UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS FACULTY OF POLITICAL ECONOMY — — Dp GRADUATION THESIS HERITAGE ECONOMY DEVELOPMENT IN VIETNAM: CURRENT SITUATION AND SOLUTIONS Ha Noi, 2023 DECLERATION I hereby declare that the thesis "Heritage economic development in Vietnam: Current situation and solutions" is an independent research work, completed by myself. The data, references and citations used in this thesis all clearly state the author's origin and are recorded in the reference list. Ha Noi, October 2023 Supervisor’s Approval Student Ph.D Le Minh Quang Chu Phuong Mai ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The topic "Heritage economy development in Vietnam: Current situation and solutions" is the content that I researched and wrote my graduation thesis after studying at the Faculty of Political Economy, University of Economics and Business. During the process of researching and completing the thesis, I received much attention and help from teachers, colleagues, family and friends.
For the most successful thesis, I would like to send my sincere thanks to: The Falcuty of Political Economy, University of Economics and Business has created a very good learning and training environment, providing me with useful knowledge and skills to help me apply and easily carry out my thesis. Le Minh Quang is a passionate teacher who has dedicatedly guided and helped me throughout the process of researching and implementing the project. I would also like to sincerely thank the Board of Directors and teachers of the University of Economics and Business for creating the opportunity for me to work at the school to gain knowledge and practical experience to have useful information for my thesis. Finally, I would like to thank my family and friends for always encouraging me and creating the best conditions for me to make every effort to complete my research.
Sincerely, Chu Phuong Mai LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES INTRODUCTION 1. The necessity of the †OpIC. Goals and tasks of the research. Object and scope of the res€arCÌh.
New contributions ofthe Thesis. Structure of the topi CHAPTER 1: OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH SITUATIO! METHODS 1. Overview of research on heritage economy developmeni. Domestic research documents 1.
Foreign research documents. General assessment ofthe research prOj€CfS. Data collection methodis. Data analysis method CHAPTER 2: THEORETICAL BASIS OF HERITAGE ECONOMY DEVELOPMENT 2.
Concepts, characteristics and types of heritage economy. Characteristics of heritage economy 2. Types ofheritage economy. Manifestations of heritage economy development and the role of heritage economy development in Vietnam.
Manifestations of heritage economy development. The role of heritage economy development 2. Interest relationships and market limitations in heritage economic development 31 2. Interest relationships in heritage economic development.
Market limitations in heritage economic development. Content of heritage economy development 36 2. Create an environment for heritage economy development 37 2. Promulgate mechanisms and policies to support heritage economy development 38 2.
Ensure harmony of interests in heritage economy development. Conserve heritage in parallel with developing heritage economy. Criteria for evaluating heritage economy development. Factors affecting heritage economy developimen(.
Factors belonging to the macro environm€n. The factors belong to the local government 49 2. Factors belong to heritages. 50 CHAPTER 3: CURRENT STATUS OF HERITAGE ECONOMY DEVELOPMENT IN VIETNAM 3.
Current status of Vietnam's heritage resources scale 3. Current status of heritage economy development in Vietnam. Current status of the role of local governments in heritage economic development in Vietnam. Current status of creating an environment for heritage economic đevelopment.
Current status of promulgating mechanisms and policies to support heritage KuOnUi0lià/J0000 00A“. Current status of ensuring harmony of benefits for heritage economy development 3. Current status of conserving heritage in parallel with developing heritage economy 72 3. General assessment of the current status of heritage economy development in “VIỆHHAH.
Limited and causes. 76 CHAPTER 4: PERSPECTIVES AND SOLUTIONS FOR HERITAGE ECONOMY DEVELOPMENT 79 4. Perspectives on heritage economy developimeII. Solutions for heritage economic developiment.
85 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ASEAN Association of South East Asian Nations GDP Gross Domestic Product GRDP Gross Regional Domestic Product OCOP One Community One Product OTOP One Tambon One Product OVOP One Village One Product UNESCO. | United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization USD United States Dollar VND Viet Nam Dong LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES Figure 1.1 Reseach process Figure 3.1 Product structure in the OCOP program by groups in Vietnam Figure 3.2 Number of OCOP products by region in Vietnam Table 3.1 Tangible and Intangible World Heritage in Vietnam Table 3.2 Distribution of heritage sites across provinces and cities in Vietnam Table 3.3 Capital source for implementing the OCOP program in Vietnam Table 3.4 Subjects participating in the OCOP program in Vietnam Table 3.5 Direct and Indirect labor in heritage tourism in some provinces INTRODUCTION 1. The necessity of the topic Heritage economy is a relatively popular type of economy and is developed in many countries around the world. Many countries take advantage of heritage for economic development such as England, France, Spain.
Italy each year attracts over 50 million international visitors to the heritage tourism industry, bringing in revenues of nearly 170 billion USD (approximately 85% of Vietnam's total GDP in 2016) (Dung, L. At the continental level, Europe has the Alliance of European Heritage Conservation Groups, which sets annual "European Heritage Days" in the third week of September to expand access to heritage for all subjects. The European Heritage Days are a series of participatory cultural events shared by the people of Europe. The birth of the heritage economy is one of the efforts to attach heritage to socio-economic development policies.
