Phân Tích Các Yếu Tố Quyết Định Chi Tiêu Y Tế Hộ Gia Đình Tại Việt Nam Dựa Trên Dữ Liệu VHLSS 2006

Luận văn thạc sĩ nghiên cứu ueh determinants of household healthcare expenditure an analysis in vietnam by using of vhlss 2006, đánh giá hiện trạng, phân tích vấn đề, đề xuất biện

Chuyên ngành

Development Economics

Người đăng

Ẩn danh

Thể loại

Thesis

2011

79
2
0

Phí lưu trữ

30 Point

Mục lục chi tiết

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

DECLARATION

ABSTRACT

LIST OF TABLES

LIST OF FIGURES

LIST OF APPENDIXS

1. CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1. Problem statement

1.2. Objectives of the study

1.3. Research questions

2. CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1. Healthcare

2.2. Household Healthcare expenditure

2.3. An overview of the Empirical studies relates to household healthcare expenditure

3. CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY AND DATA SET

3.1. Econometric Model of the study

3.2. Some definitions of VHLSS 2006

3.3. Estimation strategy

4. CHAPTER 4: RESEARCH FINDINGS FOR HOUSEHOLD HEALTHCARE EXPENDITURES IN VIETNAM

4.1. Overview household healthcare expenditure in Vietnam

4.2. Household characteristics and healthcare expenditure

4.3. Community characteristics and healthcare expenditure

4.4. Estimated results and Explanation

5. CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1. Conclusions

5.2. Policy recommendations

REFERENCES

APPENDIXS

appendix 1. Inter-correlation matrix of all the independent variables

appendix 2. Correlation between household expenditures on healthcare and independent variables

appendix 3. Checking for Multicollinearity

appendix 4. Regression of the model with dependent variable is Household per capita healthcare expenditure. The best model

appendix 5. Regression of the model with dependent variable is Household per capita healthcare expenditure

