VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY- HANOI UNLVERSLTY OF LANGUAGES AND LNTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST GRADUATE STUDIES NGUYEN TH] HONG HANH A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON GRAMMATICAL SUBJECT AS A CLAUSE ELEMENT IN ENGLISH AND IN VIETNAMESE FROM PERSPECTIVE OF SYSTEMIC- FUNCTIONAL GRAMMAR d g là một yếu tố mệnh đề trong tiêng Anh và tiéng Việt dưới góc độ ngũ pháp chức năng hệ thông) MLA Miner Programme Thesis Field: English Linguistics Code: 60.15 HANOI-2010 'VIETNAM NATIONAL UNTVERSITY- HANOI UNIVERSITY GF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST GRADUATE STUDIES NGU THI HONG HANH A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON GRAMMATICAL SUBJECT AS A CLAUSE ELEMENT IN ENGLISIT AND IN VIETNAMESE FROM PERSPECTIVE OF SYSTEMIC- FUNCTIONAL GRAMMAR ( Nghiên cứu dỗi chiếu về chủ ngữ ngữ pháp như là một yếu tố mệnh đề trong tiếng Anh và tiếng Việt đưới góc độ ngữ pháp chức năng hệ thông) M.A Minor Programme Thesis Field: English Linguistics Code: 60. Ngo Dinh Phuong HANOL2H0 TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. ABSTRAC TABLE OF CONTENTS. PART A: INTRODUCTION 1, Rationale.
3, Scope of the study. 4, Method of the study. Design of the study. Chapter 1: Theoretical Orientations 1.2, Theories of systemic- functional grammar as distinguished from other formal Grammair.3, Definition of grammatical subjcct.
From traditional perspective. From systemic functional grammar a 1.4, Kinds of subject. Three lines of meaning in the clause. Conclusion, Chapter 2: Grammatical subject in English on the view of systemic functional grammar 2.2, Structure of the mood.
Subject and finite.2, Meaning of subject and finite.3, Identifying subjects and finites. time, the writer is not able to cover all aspects of grammatical subject in the two languages. What the writer would like to do is to study grammatical subject in English m comparison with that in Vietnamese, The result of this study contributes to facilitation of the teaching and leaning of English, 2. Aims: Within the framework of a M.A minor thesis, the study is aimed at » Presenting, describing and anslyving the grammatical subjcot in English anđ in ‘Vietnamese in the light of systemic- functional grammar * Identifying the similarities and differences between grammatical subject in English and its equivalent in Vietnamese in term of mood structure » Making some suggestions for teaching and learning grammatical subject to teachers and leamers of English In order lo rsavh the target, the following research questions arc posed L.
What is the grammatical subject? 2. What are the similarities and differences of the grammatical subject in English and its cquivalenees in Victnamesc? ‘The writer also would like to find out the implications of this study in teaching and learning grammatical subject (including the identification of it) to teachers and learners of English, 3, Scope of the study ‘the study does not cover all aspects of functional grammar but limits itself to a minor aspool af fimotional grammar, The main focus is on grammatical subjoel in English and im ‘Vietnamese viewed fiom perspective of the systemic- funetional grammar. ‘To explicit the grammatical subject it is essential to study it in mood structure in which the subject is lacaled. Other aspeets such as thermic rheme are not included in this study The rescarch is confined to the desciiption, analysis and comparison of the grammatical subject in term of position in kinds of sentences.
4, Method of the study This study is primarily concemed with comparing grammatical subject between English and Vietnamese. ‘The research methods used in the study are description, comparison and analysis. The descriptive and analytic is uscd in description of grammatical subject in 11 Chapter 1. Introduction As already mentioned in the previous part, this study’s aim is to investigate the grammatical subject in English and Vietnamese from systemic functional perspective.
In this chapter, we shall attempt to explore the notions of grammatical subject, definition of grammatical subject from different perspectives, kinds of subject and three Hnss of Ttcaning in the clausc. We focus our stady on systomic- finetional grammar which has an influence on grammatical subject in this stady. Theories of systcmie- functional grammar as distinguished from other formal grammar Over the history, the study of lanpuage has been approached from different points of view Traditional grammar views language as a system of interrelated categories. It attempts to create rulcs about how people usc languages.
