VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOT UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST-GRADUATE STUDIES PHÙNG THỊ ĐỨC A VIETNAMESE —ENGLISH CROSS-CULTURAL STUDY ON TITE USE OF RESPONDING TO ENGLISIT GREETINGS (Nghiên cứu Giao thoa Văn hoá Anh- Việt trong việc sử dụng lời đáp lại các lời chào của tiếng Anh) Minor Thesis Field: English Linguistics Code: 60 22 15 TIANOI - 2010 VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOL UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES: FACULTY OF POST-GRADUATE STUDIES PHUNG THI BUC A VIETNAMESE - ENGLISH CROSS-CULTURAL STUDY ON THE USE OF RESPONDING TO ENGLISH GREETINGS NGHIÊN CUU GIAO VANTIOA ANIT—VIET TRƠNG VIỆC SỬ DỤNG LOIDAP LAI CAC LOI CHAO CUA TIENG ANH M. Mino Programme Thesis Major: English Linguistics Code: 60 22 15. Supervisor: PHAN THI VAN QUYEN, MA. TIANOT - 2010 iv TABLE OF CONTENTS RETENTION OF THE STUDY PROJECT REPORT.
ACKNOW LEGEME ABSTRACT. ol TL Aims of the study. Scope of the study. Design of the study.
3 PART Li: DEVELOPMENT. „ò4 Chapter One: Tảlerature Review. Language and culture 5 1. Cross-eullural communication 6 1.
Cross-cultural pragmatics uF 14. An overview of groctings in English and Vietnamese. Definition of greetings 12 1. Functions of greetings - - 12 15.
Characteristos of greetings - - 13 1. Addressing forms in greetings. Addressing forms in Victnamese greeting - 14 1. Addressing forms in English preetings.
Types of greetings - - 16 1.Greetings in passing - 17 William Frawley (1992:45) says: “Culture is the final arbiter of meaning, or linguistic micaning is entirely determined by the cultural cortcxl in which the langeage occurs” In Bromfit’s words (C.J et al: 1995), language is one of the most important symbol systems in any culluve, thus, there is no surprise thal language and cullure should be taughl and jearned in the foreign or second language classrooms as learning a new language means learning a new culture 1. Cross-cultural communication Obviously, cultural components play an important role in conveying the message of communication, People living im a cultural environment gradually learn the language, beliefs and behavior of the group in whieh they re nurtured, ‘'hey know and understand the manners which arc aeeuptable in thoir sovicty. Thus, thore is an understandings bobweon those who share the same culture, However, when people fiom different cultural backgrounds, cross-cultural communication occurs. Jose, P (1992) states Things happen as cntitics from different cultwes dircctly and constantly communicate.
This, obviously, will lead to changes of the original patterns, or in other words, cross- cultural communication is the exchange of cultures and also the results of these changes. Sooner or later they will experience a period of curiosity, fiustration, anger, alienation, depression and other such reactions that have come to be labeled “culture shock”. It is the reaction of the person from his cullure to the visitor's behavior corning from other culture. It seems that no matter how well a person has prepared himself, some degree of “shock” is inevitable and, some would say, necessary for better adjustment.
What is important is to Tooogrizz those facings and lo know how to respond to them. (Condon and Yousef, 1996) In order to cope with this problem, we should adopt openness, a receptive attitude towards other cultures, never see them as awkward or meaningless, Mentioning what makes communication sueccssfud, Byram and Flomin (1998:12) stated “acquisition of abilitics to understand different modes of thinking, and living, as they are embodied in the language to be leamt, and to reconcile or mediate between different modes present in any specific inicraction” situations, which partly helps Lnglish leamers in Vistnam have more confidence and achicve mor in communicating in English II. Aims of the study The ultimate goal of this research is to investigate the specific situations of responding the grestings among leamers of English with ccrfain variables {i. age, gender, social hicrarchy, cte.) lo provide readers general information aboul English and Vielnamese greetings and the way they reply a greeting in their own language to compare and contrast replying strategies in English and Vietnamese in order to bring about the similarities and differences in the way Vietnamese and Fry ish people reply a greeting ‘Therefore, the rescarch questions arc What are the verbal strategies used.
by Vietnamese and English people to reply a greeting? What are the similarities and differences in responding to greeting in English and Vicinamesc? IIL. Scope of the study Although the role of paralinguistie and non-verbal factors in real-life communication1s fully conscious, the study focuses on the verbal aspects of the act of replying a greeting only. ‘The study is confined only to strategies of replying a greeting in Vietnamese and Anglophone cultwe. The Vietnamese Northern dialect and the Euglish langnag: spoken in Great Britain are chosen for contrastive analysis.
Conducting survey questionnaires enables the author to collect the data from a large population in a short period of time. Recorded and videotaped faoe-to face conversations are impossible due to the limitation of time, geographical distance and ñnanctal đi [ñewftics. William Frawley (1992:45) says: “Culture is the final arbiter of meaning, or linguistic micaning is entirely determined by the cultural cortcxl in which the langeage occurs” In Bromfit’s words (C.J et al: 1995), language is one of the most important symbol systems in any culluve, thus, there is no surprise thal language and cullure should be taughl and jearned in the foreign or second language classrooms as learning a new language means learning a new culture 1. Cross-cultural communication Obviously, cultural components play an important role in conveying the message of communication, People living im a cultural environment gradually learn the language, beliefs and behavior of the group in whieh they re nurtured, ‘'hey know and understand the manners which arc aeeuptable in thoir sovicty.
