MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING PHENIKAA UNIVERSITY NGUYEN THI MAI ANH GRADUATION PAPER A STUDY ON COMMON MISTAKES IN WRITING ACADEMIC ESSAYS BY THE SECOND-YEAR ENGLISH MAJORS AT PHENIKAA UNIVERSITY Nghiên cứu về những lỗi gặp khi viết luận của sinh viên năm thứ hai chuyên ngành Ngôn ngữ Anh tại Trường Đại học Phenikaa Student: Nguyen Thi Mai Anh ENGLISH LANGUAGE Student ID No: 20010035 Course: 2020 - 2024 Field: English Language Mode of study: Full-time Supervisor: Do Thi Huong, M.A Ha Noi – 2024 MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING PHENIKAA UNIVERSITY GRADUATION PAPER A STUDY ON COMMON MISTAKES IN WRITING ACADEMIC ESSAYS BY THE SECOND-YEAR ENGLISH MAJORS AT PHENIKAA UNIVERSITY Nghiên cứu về những lỗi gặp khi viết luận của sinh viên năm thứ hai chuyên ngành Ngôn ngữ Anh tại Trường Đại học Phenikaa Student: Nguyen Thi Mai Anh Student ID No: 20010035 Course: 2020 - 2024 Field: English Language Mode of study: Full-time Supervisor: Do Thi Huong, M.A Ha Noi – 2024 ABSTRACT This research focuses on analyzing and evaluating the English essay writing mistakes of second-year English Language students at Phenikaa University. Through surveys and data analysis, the study identified common mistakes such as lack of logic, failure to outline before writing, poor time management, and numerous spelling and grammatical mistakes. Consequently, the research provides specific recommendations to improve students’ writing skills, including organizing intensive writing courses, providing detailed feedback, and personalized support from instructors. These suggestions not only help enhance students’ academic performance but also contribute to improving teaching methods at the university.
DECLARATION I certify that no part of the above report has been copied or reproduced by me from any other person’s work without acknowledgements and that the report was originally written by me under strict guidance of my supervisor. The material in this paper has not been submitted for assessment in any other formal course of study. Hanoi, 1st July 2024 Supervisor Student Do Thi Huong Nguyen Thi Mai Anh ACKNOWLEGEMENT First and foremost, I would like to thank the lecturers of the Faculty of English of Phenikaa University for facilitating me to complete my graduation thesis. I would like to express my sincere gratitude to Ms.
Do Thi Huong, who directly guided and supported me in the process of successfully completing my graduation thesis. Finally, I would like to express my deep gratitude to the second-year English students of Phenikaa University for their support in helping me complete the survey data and the necessary interview. In the process of doing the graduation thesis, although I tried very hard, it was difficult to avoid mistakes, I hope that the teachers will understand. At the same time, due to my limited theoretical level as well as scientific research ability, I am looking forward to receiving your suggestions to improve my knowledge.
Many thanks for that! Ha Noi, 1st July 2024 Student Nguyễn Thị Mai Anh TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1 1. Aims and objectives of the study. Scope of the study. Significance of the study.
Design of the study. 3 CHAPTER 1: LITERATURE REVIEW 4 1.Overview of writing essay. Definition of the essay. The structure of an essay.
Writing essay stages. Distinguish between Error and Mistake. Mistakes in grammar. Gaps in previous studies.
Population of the survey. Instruments of survey and interview. Procedures of survey and interview. CHAPTER 3: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 27 3.
The result of the survey. Lack of coherence and cohesion. Discussion of Results. 44 CONCLUSION 47 REFERENCES 51 APPENDICES 53 LIST OF TABLE Table 1.
1: The Basic Structure of Essay. 1: The survey results on grammar mistakes. 2: The survey results on vocabulary mistakes. 3: The survey results on structural mistakes.
4: The survey results on lack of coherence and cohesion. 5: The survey results on stylistic mistakes. 6: The survey results on process mistakes. Rationale It is impossible to dispute the significance of English in daily life.
There are about 2 billion English speakers in the globe [1]. Of these, 960 million speak English as a second language and 380 million speak it as their mother tongue. English is the official language of commerce in aviation and maritime transportation, and it is frequently used in international organization meetings. Additionally, English is essential in a number of industries, including publishing, science, technology, computing, business, and education.
Learning English has become crucial for high school pupils, college and university students, and professionals in all fields in Vietnam. Proficiency in writing is essential for academic achievement. Students at universities are frequently required to write a number of essays in English, and proficient writers are able to properly communicate their thoughts, prove their abilities, which greatly contributes to their learning outcomes. Strong writing abilities are also essential while applying for jobs, particularly in industries like commerce, manufacturing, finance, and services that demand global professionalism.
Moreover, non-profit industries including tourism, commerce, business, and education value strong writing abilities. This illustrates how crucial written expression skills are for both academic achievement and professional growth. All students find it difficult to master English writing abilities, but Phenikaa University’s second-year English program is particularly difficult. Consequently, the majority of students find it difficult to master English writing skills and second-year English majors at Phenikaa University are no exception.
