Nghiên cứu khả năng ứng dụng chiến lược phản biện trong giảng dạy kỹ năng nói cho sinh viên năm ...

Luận văn thạc sĩ phân tích vnu ulis an investigation into the applicability of critical strategy in group work to the teaching, đánh giá thực trạng, chỉ ra hạn chế, đề xuất giải

Người đăng

Ẩn danh

Thể loại

Thesis

2011

64
0
0

Phí lưu trữ

30 Point

Mục lục chi tiết

DECLARATION

TABLE OF CONTENTS

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

LIST OF CHARTS AND TABLES

PART A. INTRODUCTION

A.1. Rationale of the Study

A.2. Aims of the Study

A.3. Research Questions of the Study

A.4. Scope of the Study

A.5. Methods of the Study

A.6. Design of the Study

PART B. DEVELOPMENT

1. CHƯƠNG 1: LITERATURE REVIEW

1.1. Introduction

1.2. An Overview of Speaking

1.2.1. Definitions of Speaking

1.2.2. The Importance of Speaking in Language Teaching and Learning

1.2.3. The Principles for Teaching Speaking

1.2.4. The Communicative Approach to Teaching Speaking

1.2.4.1. CLT and Teaching Speaking in the Classroom Context

1.3. Problems with Speaking Activities

1.4. The Critical Strategy (CS) in Teaching Speaking

1.4.1. What is the Critical Strategy?

1.4.2. The Importance of CS to the Development of Students' Speaking Skills

1.4.3. Teaching Critical Strategies Used in the Speaking Lessons

1.5. Factors Affecting CS Application in Group Work

1.5.1. Language Environment and Course Book

1.5.2. Tests and Evaluations

2. CHƯƠNG 2: THE STUDY

2.1. The Context of the Study

2.2. The Research Methodology

2.2.1. The Classroom Observations

2.2.2. Data Analysis of the Survey Questionnaires

2.2.2.1. Data Analysis of the Teachers' Survey Questionnaire
2.2.2.2. Data Analysis of the Students' Survey Questionnaire

