Nghiên Cứu Về CSR và Sự Gắn Kết Thương Hiệu Tại Việt Nam - Tran Quoc Trung, Trường Đại Học Kinh ...

Luận văn thạc sĩ nghiên cứu corporate social responsibility practices and customer brand engagement evidence from vietnam, khảo sát thực trạng, phân tích nguyên nhân, đề xuất giải

Người đăng

Ẩn danh

Thể loại

Thesis

2015

85
0
0

Phí lưu trữ

30 Point

Mục lục chi tiết

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

ABSTRACT

Contents

2. CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW

4. CHAPTER 4: DATA ANALYSIS

5. CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSIONS, IMPLICATIONS AND LIMITATIONS

Appendix 2: English version of Questionnaire Survey. Vietnamese version of Questionnaire Survey

Appendix 4: Brand Frequency

Appendix 5: Charts of multiple regression analysis

Appendix 6: Rotated Component Matrix before removing items

1. CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1. Research background

1.2. Research problem

1.3. Research gap

1.4. Research objectives

1.5. Significance of study

1.6. Research scope and methodology

1.7. Research structure

3. Chapter 3: Research Methodology

Trích đoạn nội dung tài liệu

UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS HO CHI MINH CITY International School of Business ------------------------------ Tran Quoc Trung CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY PRACTICES AND CUSTOMER BRAND ENGAGEMENT: EVIDENCE FROM VIETNAM MASTER OF BUSINESS (Honours) Ho Chi Minh City –2015 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS HO CHI MINH CITY International School of Business ------------------------------ Tran Quoc Trung CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY PRACTICES AND CUSTOMER BRAND ENGAGEMENT: EVIDENCE FROM VIETNAM ID: 22130089 MASTER OF BUSINESS (Honours) SUPERVISOR: LE NGUYEN HAU Ho Chi Minh City – 2015 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Firstly, I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my supervisor Assoc. Le Nguyen Hau for his professional guidance, valuable comments, and continuous encouragement as well as helpful support that made this thesis possible. I am sincerely thankful to proposal examination committee. Their valuable suggestions contributed significantly to this study and supported me in completing with best results. Special thanks to all of my classmate in MBUS 4 class, who gave me useful support for conducting this study. I also would like to express my grateful thanks to my friends and people in Vietnam who participated in filling the questionnaires for providing the valuable information to this study. Personally and finally, the deepest and sincerest gratitude go to my beloved family for the boundless support, abundant love and encouragement throughout my period of study. Therefore, I devote this work as a gift to them all. TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com ABSTRACT In the Vietnam context after Doimoi, Vietnam is one of the transition economic nations strongly affected by global market. With expectation, this research explores the effect of customer perception of a firm’s corporate social responsibility on customer brand engagement through a survey of 226 people who live in Ho Chi Minh City. The collected data was analyzed and evaluated by SPSS program with analysis of reliability, factor analysis, and multiple regression analysis. Current study finds out that economic, legal, ethical, and philanthropy CSR perception have significant impact on customer brand engagement. Generally, this study contributes ideas about CSR to brand owners as well as managers. Customer also identify more clearly about CSR practices and reorient their chosen. These finding suggest that the brand owners, managers should carefully consider the ethical practices, then philanthropy, economic and legal practices in order to engage more customer. Besides, the managers should state out their practices, which enhance perception of customer about their practices. Key words: economic CSR perception, legal CSR perception, ethical CSR perception, philanthropy CSR perception, customer brand engagement. TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com Contents Abbreviation .1 List of Figure .1 List of table .5 Significance of study .6 Research scope and methodology .5 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW .2 The concept of corporate social responsibility (CSR) .3 Corporate social responsibility (CSR) theories .2 Caroll’s CSR conceptualization-Carroll’s CSR pyramid .19 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.5 Data analysis method .3 Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) .4 Multiple Regression Analysis .25 CHAPTER 4: DATA ANALYSIS .2 The reliability analysis: Cronbach’s Alpha test .3 Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) for measurement scale .1 Independent factors: CSR perceptions .2 Dependent factor: Customer brand engagement .4 Multiple regression analysis: testing hypothesis .2 Hypothesis testing: relationship between independent variables and dependent variable.5 Discussions