In a dynamic and uncertain learning and working environment, soft skills are becoming increasingly important. As a result, it has a substantial impact on student's current and future jobs. There have been past studies that looked at the significance of teamwork skill and problem-solving skill in many different industries.
For instance, Boakye (2015) investigated the impact of teamwork on employee performance and found that there is a positive correlation between teamwork and employee performance. Moreover, the study highlighted that teamwork can improve communication, problem-solving abilities, creativity, and decision-making skills among employees, which ultimately leads to better organizational outcomes. However, the study was conducted in a specific context (Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital and Ejisu Government Hospital), which may limit the generalizability of the findings to other industries or populations. Therefore, we research to clarify the topic: "The influence of teamwork skills, problem-solving skills for Job promotion of tourism students at Hanoi University: Graduates’ perspective’.
And this research will be centered on three research questions: 1. What is the current state of teamwork skill and problem-solving skill of Hanu tourism graduates? 2. What is the current state of job promotion of Hanu tourism graduates? 3. What are the relationships between teamwork skill, problem-solving skill and job promotion of Hanu tourism graduates? A lot of research has been done by many researchers on the concept of teamwork skill, problem-solving skill, and job promotion.
This research work is not a nght deviation from all other works that have been carried out on the concept. This study tries to determine how teamwork skill and problem-solving skill affect job promotion of graduates. At the end of this study, it will help teachers of universities in Vietnam, especially Hanoi University to decide whether to encourage teamwork rather than individuals. For graduate students, it will also help them know their current status and ultimately, this research paper will also serve as a starting point for other researchers who wish to conduct their research about the same concept.
This research has both scientific and practical ramifications. This study will help readers to grasp the current state of teamwork skill, problem-solving skill, and job promotion of graduates of Tourism and Hospitality majors. From there, it will assist students to understand the significance of skill development, laying the groundwork for students to discover the most successful techniques and cures. As a result, pupils can be flexible and creative, communicate and engage with others, and work efficiently.
To find out the relationship between the three main constructs, two hypotheses are developed. The first one takes into account the effect of teamwork skill on graduates’ job promotion (H1) and the impacts of problem-solving skill on graduates' job promotion (H2). To test those proposed hypotheses, data is collected from a sample of thirty HANU graduates from K02 to K18. In-depth interviews are also conducted with ten graduates in the selected sample; each interviewee will be asked a set of questions based on their responses in the survey to gather deeper information about their perception of these relationships, then the collected information will be compared to the testing results and the literature review to find out whether these data are compatible or contradictory.
Literature Review According to the Decision approving the National Qualifications Framework of the Prime Minister of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, problem-solving skills and teamwork skills are two skills considered important for both undergraduates and graduates (2016). Therefore, the goal of the training program for each profession is to ensure that after graduation, students can meet the set skills. Specifically for the tourism industry, it is mentioned in the training objectives and output standards of the tourism and travel service management industry (Hanoi University, 2021) and the output standards of the tourism industry (University of Culture, 2020), these two skills are considered necessary for each student when entering the profession because of the specific characteristics of tourism industry. Wang, Ayres and Huyton (2009) also pointed out that problem solving and teamwork are two soft skills that need to be equipped for graduates from tourism education for employment in the tourism sector.
These two skills are very important, however they have not been developed as well as they should. Teamwork skill About teamwork skill, it 1s the ability to form and keep a positive attitude towards all members throughout the working process to accomplish common goals. According to Thuyet, Giang and My, teamwork skills help individuals coordinate well with members at work, easily complete their work, develop relationships and their own strengths (2021). Sonnenschein at el claimed teamwork skills are considered more important than other skills by students and the tourism industry.
The purpose of teamwork is to support each other and come up with new ideas. Moreover, especially for the tourism industry, teamwork helps local and international students better understand different cultures, as well as countries, etc (2017). Colleges and Universities (AAC&U) showed that the number of employers saying that teamwork skills and the ability to work with others are important factors for human resource selection account for about 71%. In addition, they also understand that teamwork is difficult to measure because it relies on many interrelated behaviors and attitudes (Britton et al.
However, to assess a person's teamwork skills, employers can indirectly use related questions or statements to help (AZtest, 2019). The statements are designed by AZtest based on working style, personality, perception, working environment requirements, recognition for personal contributions and adaptation with new conditions. Each statement will correspond to a rating scale from high to low (totally agree, agree, no opinion, oppose and completely disagree). After receiving responses, the score is added together based on the level they have chosen and determines how they work as a team.
Problem-solving skill Tran and Huynh Anh (2021) defined a problem as any situation in which there is a gap between the desired and the actual happening. Khoiriyah and Husamah (2018) stated that problem-solving is an activity in which someone uses his or her abilities to transform the present condition into the desired condition, 1s the ability of a person to overcome difficulties, the ability to handle and solve one or more problems that arise unexpectedly (Chiang and Lee, 2016). Problem-solving is a skill a person uses to collect and identify problems, creatively and flexibly apply strategies and experiences to solve problems, disadvantages they face (Mourtos, Okamoto and Rhee, 2004). According to Hong, problem-solving skills include the following steps: problem identification, information analysis, decision making, problem expression, etc (2014).
In addition, Huynh Anh and Tram mentioned that problem-solving skills are often implemented based on the characteristics of the problem because problems usually have two main types: problems with clear information, specific goals and problems with no information and clear goals (2021). Therefore, each problem needs to be flexible with different solutions to match its characteristics. Chau Thuy and Ngan (2017) have proposed an ideal model to solve the problem as follows: Detecting the problem, Proposing solutions, Solving problems and Evaluation of performance results. This problem-solving skill scale focuses on measuring one's awareness and problem-solving ability as well as the ability to selftassess problem-solving methods.
The scale does not evaluate problem-solving skills based on actual situations, but rather on self-perception and problem-solving style through expressions and levels of expression with four point scale from 0 to 3 (from lowest to highest level of problem-solving ability). Job promotion In an effort to find and research job promotion, it recognized the similarities in previous studies on the definition and the factors that determine promotion. Firstly, the definition of job promotion clarified by Setyawati et al (2022) as the upward movement of an employee that comes with responsibility and status. Rinny et al (2020) complemented that job promotion process contains both wages and status increases.
According to Haryono et al (2020), the promotion at work is always a parallel of nghts (higher status, higher salary and wages, and other benefits) and responsibilities (higher proficiency). Based on the job requirements given for higher positions, Indeed (2023) considers salary as a measurement of promotion. However, they also make the point that if you get a new job with a slight increase in salary compared with your previous job, it's not necessarily a promotion. Moreover, job promotion is mentioned as a recognition and reward for employees with their dedication, contribution, and hard work (Roslan et al, 2023).
Sugiyanta and Suyono (2021) stated every employee wants to have the opportunity to be promoted because promotion is seen as an appreciation of one's achievement when achieving good work results as well as a recognition of work performance so that employees can right to assume higher positions.
