Luận Văn Thạc Sĩ: Phân Tích Đối Chiếu Phép Thế Danh Từ Trong Hội Thoại Tiếng Anh Và Tiếng Việt

Luận văn thạc sĩ nghiên cứu vnu ulis a contrastive analysis of nominal substitution in english and vietnamese conversation, đánh giá hiện trạng, phân tích vấn đề, đề xuất biện

2011

52
0
0

Phí lưu trữ

30 Point

Mục lục chi tiết

DECLARATION

1. PART A: INTRODUCTION

1.1. Rationale

1.2. Aims and objective of the study

1.3. Scope of the study

1.4. Methodology of the study

1.5. Organization of the study

2. PART B: DEVELOPMENT

2.1. CHAPTER 1: THEORETICAL BACKGROUND

2.1.1. The theories of discourse

2.1.1.1. The concept of discourse
2.1.1.2. Discourse and Sentence
2.1.1.3. Discourse and Text
2.1.1.4. Discourse analysis
2.1.1.5. Spoken and Written Discourse

2.2. CHAPTER 2

3. PART C: CONCLUSION

3.1. The implication of the study for teaching and learning of English

3.2. Limitation of the study

3.3. Suggestions for further study

REFERENCES

BOOKS FOR QUOTATIONS

Symbols and Abbreviations

Lists of tables

Trích đoạn nội dung tài liệu

VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUTIES FACULTY OF POST- GRADUATE STUDIES  TRẦN THỊ KHƯƠNG LIÊN A CONTRASTIVE ANALYSIS OF NOMINAL SUBSTITUTION IN ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE CONVERSATION (Phân tích đối chiếu phép thế danh từ trong ngôn bản hội thoại tiếng Anh và tiếng Việt) MINOR PROGRAM THESIS Field: English Linguistics Code: 60.15 Hanoi, 2011 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HA NOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST-GRADUATE STUDIES  TRẦN THỊ KHƯƠNG LIÊN A CONTRASTIVE ANALYSIS OF NOMINAL SUBSTITUTION IN ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE CONVERSATION ( Phân tích đối chiếu phép thế danh từ trong ngôn bản hội thoại tiếng Anh và tiếng Việt) MINOR PROGRAM THESIS Field: English Linguistics Code: 60.15 Supervisor: Nguyen Huyen Minh, M.A Hanoi, 2011 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com iv TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION………………………………………………. iii TABLE OFCONTENTS………………………………………………………. Rationale of the study…………………………………………………………. Aims and objectives of the study………………………………………………… 2 2. Scope of the study………………………………………………………………. Methodology of the study………………………………………………………. Organization of the study………………………………………………………… 3 PART B. The theories of discourse………………………………………………………. The concept of discourse………………………………………………. Discourse and Sentence………………………………………………. Discourse and Text……………………………………………………. Spoken and Written Discourse…………………………………………. The theories of conversation…………………………………………………… 7 1. The concept of conversation…………………………………………… 7 1. Why is Conversation Analysis important……………………………… 7 1. The concept of cohesion………………………………………………. 9 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail. Coherence and cohesion………………………………………………. Cohesion within the sentence and discourse…………………………… 10 1. Types of Cohesion…………………………………………………………….The concept of substitution……………………………………………… 12 1.Substitution,Cohesionand Discourse……………………………………. Why using CA in this thesis?. A contrastive analysis of nominal substitution in English and 15 Vietnamese conversation discourse………………………………………………. General features of English and Vietnamese nominal structure………………. Subjective and objective personal pronouns……………………. One as a substitute for a nominal group head/ substitute one …………. One as a substitute for an indefinite nominal group/ indefinite one ……. Say the same……………………………………………………………. Do the same……………………………………………………………… 34 2. Be the same……………………………………………………………… 36 PART C: CONCLUSION………………………………………………………… 38 3. The implication of the study for teaching and learning of English……………. Limitation of the study…………………………………………………………. Suggestions for further study…………………………………………………. 42 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com vi REFERENCES……………………………………………………………………. 43 BOOKS FOR QUOTATIONS……………………………………………………. 45 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com vii Symbols and Abbreviations C. Contrastive Analysis CA Conversation analysis DA Discourse Analysis Ns Nominal Substitution O Object P Predicate S Subject Ø Without Numeratives ~ Substitute for Lists of tables Table 1.1: Type of Cohesion Table 1.2: Grammatical and Lexical Cohesion Table 2: English personal pronouns Table 3: The English third person pronouns and their Vietnamese equivalent Table 4: The English possessive pronouns and their Vietnamese equivalent Table 5: The substitute one/ones and their Vietnamese equivalents Table 6: The indefinite one/some and its Vietnamese equivalents Table 7: Do the same and the Vietnamese equivalent Table 8: linking verb plus the same and their Vietnamese equivalents LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com 