VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, UANOL UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST-GRADUATE STUDIES TRINH THI VIET HUONG TOM TAT LUAN VAN USE OF ADDRESSING FORMS TO EXPRESS INFORMALITY IN ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE (SU DUNG CAC TU XUNG HO DE THE HIEN TINH KHONG NGHI THUC TRONG TIENG ANH VA TIENG VIET) M. MINOR TIIESIS Field: English Linguistics Code: 602215 HANOEL 2011 VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, TANOL UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST-GRADUATE STUDIES TRINH THI VIET HUONG USE OF ADDRESSING FORMS TO EXPRESS INFORMALITY IN ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE (SU DUNG CAC TU XUNG H6 DE THE HIEN TINH KHONG NGHỊ THỨC TRONG TIẾNG ANH VA TIENG VIET) M. MINOR THESIS Field: English Linguistics Code: 602215 Supervisor: Ths. Nguyén Thuy Huong HANOE 2011 TABLE OF CONTENT ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS CIIAPTER: INTRODUCTION.
Statement of prabicm and rationale. Aims and objectives:. Significance of the study:. Structure of the thesis :.
CIIAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW .1 Culture, language and communication 2.1, Addressing forms and their definitions. Features of addressing forms. Factors affecting the choice of addressing forms. ‘I'he use of addressing terms ta express informality in Knglish and Vietnamese.1 The concept of informality.
The use of addressing forms to express informality in English 11 2. Phe use of addressing forms to express informality in Vietnamese. Chapter Three states the methodology used in the study. Therefore, research questions are revisited, the information about subjects, the data collection instruments, the data collection procedures and the data analysis.
Chapter Four discusses the outcome of the data anzlysis Chapter Five is the conchusion lo the thesis Chapter Three states the methodology used in the study. Therefore, research questions are revisited, the information about subjects, the data collection instruments, the data collection procedures and the data analysis. Chapter Four discusses the outcome of the data anzlysis Chapter Five is the conchusion lo the thesis bà 1. Research methodology The study begins by providing the theoretical background with viewpoints of various authors concerning the issue, These different viewpoints are dealt with in two ways - Bringing the viswpoints and thon giving discussion - Brietly analyzing these viewpoints.
In order to achieve the aims of the study, the main method is quantitative which is mainly roligs om * Review of relevant litcrature = Survoy questionaire ® Statistics, description and analysis of the collected data © Personal observation * Consultation with the supervisor 1. Significance of the study The shudy is hoped to be a usofub source for both pedagogical and roscurch purpose, Specifically, equipped by the outcomes of the study, language teachers and learners may find the subject matter no longer complicated but motivating uses of AFs to oxpress informality in English so that English Icarners can understand deeply addressing forms and can be confident in using addressing forms successfully.6, Structure of the thesis The thesis consists of five chapters, organized as follows. Chapter one is written to introduce the background to the study and statement of the problems. TL also presents the aitus, the research questions, research methodology, significance of the study and the design of the thesis.
Chapter two presents a review of theoretical background that is relevant to the study. It presents Iho defiritions and discusses (he relation of culture, lamguage and communication. All key terms of addressing forms and informality as well as some common features and factors affecting the choice of addressing forms are also mentioned LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AFS. „Male PF: Fernals Title alone TLN: ‘Title with last name (I'LN): 8.Last name alone FN: First name MNS:.
Pronouns: T Tfrst name [errTns T:. RÍCk name BỊ: -Bare title rE: Terms of endoarment D Demonstrative words ELT. English language teaching, LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AFS. „Male PF: Fernals Title alone TLN: ‘Title with last name (I'LN): 8.Last name alone FN: First name MNS:.
Pronouns: T Tfrst name [errTns T:. RÍCk name BỊ: -Bare title rE: Terms of endoarment D Demonstrative words ELT. English language teaching, LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AFS. „Male PF: Fernals Title alone TLN: ‘Title with last name (I'LN): 8.Last name alone FN: First name MNS:.
Pronouns: T Tfrst name [errTns T:. RÍCk name BỊ: -Bare title rE: Terms of endoarment D Demonstrative words ELT. English language teaching, CITAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Culture, Enguage and communic: Culture, language and communication ate the three concepts that are closely related. Before being examined in the relationships with the others, each is expected to be perceived ina thorough way In the first place should be the concept of culture, Social scientists have been interested in culture and how it influences people for years, Over the years there have been many different definitions of culture, with similarities as well as differences, Culture influences all aspeols of our Ki s.
We use culture lo explain sitnilarilics within and differences between groups of people (Tooby & Cosmides, 1992). Culture is not a static entity, but is ever-evolving; what we commonly know as “the generation gap” is a cultural difference as it refers to different ways of life and being for people who arc raiscd in different periods of time (Pipher, 1998). Richard et al, (1992, 138) give clear definition of cullure and point out some problems in cullure between people of different background “culture is the total sets of beliefs, attitudes, customs, behavior, social habits of the members of a particular society” Referring to culture, Harrison and Huntington (2000) comment sophisticatedly: “The tam ‘cultwe’, of course, has had multiple meaning in different disciplines and different context” (p.15) Cullure is also defined in a broader sense hy Triantis (1994) ax follows: a set of iuiman — made objective and subjective elements that in the past have increased the probability of survival and resulted in satisfaction for the participants in an ecological niche, and thus become shared among those who could communicate with each other because thay had a common language and they live in the same time and place” Obviously, there are many ways to define culture, Culture, in short, can be comprehended as a shared learned behavior that is transmitted from one generation to LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AFS. „Male PF: Fernals Title alone TLN: ‘Title with last name (I'LN): 8.Last name alone FN: First name MNS:.
