VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOT UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST-GRADUATE STUDLES TRAN HONG VAN A STUDY ON PROJECTION AND ITS REALIZATION IN PRESIDENT BARACK OBAMA’S SPEECH AT A CAMPAIGN EVENT IN LAS VEGAS NGHIÊN CỨU VÈ PHỎNG CIIIẾU VÀ SỰ THỂ IHIỆN CỦA NÓ TRONG BÀI PHÁT BIỂU CUA TONG TIIONG BARACK OBAMA TẠI CUỘC VẬN ĐỘNG TRANH CỬ Ớ LAS VEGAS MLA. Minor Programme ‘Thesis Field: English Linguistics Code: 60 22 15 TRanoi — 2013 VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, ILANOL UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST-GRADUATE STUDIES: TRAN HONG VAN A STUDY ON PROJECTION AND ITS REALIZATION IN PRESIDENT BARACK OBAMA’S SPEECH AT A CAMPAIGN EVENT IN LAS VEGAS NGHIEN CUL VE PHONG CHIEU VA SU THE HIEN CUA NO ‘TRONG BAI PHAT BLU CUA TONG THONG BARACK OBAMA TAI CUỘC VAN DONG TRANII CU OLAS VEGAS M.Minor Programme Thesis Kicld: English Linguistics Code: 60 22 15 Supervisor: Prof. Hoang Van Van Hanoi - 2013 TABLE OF CO ENTS DECLARATION ACKNOWLEDGEMENTỗ.c SH H02 gen ARSTRACT. TABLE OF CONTENTS.
Hee LIST OF TABLES. PART A: INTRODU CTION 1Rationale of the study Aim oŸ the study. We 3 Wesearch quasHon. 4 Scope of the study 5.
Methods of the study 6 Design of the study PART B: DEVELOPMENT CHAPTER 1 1. An overview of systemic fumetional gramsmar 1.1, Review of related studies. ‘Three metafunctions ofa language. The notion of clause complex and projection in SFG 1.
The notion of clause complex in SFG. Logico-semuntic relation. The notion of projection in SG 1. Level of projection 1.
Made of projection Part B — Development — consists of 2 chapters. Chapter 1 — Theorctival background presents the overview of systemic functional grammar and the notions of clause complex and projection. Chapter 2, the main chapter of the thesis, explores the realization of projections in President Barack Obama’s speech at a Campaign Livent in Las Vegas. Part C — Conclusion — recapitulates the results of the study.
In this part. the author reviews such concepts as systemic functional grammar, metafunctions of language, clause complex and two logico-semantic relations in clause complex More importantly, the analysis of Presider Obama's speech in terms of projection is summarized in part C. This last part also makes some implications for teaching and learning English and some suggestions for further study.OPMENT CHAPTER 1 THEORETICAL BACKGROUND 1. Intreduction In the first chapter of the study, the author attempts to present some concepts of systerme functional grammar inchiding three melafunctions of a language and lo review some related studics.
The main content of this chapter is the notion of clause complex and projection. In the clause complex, the logico-semantic relations belween clauses are focused because one of the two logico-sernaric relations, projection, is the main interest of the study. An overview of systemic functional grammar Language is am important lool in our life. We use it not only to make ourselves understood but also to maintain a relationship with other people in our society.
Grammar is part of a language. According to Matthiessen & Llalliday (1997), grammar is “the sysiem of wordings of a language”. However, the interpretation of how a language is worded depends on different theories of grammar. In linguistics history, there have been many trends of grammar, most of which began with Buropean languages such as Grocks, Romans or Latin.
Those grammar trends are mainly based on the two theoretical perspectives. Those who are in favor of the first viewpoint consider language “a set of rules” and grammar is a structure to specify those rules. From this perspective, iL is important. to define which parts of a sentence function as Subject, Predicate, Object or Adverbial.
‘This kind of grammar is often taught at. school because iLis suitable for young sludents 10 study a language. Despite its comprchensibility, it is isolated from its meaning Besides that, it does not convey the whole “grammatical system of language” but just “a fragment of grammar”. On the olher hand, because il is originaled from Huropean languages, it focuses on describing these languages.
Henoe, it is difficult to apply this grammar to non-Huropean languages such as Chinese, Japanese or Vietmamese (Matthiessen & Halliday, 1997). In that context, it is required that there Obama. It is expected that the analysis of projection will reveal the underlying meaning of the President's speech. Aim of the study The aim of the study is to explore how different types of projection are realized in President Obama’s speech at a Campaign Livent in Las Vegas.
In order to achieve this aim, an overview of the key concepts of functional grammar relevant to the study is in need of exploration to provide the theoretical framework for the analysis. Research question With such an aim as mentioned, the following question is raised for exploration: How are projections realized in President Obama’s speech. at a Campaign Event in Las Vegas? 4. Scope of the study Tn order to make the most convenience for the author, the study only focuses on exploring one of the two subtypes of logico-semantic relations between clauses: projection.
The text chosen for analysis is President Obama’s speech at a Campaign Event in Las Vegas on October 24", 2011 5. Methods of the study This study uses two main methods: descriptive method and analytical method, The descriptive method is used to re-examine the basic notions of systemic functional grammar and, in particular, the notion of projection in the clause complex. The analytical method, on the other hand, is employed to analyze President Ohama’s specch to reveal the different logico-semantie meanings of the text. Design of the study The study is divided inte 3 parts Part A — Introduction — presents the rationale, the aim, the research questions, the scope, the methods and the design of the study.
