VIET NAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE FACULTY OF EDUCATION AND FOREIGN LANGUAGES BA THESIS COMMON ERRORS IN WRITING ESSAY OF ENGLISH-MAJORED STUDENTS AT VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE NHỮNG LỖI THƯỜNG GẶP KHI VIẾT BÀI LUẬN CỦA SINH VIÊN CHUYÊN NGÀNH NGÔN NGỮ ANH TẠI HỌC VIỆN NÔNG NGHIỆP VIỆT NAM Student : Than Thi Hoan Student code : 621242 Major : English Linguistics Supervisor : Tran Thi Tuyet Mai, M.A Hanoi – 2021 VIET NAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE FACULTY OF EDUCATION AND FOREIGN LANGUAGES BA THESIS COMMON ERRORS IN WRITING ESSAY OF ENGLISH-MAJORED STUDENTS AT VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE NHỮNG LỖI THƯỜNG GẶP KHI VIẾT BÀI LUẬN CỦA SINH VIÊN CHUYÊN NGÀNH NGÔN NGỮ ANH TẠI HỌC VIỆN NÔNG NGHIỆP VIỆT NAM Student : Than Thi Hoan Student code : 621242 Major : English Linguistics Supervisor : Tran Thi Tuyet Mai, M.A Hanoi – 2021 CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY I, the undersigned, hereby certify my authority of the study project report entitled “Common errors in writing essay of English-majored students at Vietnam National University of Agriculture” submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor in English Language. Except where the reference is indicated, no other person‟s work has been used without due acknowledgement in the text of the thesis. Than Thi Hoan Approved by SUPPERVISOR (Signature and full name) Date……………………. i ABSTRACT Writing is a very important skill in teaching and learning English especially academic essays writing.
However, the second- year English major at Vietnam National University of Agriculture still encounter a lot of many difficulties in academic essay writing. In order to have an overview onto this problem, I decided to do a research on “Common errors in writing essay of the English- majored students at VNUA.” In this study, basing on the score of writing subject 3, the researcher selected 80 students with scores from 4 to 7 to survey and 2 teachers, information was collected and analyzed. The result gained from the analysis of students‟ questionnaire has revealed five common errors made by second year English major and five actual causes to these categories of errors. Suggested solutions on how to deal with students” errors are also proposed.
ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Firstly, I would like to express my gratitude towards teachers at Faculty of Education and Foreign Languages -Vietnam National University of Agriculture. Especially, I would like to express my deepest thanks to my supervisor Ms.Tran Thi Tuyet Mai who has enthusiastically helped and encouraged me during the period of writing this research paper. Without her experienced guidance, valuable comments and tireless help, I cannot complete the study on time. My warmest thanks also to second - year English major at Faculty of Education and Foreign Languages, who helped me collect the data.
If it had not been their support, this research would not have been accomplished. Finally, gratitude is given to my family and friends who encouraged and supported me throughout conducting this paper process. If hadn‟t been for their help, my study couldn‟t have been successfully completed. iii TABLE OF CONTENT CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY.
iii TABLE OF CONTENT. iv LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES. vii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS. viii PART 1: INTRODUCTION.
Aims and objectives of the study. Scope of the study. Significance of the study. Design of the study.
5 Chapter 1: LITERATURE REVIEW .1 Review of the previous studies.1 In the world……………………………………………. Review of theoretical background.1 Definition of errors .2 Classification of written errors .3 Causes of written errors. Research governing principles .2 Principles/ criteria for data collection and data analysis…………………14 2.2 Research setting/context. 15 Chapter 3: FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION.
16 How often do you write essay?. 17 Do you use proofreading software when writing?. FINDING AND DISCUSSION 1 .2 Errors related to general items. FINDING AND DISCUSSION 2 .1 Mother tongue interference.3 Ignorance of rule restrictions: .4 Incomplete application of rules .5 False concepts hypothesized.
Limitation of the current research:. Recommendations future research and solutions .1 Recommendations future research. 41 vi LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES LIST OF TABLE Table 1: Written errors of second- year students at VNUA as synthesized from teachers‟ questionnaire. 19 Table2: Typical examples of spelling errors are provided by the teacher.
22 Table 3: Typical examples of lexical items. 24 Table 4: Examples of common mechanics errors. 26 Table 5: Teachers‟ rating the significance of causes to students common written errors. 28 LIST OF FIGURE Figure 1: Participant.
16 Figure 2: How often do you write essay. 17 Figure 3: Use proofreading software when writing. 18 Figure5:Grammar errors Grammatical errors obtained from survey questions for students……………………………………………. 21 Figure 6: Written errors belonging to general items.
22 Figure 7: Lexical items. 23 Figure 8: Mechanic errors. 25 Figures 9: Semantic errors. 26 Figure 10 : The popularity of each kind of causes to students‟ common written errors.
29 vii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS Abbreviations English Meaning EFL English as a Foreign Language VNUA Vietnam National University of Agriculture. viii PART 1: INTRODUCTION 1. Rationale English is an international language, it is known as the international language used in many fields such as: Business, Airline, Fashion, Finance, Science-Technology, Medicine, Politics, Arts, Tourism, and Economics. In Vietnam, together with the process of integration and development English is considered as the golden key to access to the world‟s civilization.
