Nghiên cứu các phương tiện liên kết từ vựng trong giáo trình Tiếng Anh Quản trị Kinh doanh và ...

Chuyên khảo phân tích A study on lexical cohesive devices from some reading texts of the course book english for business, đánh giá các khía cạnh quan trọng, đề xuất hướng nghiên

2012

53
0
0

Phí lưu trữ

30 Point

Mục lục chi tiết

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

TABLE OF CONTENTS

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES

A. PART A: INTRODUCTION

A.1. Rationale of the study

A.2. Scope of the study

A.3. Aims of the study

A.4. Methods of the study

A.5. Organization of the study

1. CHAPTER 1: THEORETICAL BACKGROUND

1.1. Discourse and discourse analysis

1.1.1. Discourse

1.1.2. Discourse and Text

1.1.3. Spoken and written discourse

1.1.4. Discourse Analysis

1.1.5. Context

1.1.5.1. Context of situation

2. CHAPTER 2: AN ANALYSIS OF LEXICAL COHESIVE DEVICES IN BE READING TEXTS IN THE COURSE BOOK ENGLISH FOR BUSINESS STUDIES

2.1. An overview of the study

2.2. Analysis of lexical cohesive devices in BE reading texts

2.3. Synonyms and near synonyms

2.4. Limitations of the study

2.5. Suggestions for further research

APPENDIX II

APPENDIX III

APPENDIX IV

APPENDIX VI

APPENDIX VII

Trích đoạn nội dung tài liệu

VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST-GRADUATE STUDIES _______________ PHẠM PHƢƠNG LAN A STUDY ON LEXICAL COHESIVE DEVICES FROM SOME READING TEXTS OF THE COURSE BOOK "ENGLISH FOR BUSINESS STUDIES" AND PEDAGOGICAL IMPLICATIONS FOR TEACHING ENGLISH FOR THIRD YEAR STUDENTS AT TRADE UNION UNIVERSITY (Nghiên cứu các phƣơng tiện liên kết từ vựng trong một số bài đọc của giáo trình “Tiếng Anh Quản trị Kinh doanh” và gợi ý cho việc giảng dạy tiếng Anh cho sinh viên năm thứ ba trƣờng Đại học Công đoàn) M. Minor Programme Thesis Field: English Linguistics Code: 60 22 15 Hanoi, 2012 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST-GRADUATE STUDIES _______________ PHẠM PHƢƠNG LAN A STUDY ON LEXICAL COHESIVE DEVICES FROM SOME READING TEXTS OF THE COURSE BOOK "ENGLISH FOR BUSINESS STUDIES" AND PEDAGOGICAL IMPLICATIONS FOR TEACHING ENGLISH FOR THIRD YEAR STUDENTS AT TRADE UNION UNIVERSITY (Nghiên cứu các phƣơng tiện liên kết từ vựng trong một số bài đọc của giáo trình “Tiếng Anh Quản trị Kinh doanh” và gợi ý cho việc giảng dạy tiếng Anh cho sinh viên năm thứ ba trƣờng Đại học Công đoàn) M. Minor Programme Thesis Field: English Linguistics Code: 60 22 15 SUPERVISOR: Assoc. Nguyễn Xuân Thơm Hanoi, 2012 2 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com iv TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgement. iv Table of contents. v List of abbreviations. vii List of tables and figures. vii PART A: INTRODUCTION. Rationale of the study. Scope of the study. Aims of the study. Methods of the study. Organization of the study. 5 Chapter 1: Theoretical background. Discourse and discourse analysis. Discourse and Text. Spoken and written discourse. Context of situation. Cohesion and coherence. Cohesion and coherence.13 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail. 15 Chapter 2: An analysis of lexical cohesive devices in BE reading texts in the course book English for Business Studies. An overview of the study. Analysis of lexical cohesive devices in BE reading texts. Synonyms and near synonyms. Limitations of the study. Suggestions for further research. II Appendix II. III Appendix III. IV Appendix IV. VI Appendix VI. VII Appendix VII. VIII LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com vi LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS BE: Business English GE: General English EBS: English for Business Studies ESP: English for Specific Purpose TUU: Trade Union University LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES Table 1 - EBS texts chosen for analysis Table 2 - The frequency of appearance of lexical cohesive devices in sample texts Table 3 - Frequency of appearance of repetition Table 4 - Frequency of appearance of synonymy Table 5 - Frequency of occurrence of antonyms Table 6 - Frequency of occurrence of sub-types of antonymy Table 7 - Frequency of occurrence of superordinate Table 8 - Frequency of occurrence of collocations Figure 1 - Lexical cohesive devices in EBS texts - Frequency of occurrence Figure 2 - Sub-types of repetition - Frequency of appearance LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com -1- PART A: INTRODUCTION 1. Rationale of the study Over the past two decades, the teaching and learning English, especially English for Specific Purposes (ESP) have changed dramatically. If