2.2.3. Data Analysis of the Class Observations

2.3. Limitations of the Study

2.4. Recommendations for Further Study

3. CHƯƠNG 3: MAJOR FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION

3.1. The Teachers' and Students' Beliefs and Attitudes towards CS Application in Group Work

3.2. The Teachers' Situation of Applying CS in Group Work in the Speaking Lessons

3.3. The Challenges when Applying CS in Teaching Speaking Skills

3.4. The Modifications for Applying CS in Group Work Possible

Appendices

I. Appendix 1: Survey Questionnaire for Teachers

V. Appendix 2: Survey Questionnaire for Students

X. Appendix 3: Classroom Observation Sheet

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

LIST OF CHARTS AND TABLES

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VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST-GRADUATE STUDIES ------ NGUYỄN THỊ HỒNG HẠNH M. MINOR PROGRAM THESIS AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE APPLICABILITY OF CRITICAL STRATEGY IN GROUP WORK TO THE TEACHING OF SPEAKING SKILLS FOR THE SECOND YEAR STUDENTS AT ENGLISH DEPARTMENT OF HONG DUC UNIVERSITY ( Nghiên cứu khả năng ứng dụng chiến lược phản biện theo nhóm vào giảng dạy kỹ năng nói cho sinh viên năm thứ hai khoa Tiếng Anh trường Đại Học Hồng Đức tỉnh Thanh Hoá ) Field : English Language Teaching Methodology Code : 60.10 HA NOI - 2011 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST-GRADUATE STUDIES ------ NGUYỄN THỊ HỒNG HẠNH M. MINOR PROGRAM THESIS AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE APPLICABILITY OF CRITICAL STRATEGY IN GROUP WORK TO THE TEACHING OF SPEAKING SKILLS FOR THE SECOND YEAR STUDENTS AT ENGLISH DEPARTMENT OF HONG DUC UNIVERSITY ( Nghiên cứu khả năng ứng dụng chiến lược phản biện theo nhóm vào giảng dạy kỹ năng nói cho sinh viên năm thứ hai khoa Tiếng Anh trường Đại Học Hồng Đức tỉnh Thanh Hoá ) Field : English Language Teaching Methodology Code : 60.10 Supervisor : Nguyễn Bàng, M.A HA NOI - 2011 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com iv TABLE OF CONTENTS page DECLARATION . iii TABLE OF CONTENTS . iv LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS . vii LIST OF CHARTS AND TABLES . viii PART A: INTRODUCTION . Rationale of the Study . Aims of the Study . Research Questions of the Study . Scope of the Study . Methods of the Study . Design of the Study . 4 CHAPTER 1: LITERATURE REVIEW .2 An Overview of Speaking .1 Definitions of Speaking .2 The Importance of Speaking in Language Teaching and Learning .3 The Principles for Teaching Speaking .4 The Communicative Approach to Teaching Speaking .1 CLT and Teaching Speaking in the Classroom Context 7 1.3 Problems with Speaking Activities .3 The Critical Strategy (CS) in Teaching Speaking .1 What is the Critical Strategy ? .2 The Importance of CS to the Development of Students' Speaking Skills .3 Teaching Critical Strategies Used in the Speaking Lessons . 11 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.4 Factors Affecting CS Application in Group Work .3 Language Environment and Course Book .4 Tests and Evaluations . 16 CHAPTER 2: THE STUDY .2 The Context of the Study .3 The Research Methodology .2 The Classroom Observations .1 Data Analysis of the Survey Questionnaires .1 Data Analysis of the Teachers' Survey Questionnaire .2 Data Analysis of the Students' Survey Questionnaire.2 Data Analysis of the Class Observations. 37 CHAPTER 3: MAJOR FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION 33 3.2 The Teachers' and Students' Beliefs and Attitudes . 38 towards CS Application in Group Work 3.3 The Teachers' Situation of Applying CS in Group . 38 Work in the Speaking Lessons 3.4 The Challenges when Applying CS in Teaching Speaking Skills .5 The Modifications for Applying CS in Group Work Possible . 40 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail. 42 2 Limitations of the Study . 43 3 Recommendations for Further Study . I Appendix 1: Survey Questionnaire for Teachers . I Appendix 2: Survey Questionnaire for Students . V Appendix 3: Classroom Observation Sheet . X LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com vii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS CA: Communicative Approach CLT: Communicative Language Teaching CS: Critical Strategy DLSD: Division of Language Skills Development FLD: Foreign Language Department HDU: Hong Duc University No: Number of responses SLA: Second Language Acquisition LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com viii LIST OF CHARTS AND TABLES CHARTS Chart 1: Teachers' beliefs and attitudes towards the role of CS in group work to the students' speaking skills development Chart 2: The teachers' beliefs and attitudes of the topics in the current course books to CS application in group work Chart 3: The teachers' techniques used most Chart 4: The students' beliefs and attitudes towards speaking skills Chart 5: The students' beliefs and attitudes towards CS in group work Chart 6: The students' preferences for speaking topics TABLES Table 1: Teachers' ideas of CS Table 2: The teachers' beliefs and attitudes of the students' English proficiency to CS application in group work Table 3: The teachers' frequency of applying CS in group work Table 4: Types of techniques and activities used by the teachers Table 5: The difficulties affirmed by teachers Table 6: Solutions suggested by teachers Table 7: The students' beliefs about their English proficiency Table 8: The students' profits gained from CS in group work Table 9: The students' preferences for the techniques the teachers used Table 10: The students' difficulties in preparing the contents of the topics or the tasks Table 11: The students' difficulties in delivering presentations Table 12: The students' suggestions for their difficulties Table 13: The students' suggestions for teachers LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com 1 PART A: INTRODUCTION 1. Rationale of the study It is recognized that in recent years, in the field of second language acquisition (SLA), researchers have been more interested in studying the learning process than the learning product and in the development of communicative competence than that of linguistic competence ( Chen, 1990). For this tendency, the present study is intended to investigate into the applicability of critical strategy in groups in the speaking lessons for English- major students at Hong Duc University based on the following reasons: Firstly, there is an urgent need to improve students' communicative competence in addition to lexical and grammatical knowledge. In fact, we are living in the twenty-first