As a specialized field of economics, heritage economics emerged relatively recently (Throsby, 2012). The role of the heritage economy is shown explicitly in the fact that it contributes to creating jobs and increasing household income, redeveloping the city center, heritage tourism, real estate value, nurturing small businesses (Rypkema, 2015); creating conditions to awaken and promote the potential ofa large segment ofthe population to participate in the country's development; restore and develop traditional occupations; contribute to the growth of the country's GDP and increase the state budget; economic development and preservation of heritage values. Vietnam has a history spanning several thousand years, with 54 ethnic groups living together in the territory, demonstrating the diversity and richness of cultural heritage in the territory of Vietnam. Up to now, Vietnam has more than 40,000 relics and landscapes, of which more than 3,000 relics are ranked national relics, and more than 7,000 relics are ranked provincial relics.
Among the national monuments, there are 105 unique national monuments and eight world heritage sites. These are a massive resource for heritage economy development. In recent years, Vietnam has been paying attention to developing the heritage economy - a new field of economic development based on local cultural resources. Many types of heritage economies have been born and developed, typically including heritage tourism, OCOP production, and products with the symbolic value of heritage.
The total investment capital to implement the above production programs is up to billions of dollars (Hoang et al. In provinces and cities with extensive heritage resources, taking advantage of these resources for economic development is also increasingly focused on by local governments. Discussions and seminars have been organized to discuss this issue, and provincial-level scientific research projects with billions of dollars in funding related to this issue are being and will be carried out. Heritage is an excellent resource for economic development.
Taking advantage of this strength to exploit the economic value of heritage is very important. However, currently, many provinces and cities have yet to really do this well. Although there is an immense heritage treasure, the economic value of the heritage obtained is not commensurate. Many problems still need to be solved in the process of researching and implementing heritage economy development, such as how to both develop the economy and preserve heritage values, exploit and use natural heritage resources reasonably, and ensure harmony of interests in heritage economy development.
Therefore, to develop the heritage economy in Vietnam in the coming time, it is necessary to promote the role of local governments through a system of viewpoints, policies, and measures to create an environment, support resources for the heritage economy and implement policies to ensure harmony of interests between relevant entities in heritage economy development. For the above reasons, I chose "Heritage economy development in Vietnam: Current situation and solutions" as my graduation thesis topic. Research questions The research question of the thesis is: (1) What content does heritage economy development include? (2) What is the current status of heritage economy development in Vietnam? (3) What are the limitations and causes of limitations in the development of Vietnam's heritage economy in recent times? (4) What solutions are there to overcome limitations and solve problems to promote heritage economy development in Vietnam in the coming time? 3. Goals and tasks of the research 3.
Objectives of the study The thesis was conducted to find out the current status of heritage economy development trends in Vietnam; At the same time, the thesis proposes some perspectives and solutions to promote heritage economy development in the coming time. Research mission Research tasks of the topic: (i) Systematize a number of theoretical issues on heritage economy development: - Clarifying related concepts and economic characteristics of heritage; - Manifestations of heritage economy development and the role of heritage economy development; - Interest relationships and market limitations in heritage economy development; - Content, influencing factors, and criteria for evaluating heritage economy development. (ii) Analyze and evaluate the current status of heritage economy development in Vietnam: - Analyze the current status of heritage economy development in some provinces and cities based on the content of heritage economy development; - Assess the current status of heritage economy development in Vietnam based on evaluation criteria and factors affecting heritage economy development; - Issues that need to be resolved in heritage economy development in Vietnam. (iii) Analyze the new context affecting heritage economy development in Vietnam; offer opinions and propose solutions to develop the heritage economy in Vietnam in the coming time.
Object and scope of the research 4. Object of the research The research object of the project is heritage economy development in Vietnam 4. Scope of the research - About time: The thesis researches the current status of heritage economy development in Vietnam from 2012 to 2023. - About space: The thesis researches within the space of provinces and cities with outstanding heritage resources.
- Regarding content: The thesis researches the issue of heritage economy development approached from the perspective of political economy, which is to ensure harmony between the interests of subjects participating in heritage economy development and limit the defects of the market economy in the process of developing the heritage economy in Vietnam. The interests of the subjects participating in heritage economy development are both unified, but at the same time, there may also be conflicts that need to be resolved. Conflicts that arise cannot be resolved if left to be regulated by the market, so the regulatory role of the State and local authorities is needed. From there, the thesis identifies the important role in managing and promoting heritage economy development that belongs to local governments.
On that basis, the thesis focuses on clarifying what local governments need to do to promote heritage economy development while ensuring harmony of interests of all subjects. Along with that, the thesis also analyzes and evaluates the results of heritage economy development in some provinces and cities over the past time in terms of quality, structure, business lines. from which to have more arguments for answering the research questions posed. New contributions of the Thesis 5.
Theoretically The thesis contributes to generalizing and supplementing some issues related to the theory of heritage economy development. Specifically, the thesis has introduced the concept of heritage economy development, analyzed the manifestations of heritage economy development and the role of heritage economic development in the economy.