in the 1990's, ESP was taught in some universities in Vietnam, now it becomes a compulsory subject in almost every universities and colleges that follow the curriculum established by the Ministry of Education and Training (MOET). The ESP course provides students with background knowledge and vocabulary of specialist fields, therefore it helps them greatly in future careers. Being aware of the major role of ESP, teachers of English at Trade Union University (TUU) have always attempted to improve the teaching and learning of ESP at their college. However, there remain some difficulties as follows: At TUU, English is taught in totally five semesters of which three are for General English (GE) and two semesters are for ESP. GE accounts for 135 credit periods and ESP is taught in 90 credit periods. In order to attend ESP course, students are required to complete GE levels. The basic English course with the main teaching and learning materials are New Headway Elementary and New Headway Pre-intermediate. However, in the next stage of learning, the ESP course book requires learners of upper-intermediate and advanced level. Therefore, after GE stage, students encounter numerous difficulties in learning in ESP course as they are supposedly at pre-intermediate level. English for Business Studies (EBS) is chosen as the main course book of ESP at TUU. The book was written by Ian MacKenzie and published in 2002 by Cambridge University Press. The book comprises of 30 units of which 8 units are chosen for ESP course level 1 and another 8 units for ESP course level 2 at TUU. In each unit, there are several sections covering all the four skills: listening, reading, writing, speaking. Most of the units contain three parts: 1. An informative reading text giving an overview of a particular topic with various comprehension and vocabulary exercises and discussion activities. Either listening exercises or shorter authentic reading passage. LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail. An additional case study, role play, discussion activity or writing exercise. The listening part provides authentic interviews with business people and economists who are British and American native speakers and non-native speakers from Germany, Italy, Switzerland, India and Malaysia. The listening exercises that follow are often note taking and question answering, very few tasks have multiple choice questions. Therefore it is sometimes difficult for TUU's students to follow. Consequently, exploiting the listening part is unfeasible for TUU's learners. For speaking task, it is not practical for a class of 60 and over 60 students where the teacher's role of a conductor is vague. That is, it is quite hard for teachers to cover all speaking activities. Moreover, TUU's students are not competent and self-conscious enough to fulfill the given task themselves. Therefore, learning speaking possibly turn out to private talking and disorder in class. As for writing, the demands for the task are sometimes excessive for students. Grammar is quite important in text comprehension. However, most grammatical structures and rules are taught in GE and students can recall them easily without the teacher's explanation. Yet, there are still complaints from our students about the difficulties they encounter while learning reading passages in BE. On the one hand, it may derive from students' psychological reasons. For most of them, this is the first time they learn ESP and an ESP reading text which is full of economic and business terms in business context may be a challenge. Consequently, they are not willing to study attentively. On the other hand, students find it is hard job to remember so many new terms and obtain a general comprehension of the text. The above reasons have induced me to conduct a research on reading part, as this part is also a main part of every unit in EBS course book. With some experience in teaching GE and ESP for BE students, the researcher realize the crucial role of coherence and cohesion in the text understanding and vocabulary learning of TUU's students. As a result, the author decide to make an investigation into cohesive devices used in the texts of BE course book, especially lexical cohesive devices hoping that it may help students more in understanding the reading texts and learning vocabulary. LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail. Scope of the study Within the framework of a minor M.A thesis, the study mainly focuses on lexical cohesive devices, the frequency of occurrence of these devices in some chosen texts in BE course book. The study points out how often these lexical cohesive devices appear and how they affect the text comprehending and vocabulary learning. After examining and analyzing the collected data, some pedagogical implications will be drawn for both teachers and students of BE. Aims of the study The study aims at:  Figuring out how these lexical cohesive ties are used in BE sample texts of the course book EBS.  