century with the dominance of English all over the world in such important areas as aviation, business, commerce, technology, science, international relations and diplomacy. In accordance with the open policies to integrate into the world community, the large number of companies from different countries investing into several fields in Vietnam. Therefore, the necessity for English has been increasing very rapidly, in particular English speaking skills has become a common requirement for jobs, and is considered to be a "ladder" to a successful career. Being aware of that, in the past years, the teaching staff of English at Hong Duc University (HDU) has been trying hard to define suitable methods and to compile appropriate materials for language teaching and learning in which speaking skills is treated as the most important of the four language skills but has not been successful in producing sufficient, fluent foreign language speakers. One of the main reasons is the lack of frequent practice from students. To enhance students' speaking skills development, teachers need to create more opportunities for the students to practice and learn from their own strengths and weaknesses as well as their peers' weaknesses and strengths. Among suggested solutions, CS in groups can be of great help because it is the interaction in the classroom among students to express their opinions on the topics. Moreover, through these activities students will learn the way to co-operate in the group or team that is very important in the real world and positive social relation in the community. Secondly, opponent strategy in groups is one of the teaching techniques designed in the communicative approach which emerges as the latest development because of its LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail. In the view of this approach, the learner is considered the center of the learning process, the teacher servers as a facilitator, allowing students to be in charge of their own learning. (1980) stated that learners should be active in groups as well as in classroom activities to enhance their interactive learning to be communicatively competent. However, there is a fact that not all learners are participants in the speaking lessons because of shyness, lacking motivation or poor knowledge of pronunciation and vocabulary. Thus, in order to involve all learners in class activities, it is the teachers' business to design and apply techniques to increase students' participation in class activities and makes them more active. CS in groups is one of the feasible methods to motivate students to participate heartily in speaking activities in the class. Finally, the paper is implemented to investigate the effectiveness of applying this technique and from that discovering its strong and weak points to set up the most relevant ones in terms of contents. The results obtained based on the theoretical background and the present use of it at the Foreign Language Department, HDU would help students to raise their speaking skills as well as improve teachers' teaching methodologies in relation with the process of renovation for teaching at the Foreign Language Department, HDU currently. Aims of the Study The research focuses on investigating the practice of the critical strategy used by the teachers at English Department of Hong Duc University and giving some suggestions for applying CS to enhance the students' speaking skills. The specific aims of the research are as follows: - To investigate the teachers' and the students' beliefs and attitudes towards the application of the critical strategy in groups in the speaking lessons . - To find out the reality of teaching and learning CS in groups in the speaking lessons - To find out the teachers' challenges when applying the critical strategy in groups in the speaking lessons. - To give some possible suggestions for using the critical strategy in groups to enhance students' speaking skills. LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail. Research questions of the Study Regarding to the aims of the research, , the following research questions are put forward: 1. What are the teachers' and students' beliefs and attitudes towards the application of the critical strategy in groups in the speaking lessons ? 2. How is Critical Strategy applied in the speaking lessons? 3. What are the challenges underlying the application of the critical strategy in teaching speaking to the English second year students? 4. What modifications are necessary to make the critical strategy possible ? 4. Scope of the Study There has existed a variety of strategies to the teaching of speaking skills at English Department of HDU, but the study only focuses on investigating the applicability of the CS in groups to the teaching of speaking skills for the second-year students there. Methods of the Study The major method used in this study was survey. Firstly, two survey questionnaires were administered to the teachers and the students. Secondly, based on the obtained results from the questionnaires, the class observations were carried out in class k12. These were to find out the reality of applying CS in groups in the speaking lessons including the techniques and activities used, the atmosphere of the classroom, the students' attitudes to the lessons and their interactions during the lessons. Design of the Study The study is divided into three parts: Part 1 is the introduction including the rationale, the aims, the research questions, the scope and methods of the study; Part 2 is the development, which consists of three chapters: chapter 1 is the literature on knowledge of speaking skills, of the Critical Strategy (CS) and offactors affecting the application of CS in the teaching of speaking; Chapter 2 is the study, which presents the actual procedure of the study including the setting, subjects, sample, instrumentation, data collection and data analysis; chapter 3 is the major findings and discussion.; Part 3 is the conclusion, which contains the main points discussed in the paper, some limitations of the study and future research will be presented. LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com 4 PART B: DEVELOPMENT CHAPTER 1: LITERATURE REVIEW 1.1 Introduction This chapter is concerned with some of issues in the theories of the speaking skills and of the Critical Strategy. This review of related literature focuses on the two following sections: (1) theoretical background of speaking skills; (2) theoretical background of CS.2 An overview of speaking skills 1.

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