on the results .40 CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSIONS, IMPLICATIONS AND LIMITATIONS .47 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.3 Limitation and further research . Guidelines for In-depth Interview Respondents’ information .63 Appendix 2: English version of Questionnaire Survey. Vietnamese version of Questionnaire Survey .69 Appendix 4: Brand Frequency .73 Appendix 5: Charts of multiple regression analysis .74 Appendix 6: Rotated Component Matrix before removing items .75 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com Abbreviation CSR Corporate social responsibility CE Customer engagement ACCA The Association of Chartered Certified Accountants CIMA The Chartered Institute of Management Accountants CIM Canadian Investment Manager WTO World Trade Organization TNCs Transnational corporations 3MCPD 3-chloropropane-1, 2-diol WBCSD World Business Council for Sustainable Development CSP Corporate social performance i TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com List of Figure Figure 1: The pyramid of Corporate Social Responsibility ………………………….12 Figure 2: Concept model…………………………………………………………….15 Figure 3: Research process……………………………………………………………….18 Figure 4: Histogram of Customer Brand Engagement ……………………………………74 Figure 5: Normal P-P plot of Customer Brand Engagement …………………………….74 Figure 6: Scatter plot of Customer Brand Engagement ………………………………….74 ii TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com List of table Table 3.2 Result of Cronbach’s Alpha ………………………………………………….3 KMO and Bartlett's Test……………………………………………………….4 Total Variance Explained …………………………………………………….5 Rotated Component Matrix.6 KMO and Bartlett's Test ……………………………………………………….7 Total Variance Explained.9 Cronbach’s Alpha after reducing items ………………………………….12 Model Summary ………………………………………………………………38 Table 4.14 Summary of hypotheses testing result.1 Rotated Component Matrix …………………………………………………….75 iii TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Research background Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has received increasing attention by many executives and researchers throughout the world, especially in recent decades. For example, in 2011, the survey of KPMG international corporate about CSR practices in business in the world showed that there were 3400 companies in 34 countries consider CSR as mainstream in businesses, this figures in 2013 were 4100 companies in 41 countries (KPMG, 2013). In addition, many professional bodies such as the Association of Chartered Certified Accountants (ACCA), the Chartered Institute of Management Accountants (CIMA), the Canadian Investment Manager (CIM) and universities have been reinforcing themselves by identifying the role of CSR in sustainable business (Hassan, Nareeman & Pauline, 2013). Carroll (1991) defines the CSR as the social obligations to many stakeholders, environment while making profits for shareholders. CSR is the necessities that utilizing whole resources of business in bring the harmony to the society and leading sustainability (Chung, Yu, Choi & Shin, 2015). Cardebat and Sirven (2010) also argue that CSR activities help firms improving their effectiveness and profits in current situation and in the future. Many researchers have debated about the role of CSR, as declaration of Luetkenhorst (2004) CSR plays a role that push corporation from a state of mere compliance to a mode of engagement, from harm minimization to value creation. The resources of world recently are scarcer and more dwindling, CSR is therefore founded on a stronger position in business activity as an active partner. CSR is a worldwide issue across all over the world and it has been observed in many developed and developing countries, Vietnam with open economic conditions has also faced with this impact. In Vietnam, the notion of CSR gained it momentum over past few years. From Doi Moi reforms (economic renovation) in 1986 and open-door policy, Vietnam government admitted and encouraged the privately-owned enterprises besides state-owned bodies that was an initial mark for dynamic transition with the aim for better integration into the global economy. With this shift, Vietnam market has been predominantly pushed by international and transitional factors. In addition, joining the World Trade Organization 1|Page TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com (WTO) in 2007 was the further step in this direction that made more efforts in following codes of conduct of global. Accompanying with the changes of economy is the popularity of CSR which was spread early in Vietnam by Western transnational corporations (TNCs) (Debroux, as cited in Hamm, 2012), those forces of economy bring the pressure not only to the Vietnam government for setting up Vietnam Agenda 21 as a CSR-related sustainability strategy that officially signed in 2004 for serious consideration of government about sustainable development in Vietnam, but also to business to make more adaptation to compete with global market.2 Research problem In Vietnam, the remarkable economic