VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST-GRADUATE STUDIES CÔNG THỊ VÂN A SURVEY RESEARCH ON FRESHMEN’S PERCEPTIONS OF THE IMPORTANCE OF PRONUNCIATION AND THEIR DIFFICULTIES IN LEARNING ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION (Nghiên cứu điều tra khảo sát nhận thức của sinh viên năm thứ nhất về tầm quan trọng của phát âm và khó khăn của họ khi học phát âm tiếng Anh) M. MINOR PROGRAMME THESIS Field : English Teaching Methodology Code : 60140111 HANOI – 2017 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST-GRADUATE STUDIES CÔNG THỊ VÂN A SURVEY RESEARCH ON FRESHMEN’S PERCEPTIONS OF THE IMPORTANCE OF PRONUNCIATION AND THEIR DIFFICULTIES IN LEARNING ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION (Nghiên cứu điều tra khảo sát nhận thức của sinh viên năm thứ nhất về tầm quan trọng của phát âm và khó khăn của họ khi học phát âm tiếng Anh) M. MINOR PROGRAMME THESIS Field : English Teaching Methodology Code : 60140111 Supervisor: Nguyễn Huy Kỷ, Ph. HANOI – 2017 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com CANDIDATE’S STATEMENT I hereby certify that the thesis entitled “A Survey Research on Freshmen’s Perceptions of the improtance of pronunciation and their difficulties in Learning English Pronunciation” is the result of my own research for the Degree of Master of Arts at University of Languages and International Studies – Vietnam National University, Hanoi and that this thesis has not been submitted for any degree at any other university or tertiary institution.
Signature Công Thị Vân i LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com ACKNOWLEDGMENTS First and foremost, I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my supervisor, Nguyễn Huy Kỷ, Ph., for his help as well as his useful and practical suggestions during the period I carried out the research. If not for his valuable guidance, encouragement and correction, my thesis would not have been accomplished. I am immensely grateful to the lecturers in the Faculty of Post-Graduate Studies who gave me broad background and precious knowledge. What they taught me is really plentiful resources for my study.
My special thanks go to all informants for their completing the survey questionnaires and interviews. Last but not least, I want to thank my family and my friends for their supporting and encouraging me during the completion of this paper. Without the enthusiastic assistance of those people, this M. minor thesis could have been hardly completed.
Hanoi, 2017 ii LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com ABSTRACT Pronunciation is an integral part of foreign language learning since it directly affects learners‟ communicative competence as well as performance. However, traditionally, little attention has been paid to learners‟ perceptions of learning pronunciation in English as a Foreign Language context. In this thesis, a combined qualitative and quantitative methodological approach was used to explore the freshmen‟s awareness of the importance of pronunciation in learning English, to find out the factors which the learners consider as their difficulties in learning pronunciation and to get a deeper understanding of what really are the main goals of learners in learning pronunciation. The results of the study is vital for English teachers at Hanoi University of Industry to understand their learners‟ perceptions of learning pronunciation, learners‟ difficulties, learners‟ goals to improve their teaching methods in this section.
iii LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com TABLE OF CONTENTS CANDIDATE’S STATEMENT. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS. iv LIST OF FIGURES. vi LIST OF TABLES.
vii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS. Objectives of the study. Methods of the study. Significance of the study.
Scope of the study. Organization of the study. An overview of the previous studies. Goals of English pronunciation teaching and learning.
Factors affecting pronunciation learning. Common problems in pronunciation learning. Pronunciation teaching and learning in Vietnam. The rationale of using the survey method.
Description of the setting. Data collection instruments. Semi-structured interviews. Procedures of data collection.
22 iv LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail. RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION. Learners’ perception of the importance of pronunciation in English learning. Learners’ views on English pronunciation learning.
Learners’ goals in learning English pronunciation. Qualitative data from questionnaires. Qualitative data from semi-structured interviews. Recapitulation of the major findings.
Concluding remarks drawn from the major findings. Limitations of the study. QUESTIONNAIRE FOR LEARNER. QUESTIONS FOR INTERVIEWS.
VII v LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Time of learning English. Frequency of using English. English level of informants.
Learners’ proficiency level of English pronunciation. The amount of information which learners can get. Learners’ views on aspect which has most influence to communication. Learners’ goals in learning pronunciation .29 vi LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com LIST OF TABLES Table 1.
Learners’ views on the importance of English pronunciation. Learners’ views on aspects related to pronunciation. Factors pose difficulties for learners in learning pronunciation. Learners’ attitude towards the goals of learning pronunciation .30 vii LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS EFL English as a Foreign Language ESL English as a Second Language HaUI Hanoi University of Industry ELT English Language Teaching L1 First language L2 Second language CEFR Common European Framework of Reference viii LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.
INTRODUCTION This initial chapter is a brief overview of the study with more details of rationale, together with its scope, methods, significance and organization. Also, in this chapter, the research questions are identified to work as a clear guideline for the whole research. Rationale English has been taught in Vietnam as a compulsory subject from primary school to university for the last few decades. Harmer (2001) emphasizes that the goal of language education is to enable students to communicate in the target language.