1 PART A: INTRODUCTION 1. Rationale The history of linguistics has seen the everlasting development of different approaches to linguistics and language teaching, each of which defines its own tasks, scopes and objectives. Traditionally, linguists have been concerned with the phonological, lexical and syntactical features and studied sentences which are preferably taken out of context. Besides, the focus of traditional practice of language teaching and learning has been on the analysis of single sentences, normally at the levels of phonology, vocabulary and grammar. Later, with the view that incomplete sentences can still make sense when occurring in some particular context, according to (Cook 1989: ix) complete understanding of stretches of language can only be obtained if they are considered “in their full textual, social and psychological context” linguists have shifted their attention from complete sentences to discourse. In common with coherence, cohesion takes an active role in building up discourse, in general, and of course, conversation as a genre of discourse, in particular. Truly, Halliday and Hasan (1976) make a detailed classification of the cohesive devices in English. These authors distinguish between grammatical and lexical cohesion. According to them, grammatical cohesion embraces four different devices: reference, ellipsis, substitution and lexical. In Vietnam, it seems that all the issues related to substitution especially Nominal substitution in conversation are still in limited exploration. It is easy to find that substitution in Vietnamese is still a concept which has been needed receive much Vietnamese researchers‟ exploration. Searching for the study of substitution, we only can see in Tran Ngoc Them‟s work (1985), more recently, Diep Quang Ban‟s (1998). These authors‟ effort seems to be made to give a very general and basic concept of substitution as well as types of it in Vietnamese. Thus, we might wonder whether substitution, and within the minor thesis, nominal substitution actually works in Vietnamese conversation. Furthermore, in recent years, reference, ellipsis, and lexical have been closely studied in contrastive with Vietnamese, within the framework of minor thesis a careful and profound study of English and Vietnamese nominal substitution is, theoretically speaking, equally important and necessary. Because of the above mentioned reasons, my final thesis entitled: “Contrastive analysis of nominal substitution in English and Vietnamese conversation”. I do hope that this LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com 2 study will be useful for learners when investigating conversation in English as well as in Vietnamese to support for successful communication. Aims and objective of the study 2. Aims As a cohesive device, substitution plays an important role in the making of discourse, especially in conversational discourse. Within the framework of an MA thesis the study aims at: - raising Vietnamese learner‟s awareness of how to realize linguistics means of Ns in Vietnamese as well as in English conversation and use them appropriately in order to achieve communicative purposes. - providing teachers of English with useful materials about the knowledge of Ns. Objectives To achieve these aims, the research tries to: - re- examine some aspects of English substitution and nominal substitution in detail so as to establish the descriptive framework for a contrastive analysis. - investigate all the possible linguistics means of nominal substitution in Vietnamese conversation discourse and at the same time find out possible similarities and differences between English and Vietnamese nominal substitution. - give some suggestions to apply to the teaching and learning of English. Research questions In carrying out the study this way, the following research questions are raised for exploration: 1. What are the linguistics means used for nominal substitution in English conversation? 2. What are the equivalent linguistics means used for nominal substitution in Vietnamese conversation in contrast with those in English conversation? 