development recently has promoted the integration of the Vietnam’s business into the global market deeply. With this, their brand plays an important role for positioning the market. Contrary to the past, the development of information age has supported customers, especially in connecting variety of information, CSR is not excluded. Besides, customers have more opportunities for choosing brands from numerous objectives. Recently, CSR become the new factor influence on their critical decision making (Pham, 2011). For example, nearly 73 percentage of Vietnamese customers willing pay more money for brands relating to CSR and they also most interest about CSR when compare to the world (Nielsen, 2014). On the other hand, along with the open-door and integration deeply, it is required that brands need innovating for engaging the belief of customer. Brand managers are changing to adopt CSR for connecting more customers. Many brand managers are striving to meet customer need by their best effort, not only the quality of product and service, but also the responsibility to society. For example, the corporation groups received the award Giai Thuong Sao Vang Dat Viet 2015 whose activities all relating to CSR and the top 10 enterprises received CSR award are almost small and medium enterprises (Lê Mỹ, 2015). However, CSR practices are not considered completely in Vietnam. Pham suggests that there are companies consider CSR is only charity more than real need of them. The knowledge of CSR is incomprehensive (Luu, 2011), most of companies do not have right direction about CSR and its role as well (Central Institute for 2|Page TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com Economic Management, 2014). In addition, many large groups consider CSR activities should begin from empathy to the society (Kim Yến, 2015). Besides, Pham states that the Vietnamese customer awareness about CSR information is strong, but they do not have clear attitude. There are customers just think that companies should have commitments to them and community at large, whatever it is (Bui, 2010). Majority of them have very limited information about CSR and just focus on price (Central Institute for Economic Management, 2014). Therefore, the practice of CSR by business and the perception of Vietnamese customers about CSR are fairly ambiguous. Much worse, recently many issues occur that destroy the belief of customers about CSR practices of companies such as: the violation of environmental standards by Taiwanese food manufacturer, Vedan, who was accused of destroying the Thi Vai Rivers for about 14 years; soy sauce 3MCPD; melamine-tainted milk; petrol station fraud; etc. These things create the distance between customers and efforts of companies to their brand. Hence, CSR practices has not yet contributed effectively to relationship of customer and brands in Vietnam situation.3 Research gap Recently, some researchers propose that CSR concept lets the executives define the social obligations and build trusting relationship according to their strategy (Kim, Hur & Woo, 2014). Against this backdrop, the concept has been focusing on many aspects of stakeholders such as owner’s wealth (Lee, Seo & Sharma, 2013), customer behavior (Nehme, Charbel & Aline, 2013), employee attitude (Glavas & Kelley, 2014) and even financial performance (Waworuntu, Wantah & Rusmanto, 2014), etc. Among studies on customer behaviors, the previous researchers emphasize the importance of CSR toward engagement of customer to brand, meaning that they have specific emotion and consideration to a certain brand (Goldsmith & Goldsmith, 2012). According to Australian Consumer Association (as cited in McDonald & Rundle-Thiele, 2008), the CSR activities without customer perception that make the customers have highly switch brand behavior. These studies indicate CSR perception has a positive impact on customer engagement to public listed brands which have more confirmative reports (Mattera, Baena & Cervino, 2012). Similarly, in the study by Popescu (2012) indicates that CSR reputation is constantly making efforts to enforcing brand 3|Page TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com trust and reputation. Therefore, customer perception to CSR is very important in customer’s brand engagement because it decides the customer favor to a specific brand. Based on statement of So, King and Sparks (2014), they believe that the conceptualization of customer engagement covers both psychological and behavioral dimensions including components, namely, enthusiasm which means strong level of excitement and interest, attention which is conscious or unconscious, absorption which means pleasant state, interaction which means sharing and exchanging, and identification which means self-image overlap the brand’s image. In Vietnam, according to my best effort for finding the literature about customer engagement, the application of customer engagement concept is still new, there is few study relating to comprehensive knowledge of customer brand engagement.

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