LIST OF TABLES Page Table I Relation between clauses in clause complexes Table 2 Projection of propositions and proposals Table 3 Positions of projecting clauses Table 4 Verbs used in projecting clauses Table 5 Quoting and paratactic reporting Table 6 Paired verbs of the fike type and the please type Table 7 Verbs serving in hypolactic projection Table 8 Projection nouns and fact nouns Table 9 The realization of projection in President Obama’s Speech Table 10 Meaning of the reported siatemonts in Ihe projection ol idea Table 11 Meaning of the reported statements in the projection of lacution vũ 1. Gpeech function Qƒ prQjecfioh.2, The chosen text 2. A register analysis of the text 2.4, the realization of projection in President Obama’s Speech. Hypotactic prQjeelHOf coi 3.
SuNHN8TY eo PART C: CONCLUSION. Suggestion for further study REFERENCES. APPENDIX | APPENDIX 2 NOTATIONAT. CONVENTIONS Boundary markers Ill: clause complex boundary | : clause boundary Types of dependency 1, s Parataxis a, By, .; Hypotaxis Logico-semantic relations Expansion: ~ : Elaboration Extension x: Enhancement.
Projection: Locution © Idea Others 1% a4 3"! - umber of clause complex in the text (1), (2), (3), .: number of clause in the text vi Part B — Development — consists of 2 chapters. Chapter 1 — Theorctival background presents the overview of systemic functional grammar and the notions of clause complex and projection. Chapter 2, the main chapter of the thesis, explores the realization of projections in President Barack Obama’s speech at a Campaign Livent in Las Vegas. Part C — Conclusion — recapitulates the results of the study.
In this part. the author reviews such concepts as systemic functional grammar, metafunctions of language, clause complex and two logico-semantic relations in clause complex More importantly, the analysis of Presider Obama's speech in terms of projection is summarized in part C. This last part also makes some implications for teaching and learning English and some suggestions for further study. Rationale of the study Language is the central study of linguistics.
It is a system of communication that is made of speech or writing. it emphasizes the “arrangement of sounds or written representation into larger units, e. morphemes, words, sentences, utterances” (Richards et al. This arrangement is known as grammar.
Crystal (2004) emphasizes the importance of grammar in a language. It 1s as important as the skeleton, the heartbeat, the nervous system and the intelligence of a language, because withoul gramunar, there can be no meaningful or effective communication (Crystal, 2004). Grammar is the foundation for people to express themselves. If people can understand the way grammar works, they are sure to be able to use a language effeclively.
Hence, grammar is nol only important for icachers or students, but it has a particular significance for anyone who wants to master a language (Crystal, 2004). Knowing the importance of grammar, many scholars are engrossed in sladying it. The linguislies history has scen many trends of grammar with heir advantages and disadvantages such as traditional grammar, universal grammar and generative grammar by Noam Chomsky and his followers. Ilowever, the most popular trend of grammar is functional grammar that 1s developed by Halliday and some other linguists such as Llassan, Morley, Bloor, etc.
While other trends of grammar foouses on the rules of wordings, functional grammar is concerned with the meaning and functions of a language: In Vietnam, functional grammar is studied by such grammarians as Cao Xuân Hạo (1991) with Tiếng Việt: Sơ thảo Ngữ pháp chức năng and Hoàng Văn Van (2005) wilh Ngữ pháp kinh nghiệm của củ tiếng Việt: Mô tâ theo quan diém chức năng hệ thông. In Faculty of Postgraduale Stucies, studenis have a chance to take an approach to functional grammar to discover new features of this innovative trond of grammar. For the author, what attracts her the most is projection. That is the reason why she chooses to analyze the realization of projection in a specch by President Obama.
It is expected that the analysis of projection will reveal the underlying meaning of the President's speech. Aim of the study The aim of the study is to explore how different types of projection are realized in President Obama’s speech at a Campaign Livent in Las Vegas. In order to achieve this aim, an overview of the key concepts of functional grammar relevant to the study is in need of exploration to provide the theoretical framework for the analysis. Research question With such an aim as mentioned, the following question is raised for exploration: How are projections realized in President Obama’s speech.
at a Campaign Event in Las Vegas? 4. Scope of the study Tn order to make the most convenience for the author, the study only focuses on exploring one of the two subtypes of logico-semantic relations between clauses: projection. The text chosen for analysis is President Obama’s speech at a Campaign Event in Las Vegas on October 24", 2011 5. Methods of the study This study uses two main methods: descriptive method and analytical method, The descriptive method is used to re-examine the basic notions of systemic functional grammar and, in particular, the notion of projection in the clause complex.
The analytical method, on the other hand, is employed to analyze President Ohama’s specch to reveal the different logico-semantie meanings of the text. Design of the study The study is divided inte 3 parts Part A — Introduction — presents the rationale, the aim, the research questions, the scope, the methods and the design of the study. CONVENTIONS Boundary markers Ill: clause complex boundary | : clause boundary Types of dependency 1, s Parataxis a, By, .; Hypotaxis Logico-semantic relations Expansion: ~ : Elaboration Extension x: Enhancement. Projection: Locution © Idea Others 1% a4 3"! - umber of clause complex in the text (1), (2), (3), .