3. Scope of the study Since this study examines nominal substitution as a cohesive device, only substitution across sentences is taken into account. Because of the limited time and knowledge, this study is only focused on some domains as follows: - Only nominal substitution in English and its equivalent expressions in Vietnamese conversation are investigated. - I will take into consideration many cases of nominal substitution so the data used for illustration exemplification are taken from various sources. LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com 3 - I am going to deal with nominal substitution occured in the written transcription of this conversation, not in a tape – recorded conversation. Methodology of the study Since the main purpose of the study is to contrast nominal substitution in English conversation and Vietnamese conversation, the result of which will be exploited for language learning and teaching, CONTRASTIVE ANALYSIS (C.) is used as the major method of the study. I will take English language as the base language and Vietnamese as the comparative language. Besides, systemization and generalization are also used as sub-methods to support C. Thus, in the comparative analysis of examples in both English and Vietnamese, translation is the main technique given to highlight the similarities (or differences) in the nominal substitution in the two languages. During the process of comparison, there may arise cases where some nominal substitution occurs only in Vietnamese, but can hardly be found in English discourse. To deal with these cases, I shall give out literal translation of the examples for the sake of highlighting the similarities (or differences) in the nominal substitution in the two languages. to be effective and persuasive, I mainly take notice of two levels of translation: semantic and pragmatic. The illustrating material in the thesis is authentic examples. They are taken from a wide variety of sources in English and Vietnamese: modern novels, modern short stories as well as data sources from ebook and so on. Some examples are drawn from grammar books in English and Vietnamese. Last but not least, discussions with my supervisor and colleagues, personal teaching experience are also the great contribution to the study. Organization of the study As for the design of the study, it is composed of three main parts as follows: Part A is Introduction, which presents the rationale, the aims, the scope, and the methods of the study as well as the organization of the study. Part B is the DEVELOPMENT, which consists of two chapters. Chapter 1 shows the theoretical background of basic and necessary notions that are related to nominal substitution and conversation discourse. These issues are made clear on the basis of the generalization of different linguists' viewpoints. In Chapter 2 which is the focus of my study I conduct my contrastive analysis of nominal substitution in English and Vietnamese conversation in order to provide learners with the competence in understanding and using effectively the language of conversation. Part C the Conclusion represents the review of the study with concluding remarks and suggestions for further study. LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com 4 PART B: DEVELOPMENT CHAPTER 1: THEORETICAL BACKGROUND 1. The theories of discourse 1. The concept of discourse It does not seem rational to use the term „sentence‟ in communication. The analysis on sentence had been focused until the beginning of 1950s by linguistics. But in 1952, a famous linguist Zellig Harris, one of the earliest discourse analysts, published an article entitled “Discourse Analysis” in Language Magazine. He stated a new opinion expressing that the most complete unit of language is discourse, not a sentence. Obviously, it is impossible to make the language in use exist in isolation from its users and the context in which it is being used if you want to achieve successful communication. Therefore, the concept of discourse has been paid considerable attention to by several linguists since 1952. The most straightforward definition of discourse is the one often found in textbooks for students of linguistics: “Language above the sentence” (Cameron 2001: 10). According to Cook (1989: 6) discourse is “stretches of language perceived to be meaningful, unified and purposeful". In his point of view, the kind of language, language has been used to communicate something and is felt to be coherent (and may, or may not, happen to correspond to a correct sentence or a series of correct sentences) – language in use, for communication is called discourse. Discourse can be anything from a conversation to a great novel or a lengthy legal case. Cook (1989:10) also argues that “What matters is not its conformity to rules, but the fact that it communicates and is recognized by its receivers as coherent". Discourse is supposed to be meaningful and thus to be used to communicate with one person in a way that another person does not have the necessary knowledge to make sense of. The study of discourseis often referred to as discourse analysis. Discourse and Sentence It is obvious that we have two different kinds of language as potential objects for study. The sentence is abstracted in order to teach a language or literacy, or to study how the rules of language work according to Cook (1989).

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