Pronouns: T Tfrst name [errTns T:. RÍCk name BỊ: -Bare title rE: Terms of endoarment D Demonstrative words ELT. English language teaching, CITAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Culture, Enguage and communic: Culture, language and communication ate the three concepts that are closely related. Before being examined in the relationships with the others, each is expected to be perceived ina thorough way In the first place should be the concept of culture, Social scientists have been interested in culture and how it influences people for years, Over the years there have been many different definitions of culture, with similarities as well as differences, Culture influences all aspeols of our Ki s.
We use culture lo explain sitnilarilics within and differences between groups of people (Tooby & Cosmides, 1992). Culture is not a static entity, but is ever-evolving; what we commonly know as “the generation gap” is a cultural difference as it refers to different ways of life and being for people who arc raiscd in different periods of time (Pipher, 1998). Richard et al, (1992, 138) give clear definition of cullure and point out some problems in cullure between people of different background “culture is the total sets of beliefs, attitudes, customs, behavior, social habits of the members of a particular society” Referring to culture, Harrison and Huntington (2000) comment sophisticatedly: “The tam ‘cultwe’, of course, has had multiple meaning in different disciplines and different context” (p.15) Cullure is also defined in a broader sense hy Triantis (1994) ax follows: a set of iuiman — made objective and subjective elements that in the past have increased the probability of survival and resulted in satisfaction for the participants in an ecological niche, and thus become shared among those who could communicate with each other because thay had a common language and they live in the same time and place” Obviously, there are many ways to define culture, Culture, in short, can be comprehended as a shared learned behavior that is transmitted from one generation to LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AFS. „Male PF: Fernals Title alone TLN: ‘Title with last name (I'LN): 8.Last name alone FN: First name MNS:.
Pronouns: T Tfrst name [errTns T:. RÍCk name BỊ: -Bare title rE: Terms of endoarment D Demonstrative words ELT. English language teaching, vũ LIST OF FIGLRES AND TABLES FIGURES Vigurel: Viemamese respondents’ information Figure 2: English respondents’ division Figure 3: English respondents’ information TABLES Table 1: Different addressing forms that may be used to express informality im Vietnamese ‘Table 2: Different relations in which addressing forms can be used to express informality in Vietnamese ‘Table 3: Different settings in which addressing farms can be used to express informality in Viemamese Table A: The frequency with which addr ing forms can be used io express informality in Viermamese ‘Table 5: Different factors that can affect the choice of addressing forms to express informality in Vietnamese Table 6: The level influence of the factors on the choice of AP's in Vietnamese Table 7: Different addressing forms that may he used ta express informality in English Table 8: Different relations in which addressing forms can be used to express informality in English Table 9: Different settings in which addressing forms can be used to express informality in English ‘Table 10: The frequency with which addressing forms can be used to express informality in Fnglish Table 11: Different factors that can affect the choice of addressing forms to express informality m English. ‘Table 12: Lhe level influence of the factors on the choice of Al's in English CITAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Culture, Enguage and communic: Culture, language and communication ate the three concepts that are closely related.
Before being examined in the relationships with the others, each is expected to be perceived ina thorough way In the first place should be the concept of culture, Social scientists have been interested in culture and how it influences people for years, Over the years there have been many different definitions of culture, with similarities as well as differences, Culture influences all aspeols of our Ki s. We use culture lo explain sitnilarilics within and differences between groups of people (Tooby & Cosmides, 1992). Culture is not a static entity, but is ever-evolving; what we commonly know as “the generation gap” is a cultural difference as it refers to different ways of life and being for people who arc raiscd in different periods of time (Pipher, 1998). Richard et al, (1992, 138) give clear definition of cullure and point out some problems in cullure between people of different background “culture is the total sets of beliefs, attitudes, customs, behavior, social habits of the members of a particular society” Referring to culture, Harrison and Huntington (2000) comment sophisticatedly: “The tam ‘cultwe’, of course, has had multiple meaning in different disciplines and different context” (p.15) Cullure is also defined in a broader sense hy Triantis (1994) ax follows: a set of iuiman — made objective and subjective elements that in the past have increased the probability of survival and resulted in satisfaction for the participants in an ecological niche, and thus become shared among those who could communicate with each other because thay had a common language and they live in the same time and place” Obviously, there are many ways to define culture, Culture, in short, can be comprehended as a shared learned behavior that is transmitted from one generation to CILAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY 14 3.
Rescarch qucstions rcvisifcd.2 Selection of parficipants. Data collection instruments 3. Data collection procedures. CHAPTER 4: RESULES AND DISCUSHIONS 18 4.
Resnlts 0£ the study. Discussion uf the findings. Major similarities and differences between Victnamese and English languages and culture in using ATs to express informality 32 4.4, Implications for English language toaching .:0cceccseeeereeis seen BS CIIAPTER 35: CONCLUSION .