Trích đoạn nội dung tài liệu

n I Determinants of household health care expenditure: An analysis in Vietnam using of VHLSS 2006 UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL STUDIES HO CHI MINH CITY THE HAGUE VIETNAM THE NETHERLANDS VIETNAM - NETHERLANDS J ; PROGRAMME FOR M.A IN DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS ,f' · ; r· DETERMINANTS OF HOUSEHOLD HEALTHCARE f. EXPENDITURE: AN ANALYSIS IN VIETNAM BY USING OF VHLSS 2006 I BY LE PHUONG THAO MASTER OF ARTS IN DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS I. HO CHI MINH CITY, NOVEMBER 2011 --------- ---···--·------ ------------------ ----~- ------- -------~----------------- -----~--------- 1/79 VNP Class 13 UAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com Determinants of household health care expenditure: An analysis in Vietnam using of VHLSS 2006 UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL STUDIES HO CHI MINH CITY THE HAGUE VIETNAM THE NETHERLANDS VIETNAM- NETHERLANDS PROGRAMME FOR M.A IN DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS DETERMINANTS OF HOUSEHOLD HEALTHCARE EXPENDITURE: AN ANALYSIS IN VIETNAM BY USING OF VHLSS 2006 A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS IN DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS By LE PHUONG THAO Academic Supervisor: DR. LE THI THANH LOAN HO CHI MINH CITY, NOVEMBER 2011 VNP Class 13 UAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.co Determinants of household health care expenditure: An analysis in Vietnam using of VHLSS 2006 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Foremost, I would like to express my gratitude to all those who gave me the possibility to complete this thesis. I would like to express my deep and sincere gratitude to my advisor Prof. Le Thi Thanh Loan for the continuous support of my study and research, for her patience, motivation, enthusiasm, and immense knowledge. Her guidance helped me in all the time of research and writing of this thesis. And my sincere thanks also go to Associate Professor Dr. Nguyen Trong Hoai, Co- Director of Vietnam - The Netherlands Program for M. in Development Economics, who has always given me his encouragements and kindly during the course of my study and thesis research. I wish to thank my close friend, Pham Tien Thang, who supported me in finding working papers for references. Lastly, I owe my loving thanks to my parents and my husband. Without their encouragement and understanding, it would have been impossible for me to finish this work. VNP Class 13 UAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.co Determinants of household health care expenditure: An analysis in Vietnam using of VHLSS 2006 DECLARATION I declare that "Determinants of household healthcare expenditure: An analysis in Vietnam using of VHLSS 2006" is my own work, that it has not been submitted to any degree or examination at any other universities, and that all the sources used or quoted are indicated and acknowledged by complete references. Ho Chi Minh City, November 2011 LE PHUONG THAO VNP Class 13 UAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.co Determinants of household health care expenditure: An analysis in Vietnam using of VHLSS 2006 ABSTRACT The main purpose of this study is to identify the determinants of household healthcare expenditure in Vietnam. The main source data for the analysis are from Vietnam Household Living Standard Survey 2006 (VHLSS 2006). The analysis uses statistic analysis and Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) estimates to find out the determinants of healthcare expenditure. First, statistic analysis gives us an overview of household healthcare expenditure situation in Vietnam. Second, we estimate the parameters of household healthcare expenditure model by using the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) estimates. The statistic results indicate that in the total of household expenditure, the household healthcare expenditure made up only 6.37% and in total of household healthcare expenditure, 72.53% is used in paying user fees at health facilities (health expenditure for having treatment). The results also present that household healthcare expenditures differ by expenditure quintiles, health status, health insurance status, education of household head, gender of house head and ect, . The regression results bring out some findings. First, household healthcare expenditures and household income (that household expenditure is a proxy) have significant relationship. Second, important determinants of household healthcare expenditure were household expenditure, household size, health status and health insurance. The age and education of household head are also important, but their effects on household healthcare are small. Moreover, there were statistically significant differences in household healthcare expenditure across regions. Key words: households; healthcare expenditure, household expenditures, Vietnam. VNP Class 13 UAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.co Determinants of household health care expenditure: An analysis in Vietnam using of VHLSS 2006 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEGEMENTS 3 DECLARATION 4 ABSTRACT 5 LIST OF TABLES 8 LIST OF FIGURES 9 LIST OF APENDIXS 10 CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 11 1.2 Objectives of the study 14 1.3 Research questions 15 CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 17 2.2 Household Healthcare expenditure 18 Theoretical framework for Household Healthcare 2.1 Households and utilization of health care 18 Household characteristics and household healthcare 2.2 20 expenditure Community characteristics and household healthcare 2.3 22 expenditure An overview of the Empirical studies relates to 2.3 23 household healthcare expenditure VNP Class 13 UAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.co Determinants of household health care expenditure: An analysis in Vietnam using of VHLSS 2006 CHAPTER3 METHODOLOGY AND DATA SET 35 3.1 Econometric Model of the study 35 3.2 Some definitions ofVHLSS 2006 39 3.2 Estimation strategy 41 RESEARCH FINDINGS FOR HOUSEHOLD CHAPTER4 43 HEALTHCARE EXPENDITURES IN VIETNAM 4.1 Overview household healthcare expenditure in Vietnam 43 Healthcare expenditure and household expenditure structure 4.2 Household characteristics and healthcare expenditure 46 4.3 Community characteristics and healthcare expenditure 54 4.2 Estimated results and Explanation 56 CHAPTERS CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 67 5.2 Policy recommendations 68 REFERENCES 71 VNP Class 13 UAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.co Determinants of household health care expenditure: An analysis in Vietnam using of VHLSS 2006 LIST OF TABLES LIST OF TABLES Page Table 4.1 Household