In assistance for second-year English majors to recognize their writing mistakes, research on the typical blunders they make when writing essays is required. Aims and objectives of the study Research Purpose: The goal of this research is to identify and evaluate common mistakes in academic essay writing among second-year English students at Phenikaa 2 University. The research aims to obtain a better knowledge of the difficulties students have when writing academic essays and to provide particular solutions to help them improve their writing skills. Research Objectives: The research topic attempts to achieve the following objectives: 1.
Identify frequent academic essay writing problems made by Phenikaa University’s second-year English majors. Investigate the causes of these mistakes, including faults with language, sentence structure, logical reasoning, and source citation. Propose instructional techniques and approaches to assist Phenikaa University’s second-year English majors in improving their writing skills and writing quality. Scope of the study Time Scope: April 15–July 1, 2024, is when this study is undertaken.
The focus of the research is solely on common essay writing errors of second- year English Language majors at Phenikaa University. Space Scope: Phenikaa University is the site of my studies for this project. Significance of the study The topic “A Study on Common Mistakes in Writing Academic Essays by the Second-Year English Majors at Phenikaa University” is significant because of the following reasons: It is essential to improve the caliber of pupils’ writing by recognizing and assessing typical mistakes made when writing academic essays. By identifying and comprehending typical mistakes, this research aids students in developing their writing abilities and raising the caliber of their writing.
Academic achievement, future research success, and professional success are all impacted by this improvement. The findings of this study can help educators create and implement efficient strategies for instructing students in writing academic essays. It also gives pupils useful advice on how to develop their writing abilities. Research methods The data serving the research analysis are collected by using mostly quantitative methods.
A survey questionnaire is delivered to 80 second-year English majors at Phenikaa University to gather information and evidence for the study. In addition, to gain more in-depth information on the issue, semi-structured interviews with the students are also applied. Research questions The process of developing the theoretical framework for a research issue is heavily influenced by the determination of the research questions. The study is carried out with an attempt to answer the following question: What are some common mistakes made by students at Phenikaa when writing academic essays? 7.
Design of the study In addition to the introduction, conclusion, and reference list, the study is divided into three main chapters. Chapter 1: Literature review The content of Chapter 1 presents the theoretical basis related to the topic of common mistakes made by students, such as grammar mistakes, vocabulary mistakes, structural mistakes, coherence and cohesion mistakes, style mistakes, and writing process mistakes. Additionally, the author synthesizes previous research and identifies the research gap concerning the common mistakes made by second-year English majors at Phenikaa University when writing essays. Chapter 2: Methodology The content of Chapter 2 presents the research methodology, including the subjects of the study and the methods employed to conduct the research.
Chapter 3: Results and Discussion In Chapter 3, the author analyzes, synthesizes, and evaluates the research results to identify the common mistakes made by second-year English major students at Phenikaa University when writing essays. Based on this analysis, the author provides recommendations to address and improve these common mistakes. 4 CHAPTER 1: LITERATURE REVIEW 1. Overview of writing essay 1.
Definition of the essay Writing is defined in different ways by numerous researchers. Firstly, writing is defined as the skill or activity of producing words on a surface by Cambridge Dictionary (2019). According to Ivanic (1988), writing is an act of identity in which people align themselves with socio-culturally shaped subject positions, and thereby play their part in reproducing or challenging dominant practices and discourses, and the values, beliefs, and interests that they embody. Besides, Nordquist (2017) described writing as a graphic symbol system that can be used to express information.
Besides, Pratiwi (2012) reported that writing is a method of representing language in visual form. Writing systems use sets of symbols to represent the sounds of speech, and may also have symbols for such things as punctuation and numerals. Similarly, Rao and Durga (2018) claimed that writing is a system of written symbols, representing the sounds, syllables or words of the language, with different mechanisms - capitalization, spelling and punctuation, word form and function. In language education, Bowker (2007) assumes writing as a skill that is required in many contexts throughout life.
For instance, you can write an email to a friend or reflect on what happened during the day in your personal diary. In the current study, writing is considered a system of graphic symbols written or marked on a flat surface of some kind that can be used to communicate. It is the system of written symbols, representing the sounds, syllables or words of the language, with different mechanisms - capitalization, spelling and punctuation, word form and function. Writing difficulties In the context of learning English as a Foreign language, writing is believed a hard skill to acquire.
Researchers in the field of language have identified problems that students face in writing into three main categories as follows. Linguistic Difficulties 5 Solikah (2017) found problems with linguistic factors in writing vary from simple to complex ones. Besides, he has identified students who faced essay writing problems in all aspects of linguistics factors including syntax, grammar, vocabulary, and mechanics. Besides, Rahmatunisa (2014) claimed that linguistics problems occur within structuring sentences such as tenses, word class, using articles, word formation, and word error.
These problems typically can arise when ELF students transfer their ideas from their native language - or mother tongue into their target language - English. According to Byrne (1988), the linguistic aspects including grammar, vocabulary, language use and choice of a sentence in writing must be fully monitored. [2] An essay has been defined in various ways. According to Faraj et al.
(2008), essays can be written about almost anything. They can be speculative, factual, or emotional; they can be personal or objective, serious or humorous. To develop writing skills and diversify types of written products, it is necessary to learn how to write a typical essay. A typical essay includes elements such as an introduction, body, conclusion, structure, etc.
An essay is very similar to a paragraph in terms of organization and order, but an essay contains more information and depth on the topic.