Thus, thore is an understandings bobweon those who share the same culture, However, when people fiom different cultural backgrounds, cross-cultural communication occurs. Jose, P (1992) states Things happen as cntitics from different cultwes dircctly and constantly communicate. This, obviously, will lead to changes of the original patterns, or in other words, cross- cultural communication is the exchange of cultures and also the results of these changes. Sooner or later they will experience a period of curiosity, fiustration, anger, alienation, depression and other such reactions that have come to be labeled “culture shock”.
It is the reaction of the person from his cullure to the visitor's behavior corning from other culture. It seems that no matter how well a person has prepared himself, some degree of “shock” is inevitable and, some would say, necessary for better adjustment. What is important is to Tooogrizz those facings and lo know how to respond to them. (Condon and Yousef, 1996) In order to cope with this problem, we should adopt openness, a receptive attitude towards other cultures, never see them as awkward or meaningless, Mentioning what makes communication sueccssfud, Byram and Flomin (1998:12) stated “acquisition of abilitics to understand different modes of thinking, and living, as they are embodied in the language to be leamt, and to reconcile or mediate between different modes present in any specific inicraction” William Frawley (1992:45) says: “Culture is the final arbiter of meaning, or linguistic micaning is entirely determined by the cultural cortcxl in which the langeage occurs” In Bromfit’s words (C.J et al: 1995), language is one of the most important symbol systems in any culluve, thus, there is no surprise thal language and cullure should be taughl and jearned in the foreign or second language classrooms as learning a new language means learning a new culture 1.
Cross-cultural communication Obviously, cultural components play an important role in conveying the message of communication, People living im a cultural environment gradually learn the language, beliefs and behavior of the group in whieh they re nurtured, ‘'hey know and understand the manners which arc aeeuptable in thoir sovicty. Thus, thore is an understandings bobweon those who share the same culture, However, when people fiom different cultural backgrounds, cross-cultural communication occurs. Jose, P (1992) states Things happen as cntitics from different cultwes dircctly and constantly communicate. This, obviously, will lead to changes of the original patterns, or in other words, cross- cultural communication is the exchange of cultures and also the results of these changes.
Sooner or later they will experience a period of curiosity, fiustration, anger, alienation, depression and other such reactions that have come to be labeled “culture shock”. It is the reaction of the person from his cullure to the visitor's behavior corning from other culture. It seems that no matter how well a person has prepared himself, some degree of “shock” is inevitable and, some would say, necessary for better adjustment. What is important is to Tooogrizz those facings and lo know how to respond to them.
(Condon and Yousef, 1996) In order to cope with this problem, we should adopt openness, a receptive attitude towards other cultures, never see them as awkward or meaningless, Mentioning what makes communication sueccssfud, Byram and Flomin (1998:12) stated “acquisition of abilitics to understand different modes of thinking, and living, as they are embodied in the language to be leamt, and to reconcile or mediate between different modes present in any specific inicraction” William Frawley (1992:45) says: “Culture is the final arbiter of meaning, or linguistic micaning is entirely determined by the cultural cortcxl in which the langeage occurs” In Bromfit’s words (C.J et al: 1995), language is one of the most important symbol systems in any culluve, thus, there is no surprise thal language and cullure should be taughl and jearned in the foreign or second language classrooms as learning a new language means learning a new culture 1. Cross-cultural communication Obviously, cultural components play an important role in conveying the message of communication, People living im a cultural environment gradually learn the language, beliefs and behavior of the group in whieh they re nurtured, ‘'hey know and understand the manners which arc aeeuptable in thoir sovicty. Thus, thore is an understandings bobweon those who share the same culture, However, when people fiom different cultural backgrounds, cross-cultural communication occurs. Jose, P (1992) states Things happen as cntitics from different cultwes dircctly and constantly communicate.
This, obviously, will lead to changes of the original patterns, or in other words, cross- cultural communication is the exchange of cultures and also the results of these changes. Sooner or later they will experience a period of curiosity, fiustration, anger, alienation, depression and other such reactions that have come to be labeled “culture shock”. It is the reaction of the person from his cullure to the visitor's behavior corning from other culture. It seems that no matter how well a person has prepared himself, some degree of “shock” is inevitable and, some would say, necessary for better adjustment.
What is important is to Tooogrizz those facings and lo know how to respond to them. (Condon and Yousef, 1996) In order to cope with this problem, we should adopt openness, a receptive attitude towards other cultures, never see them as awkward or meaningless, Mentioning what makes communication sueccssfud, Byram and Flomin (1998:12) stated “acquisition of abilitics to understand different modes of thinking, and living, as they are embodied in the language to be leamt, and to reconcile or mediate between different modes present in any specific inicraction” PART I: INTRODUCTION 1. Rationale In recent years, English has becom: an inlornational Ianguage uscd widely all over the world, It is not only the language of communication and media but also the language of knowledge and cult Mastering English is considered an obligated condition for everyone in Viena and iL is implied to he a “passport” for a good job because Eneglis serves their job and their promotion. Therefore, people pay more and more attention to Jearning English.