characteristics 46 Table 4.2 Income and household healthcare expenditure 48 Table 4.3 Healthcare expenditure by Education of head of household 49 Table 4.4 Healthcare expenditure by gender ofhead of household 50 i Table 4.5 Healthcare expenditure by age of head of household 51 Table 4.6 Healthcare expenditure by health status 52 Table 4.7 Healthcare expenditure by Insurance 52 Table 4.8 Healthcare expenditure by household size 53 Table 4.9 Community characteristics 54 Table 4.10 Healthcare expenditure by urban/rural 55 Table 4.11 Healthcare expenditure by regions 55 Table 4.12 Variables - their definitions and expected signs 56 Regression results of the determinants of household Table 4.13 59 healthcare expenditures Regression results of the determinants of household Table 4.14 64 healthcare expenditures with significant variables VNP Class 13 UAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.co Determinants of household health care expenditure: An analysis in Vietnam using of VHLSS 2006 LIST OF FIGURES LIST OF FIGURES Page Structure of sources of health expenditures in VietNam, Figure 4.2 Household expenditure structure in year 2006 44 Figure 4.3 Household Healthcare expenditure structure in year 2006 45 VNP Class 13 UAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com Determinants of household health care expenditure: An analysis in Vietnam using of VHLSS 2006 APPENDIXS LIST OF APPENDIXS Page Appendix 1 Inter-correlation matrix of all the independent variables 75 Correlation between household expenditures on Appendix 2 76 healthcare and independent variables Appendix 3 Checking for Multicollinearity 77 Regression of the model with dependent variable 1s Appendix4 78 Household per capita healthcare expenditure. The best model: Regression of the model with dependent Appendix 5 79 variable is Household per capita healthcare expenditure. VNP Class 13 UAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com Determinants of household health care expenditure: An analysis in Vietnam using of VHLSS 2006 Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1 Problem statement Health is a fundamental dimension of well-being, a key component part of human capital and World Bank reports (1993) also indicated that economic growth (particularly poverty-reducing growth) and education are central to good health . Therefore, the main challenge of the health care system is to protect households from the risks of the consequences of impoverishment from health spending and to ensure that all households receive health services when they need. The financial burden of health expenditure may cause households to spend more than their available incomes and can lead a household into debt. The "Vietnam Joint Annual Health Review 2007" show that around 34.5% of medium-income inpatients had to borrow to pay for health services and the burden of health expenditure has resulted in borrowings by many households. The financial burden of healthcare also causes an endless cycle of poverty and ill-health - the burden of out-of-pocket health care payments on households. The "doi moi" (renovation) process of Vietnam started in 1986 and after over 20 years of "Doi moi'', Vietnam has gained significant achievements in both the economy and society, including important achievements in Health sector. The health reforms have reached profound changes in healthcare utilization including the change in healthcare financing, healthcare access, healthcare delivery. More attention to promote the development of the private health sector and liberalization of the pharmaceutical industry are two of the most important reforms in health sectors. Beside, the user fees for health services at higher level public health facilities and health insurance program also have introduced. All of these reforms have had VNP Class 13 UAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.co Determinants of household health care expenditure: An analysis in Vietnam using of VHLSS 2006 extensive influence on the health sector, household healthcare expenditure and household health care-seeking behavior. Health insurance program started in 1992 by issuing Decree No. 299/HDBT that the Regulation on Health Insurance was published. Since then, health insurance has officially become a health financing source that support for healthcare expenditures. The health insurance fund covers curative care expenditures for the people that enrolled in social health insurance schemes (compulsory and voluntary). Besides, the government also issues some health insurance policies that expanded subsidized health insurance to cover the poor, the near poor and children under 6 years old And the VHLSS 2006's results show that more than 50% people recetvmg medical examination and treatment had health insurance, significant increase than the rate in 2004 even in rural areas. However, coverage of health insurance remains limited; the financial sustainability of health insurance funding is still low. Rural people had less opportunity to receive medical examination and treatment in state hospitals than urban people; they often had to go to commune health centers. The rate in richest quintile was higher than in the poorest quintile and the difference was bigger in the rate for out-patients. Differences in utilization of health services between various populations groups have grown, it coupled with gaps in living standard. Also according to the VHLSS 2006's results, expenditure for health care of households in 2006 was all increased than in 2004. The average expenditure per person of urban households and rich households was higher than of rural households and poor households respectively. In Vietnam, health care expenditures of the poor make up a higher proportion of their income than the non-poor even though they often try to restrict their seeking-behavior. VNP Class 13 UAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com Determinants of household health care expenditure: An analysis in Vietnam using of VHLSS 2006 Moreover, the report by the World Bank (2001) indicated that there is a very large in relation to disposable income for the poor. This is a big problem of the health sector especially in developing countries. The expenditure for health care services is too high for the poor and many people does not confidence in the quality of local medial care services may cause this problem. Therefore, understanding which determinants effect on household healthcare expenditure is very important, the findings will help policy makers solve the problems of health care sectors more effectively. In the world, many empirical studies research determinants of demand for health care or health care expenditure (Hjortsberg 1999, Mocan 2000, Rous and Hotchkiss 1998).

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