Providing BE teachers and students with an insight into the use of lexical cohesive devices and thereby assisting their writing and reading comprehension. Research questions In order to achieve the objectives of the study, the following questions are raised: 1. What lexical cohesive devices are used in BE texts? 2. What lexical cohesive devices are employed most frequently in BE texts? 3. What are the overall features of BE discourses in terms of lexical cohesion? 5. Methods of the study The study uses description, analysis and statistics research methods to achieve the research objectives. The data for the research analysis are collected from six sample texts chosen in EBS course book namely: Sample text 1: Types of banks; Sample text 2: Companies; Sample text 3: Bonds; Sample text 4: Market leaders, challengers and followers; Sample text 5: Taxation; Sample text 6: The business cycle. All the lexical cohesive items of each type of lexical cohesion (reiteration and collocation) and its subtypes occur in the six texts LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com -4- are identified and calculated. The total number of each type is then converted into percentage to compare within a text or among the categories and according to the analytical purposes. Organization of the study This thesis includes three main parts The INTRODUCTION part introduces the rationale, the scope, the aims, the research questions, the research methodology and the design of the study. The DEVELOPMENT comprises of two chapters - Chapter 1: provides a thorough theoretical background of three main terminologies: discourse, discourse analysis, coherence and cohesion. - Chapter 2: presents the analysis of lexical cohesive devices in some reading texts in BE course book for the third year students at Trade Union University The CONCLUSION shows a recapitulation of the study, implications for teaching and learning BE, limitations of the study and suggestions for further research. LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com -5- PART B: DEVELOPMENT CHAPTER I: THEORETICAL BACKGROUND This part introduces concepts of discourse, text, discourse analysis, discourse context, cohesion and coherence, cohesive devices which support this thesis. Discourse and discourse analysis 1. Discourse Well-known linguists have shared similar viewpoint about the concept of discourse. David Nunan (1993:5) agreed that discourse is "a stretch of language consisting of several sentences which are perceived as being related in some way". Crystal (1992:25) had similar perspective of discourse when he defined discourse as "a continuous stretch of (especially spoken) language larger than a sentence, often constituting a coherent unit, such as a sermon, argument or narrative". More recently, discourse is defined by Nguyễn Hòa (2004) as "a combination of sentences (or utterances) used to get our message across. It has its own meaning and is more than the sum of the meaning of its constituents". Discourse and Text There seem to be two different trends in linguists towards the terms "discourse" and "text". One distinguishes the two terms whereas the other does not. Cook treated the terms "discourse" and "text" as two different categories when he stated: "discourse is a stretch of language perceived to be meaningful, unified and purposive. Text is a stretch of language interpreted formally, without context. David Nunan used the term "text" to refer to "any written record of a communicative event" and "discourse" to refer to "the interpretation of the communicative event in context" (Nunan, 1993: 6-7). LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com -6- Crystal distinguished text as "a piece of naturally occurring spoken, written, or signed language identified for purpose of analysis. It is often a language unit with a definable communicative function, such as a conversation, a poster." (Crystal, 1992:72, cited in Vân, 2006:14), and discourse as "a continuous stretch of language larger than a sentence, often constituting a coherent unit, such as a sermon, argument or narrative".

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