However, due to the traditional pedagogy, emphasizing the acquisition of grammar and vocabulary rather than communicative competence, a large number of graduates still have such poor listening and speaking skills after spending years learning English. It means that they have not achieved the communicative competence. Spoken communication is determined by not only correct grammar and a great number of vocabulary but also the correct pronunciation. Hinofitis and Baily (1980 as cited in Tam, 2005) states that “up to a certain proficiency standard, the fault which most severely impairs the communication process in EFL (English as a Foreign Language)/ESL (English as a Second Language) learners is pronunciation, rather than vocabulary or grammar.
Their arguments make pronunciation more important in improving the communicative competence of learners”. Fangzhi (1998:39) considers pronunciation as a means of passing someone's message. According to Burns (2003), despite minor inaccuracies in vocabulary and grammar, learners are able to communicate effectively with good pronunciation and intonation. Thus, pronunciation is viewed as a key in EFL learning process since it is directly related to the development of learners‟ communicative competence.
Pronunciation is one of the most important things that students have to master in 1 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com order to communicate appropriately and fluently. It should be a “must” skill for English language learners. Many leaners of English as a Second Language have difficulties in pronunciation even after years of learning the language (Fraser, 2000a). Recently, the growing emphasis on communicative approaches for the teaching of English leads to the demand of pronunciation teaching and learning.
Pronunciation part is included in English curriculum. However, there is a fact that only in the Faculty of English language, pronunciation is learnt as a separated subject. Thus, what about non-major students? Whether or not the students are aware of the importance of pronunciation? To what extent do the learners care for and understand the purposes of learning pronunciation? For all reasons mentioned above, I have chosen the topic “A Survey Research on Freshmen’s Perceptions of the improtance of pronunciation and their difficulties in Learning English Pronunciation”. Objectives of the study The aim of this study is to explore the freshmen‟s perception in learning pronunciation.
To be more specific, the study is carried out to seek the answers to the following issues: Firstly, the attitudes of the freshmen at Hanoi University of Industry towards the importance of pronunciation in learning English. Secondly, the factors which the learners consider as their difficulties in learning pronunciation. Thirdly, what the students want to achieve in learning pronunciation. The findings of the study will hopefully provide better information for English teachers at Hanoi University of Industry (HaUI) to understand the views of their freshmen about learning pronunciation as well as their problems in pronunciation learning, andto determine whether learners need to reset their goals of learning, or teachers need to adjust their methods of teaching pronunciation, or they should give 2 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com learners more direction to help them overcome their difficulties and set realistic and achievable goals.
Research questions To achieve the above mentioned purposes, the following research questions are set out to be answered: How do the first-year-students at HaUI perceive the importance of pronunciation in learning English? Which factors do the learners consider as their difficulties in the process of learning English pronunciation? What are the goals of students in terms of learning English pronunciation? 4. Methods of the study To fulfill the aims of the study, both quantitative and qualitative methods were selected for this survey research. The data serving the research analysis and findings are collected by the following instruments: Survey questionnaires Interviews Analyzing the questions meticulously The collected data comes from the freshmen studying in two non-major classes at HaUI. Then the analysis is carried out in the light of finding out the answers to the research question.
The final conclusion is based on these findings. Significance of the study The findings of the study reveal a new view of learners about learning English pronunciation. It provides insights for teachers to understand their learners‟ needs of pronunciation in spoken English learning to improve their teaching methods in this section. 3 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.
Scope of the study The participants of the study are the first-year students at Hanoi University of Industry. However, the informants of the study are limited to non-major students. There are many aspects to talk about learning English pronunciation. This paper only deals with the barriers that directly affect the learners‟ English pronunciation learning and their goals of learning pronunciation.
Organization of the study My thesis is composed of three main parts. Part A, Introduction, is concerned with the rationale, the aims, the research questions, the methods, the scope, the significance and the structure of the study. Part B, Development, consists of three chapters as follows: Chapter 1, Literature Review, presents an overview of the previous studies as well as the various concepts most relevant to the research topic. Chapter 2, Methodology, gives an account of how the research is carried out.
Chapter 3, Research Findings and Discussion, analyzes the collected data as well as discusses the major findings. Part C, Conclusion, addresses the key issues in the study, summarizes some shortcomings revealed during the process of the completing the study, and then gives some suggestions for further studies. 4 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail. LITERATURE REVIEW This chapter is to provide background information for the study.
Firstly, the author will give a brief review of previous studies about learners‟ perceptions of learning pronunciation. Next, the various concepts relevant to the research topic will be presented, including the definitions of “pronunciation”, the role of pronunciation in learning English, the goals of English pronunciation learning and teaching, and some common factors affecting the process of learning pronunciation. Lastly, the current situation of teaching and learning pronunciation in Vietnam will be mentioned.