It helps to connect people all over the world by using one language, to express their ideas. Writing is one of the main language skills. It plays a major role in expressing one‟s ideas, thoughts, opinions, and attitudes. Writing essay in English is regarded as an important skill for anyone to organize the reality of the world and express their feelings and thoughts to others in an English-speaking social setting, both formally and informally.
Writing is a productive skill that foreign and second language students need to learn in order to increase their ability in understanding the linguistic knowledge and their communication skill with other people. Writing is used as a basic learning skill and requires a challenge process and continuous practice. The second-year English major students at Vietnam National University of Agriculture have experienced many writing tasks such as topic based essay writing, a letter, an email, a correspondence letter, etc. However, many second-year English - major students actually make many errors that urge me to choose “Common errors in essay writing” study to research.
The study attempts to examine errors in essay writing of students in topic sentences, supporting sentences, and concluding sentences of the second-year English- major students at VNUA Thus, the researcher would like to conduct: “A study on Common Errors 1 in essay writing of the second-year English- major students at VNUA.” to have a closer look into this field. Aims and objectives of the study First and foremost, this study is to investigate further into the types of writing errors made by second–year English major, find out causes of these errors and basing on the findings elicited from the research, suggestions as well as recommendations would be proposed so that they can serve as practical implications for teachers along with afterward studies. Offering solutions to help English major students in particular and non-English major students improve their writing skills. Researching about common errors in writing essay is part of the investigation of the process of language learning.
It provides us with a picture of the linguistic development of a learner and may give us indications as to the learning process. Research questions The objectives of the research could be specified briefly into these research questions: 1. What are the common written errors committed by the English- majored students at Vietnam National University of Agriculture? 2. What are the causes of common errors made by the English- majored students at Vietnam National University of Agriculture? 1.
Scope of the study Due to the limited scope and time, it is confined to finding out the students‟ errors in essay writing of the second-year English- major students at VNUA. Besides, on account of the deadline for submission of this research paper and quarantine due to Covid-19 the researcher cannot involve the investigation of sophomore‟s writing samples expanding for the period of their second year. Instead, the researcher would like to focus on errors are collected through survey 2 questions for students and teachers who are teaching writing skills in the 2nd semester. Participants are 80 students English language major and 2 teachers in Faculty of Education and Foreign Languages of the academic year in 2021.
The time to conduct research is during the second-term of the academic year in 2021. Significance of the study Generally, the research paper has pinpointed two main findings, namely the common written errors made by English- majored students (K64) at VNUA and the reason for these errors. Research helps students detect errors and have the best way to improve their essay writing. For teachers, this research helps them promote their strengths, improve their weaknesses in the teaching process, and develop special teaching methods when teaching essay writing so that students have better writing skills.
Design of the study Apart from the acknowledgement, the abstract, reference and appendices, this study consists of three main parts: PART 1: INTRODUCTION presents the rationale of the study, aim and objectives of the study, research questions, the scope and the significance of the study. PART 2: DEVELOPMENT is composed of 3 chapters: Chapter1: - LITERATURE REVIEW- provides theoretical background for the study including Chapter 2: - METHODOLOGY - describes the methodology used in the research including the research methods, research setting/ context, data collection, and data analysis. Chapter 3: FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS – reports and discusses the findings of the study. 3 PART 3: CONCLUSION summarizes the main issues that have been addressed in the study, points out the limitations, draws pedagogical implications concerning the research topic and makes some recommendations to help the students improve their writing skills.
4 PART 2: DEVELOPMENT Chapter 1: LITERATURE REVIEW 1.1 Review of the previous studies 1.1 In the world Salebi (2004) investigated Saudi college students‟ perception of their errors in written English. The participants of the study were 32 Saudi females aged 22–24 years old who were in the fourth level at the Department of Foreign Languages at King Faisal University. They had attended an error analysis course where they were taught how to identify, classify, and describe errors in English committed by second-language learners. The research used two instruments: a test and students‟ comments on their errors.
The results of this study revealed that the percentage of subject-verb agreement was 44. Also, it showed that the percentage of errors caused during translation from Arabic was 18. Further, it showed that the main reason for errors was the difficulty of the target language, which resulted in generalization of rules. In the first composition, 31, 58% (omission = 5 times and misinformation = 21 times) in the second composition, and 40, 62% (omission = 3 and misinformation = 16 times) in the third composition.
Brown‟s (1994) study identified different errors produced by Mandarin- Chinese speaking EFL students. This study presented different errors due to the interlingual and intralingual transfer could cause errors on English learning. In Hong Kong, Chan (2004) studied 710 Hong Kong Chinese ESL students. There are 5 types of error found.
This study found out that students used the syntactic transfer from Chinese to English. Therefore, it caused the run- on sentence and incomplete ideas. 5 Specially, some studies were conducted in the same context like this study. Huang (2001) investigated the nature of distribution of different grammatical errors made by 46 English majors of a Taiwanese university.
This study found the top six common errors were: verb, noun, spelling, article, preposition and word choice. These errors were due to overgeneralization, ignorance of rule restrictions, simplification, incomplete application of rules and L1 negative transfer.