Its aim is to provide rules for comrccting what are offered to as grammatical errors. ‘This theory are criticized for paying too much allention to details of language ard ils description of language seems to be imadequate for language teaching. Deseriptive grammar arises in the early 1970s with the publication of “A comprehensive grammar of the Tglish language”, (Quirk and Greanbaum, 1972) ‘This granunar aims to duscribe the grammatical system of language, tal is, whal sped of the language “unconsciously” know, which enables them to speak and understand language. It is believed to provide good ground for deeper studiss in other later grammars such as lransformational — generative and systemie- fimetional grammar.
‘The Transformational- Generative grammar, developed by Chomsky (1968) makes a distinction between “surface structure” and “deep structure” of language. It is a “logical specification of the syntactic knowledge which the learner necds to produce grammatical sentences”, (Bell, 1981:107). ‘fraditional, descriptive, transformational- generative grammar emphasizes on format aspools of language, the primary eoncem is with the forms of grarmmuatieal structures rather than meanings or their uses in context, Another approach, called Systemic- Functional 3. Summar: PART C: CONCLUSION 1, Conclusion.
APPENDIX 10 English and Vietnamese ‘Ihe comparative is used in the comparison of grammatical subj in the two languages. A number of examples are taken from many sources in The English and Vietnamese languages, ‘They are analyzed to identify the similarities and differences between grammatical subject.in English andin Vietnamese, 5, Design of the study ‘The thesis is divided into three parts: Part A: Tho Introduction: presents the rationale of the study, the ain seupss, muthods, and the design of the study Part B: Development: consists of four chapters Chapter 1: provides the thearstical background. of the study, functional grammar, the itotion of grammatical subject in two aspects of grammar, kinds of subjects and three lines of meaning in the clause Chapter 2: investigates the grammatical subject in English on the view of systemic functional grammar Chapter 3: presents the systemic functional comparison between grammatical subject in English and in Vietramese Part C: Conclusion: summarizes the whole study and offers some implications for language teaching and learning 12 Grammar, rather than insisting on a clear distinction between grammatical and ungrammaltical forms, focuses ơn the approprialcness of a form for a particular communicative purpose. This approach was originally developed by M.
Halliday in the 1960s and has now become a major approach in linguistics, Halliday, in his work “An introduction to Functional Grammar” (fist publishedin 1985) explains that his grammar is functional rather than formal, a language is “a system of meaning”. People use language to express meaning. The study of grammar focuses on how meanings are bnilt up through wording. The form of grarmnar relates to the meanings that are eaded.
This grammer pays attention to both form and meaning. This theory of grammar approaches language from semantic and functional point of view. Halliday develops analysis of language on the sonmnlie fimetions. These functions, lonned by Halliday as “metafunetions” of language consist of ideational, interpersonal, and textual function.
They exist in all languages as they reflect the role of human language in general. Ideational function means that language is used to talk about our experience of the world, to desotibe entitics and help us to understand, organize and express pcrecptions of the world Tnlerpersonat fimelion means thal language helps us to communivals with ofher people, to take on roles and to express and understand feelings, attitudes ‘Textual function means that language is used to relate what is said to the real world and surroumilings so as lo make the message fluenl, coherent In the history of language, there arc many approachss lo grammar, However, cach approach has its own weaknesses because it fails to study language in relation between form and meaning, the importance of social context. On the other hand, systemic functional grarrmmr, initialed by M. Halliday rocogrizes incaning and use as contrat features of language.
That is what makes fimctional grammar distinctive with other grammarians 1.3, Definition of grammatical sulbject 1. From traditional perspective Providing an adequate definition of the notion of a subject is difficult as it depends on grammnatical theories thal may vary from language lo limguagc. However, many granmnarians try to detine subject and one of the most common definition is that the 3. Mood in some kinds of English sentences.2, Yes! No interrogatives.4 contrastive analysis on the grammatical subject in ‘Vietnamese on the view of Systemic- Functional Grammar 3.
Identification of subject. Position of subject in some kinds of sentences. Unmarked ju time, the writer is not able to cover all aspects of grammatical subject in the two languages. What the writer would like to do is to study grammatical subject in English m comparison with that in Vietnamese, The result of this study contributes to facilitation of the teaching and leaning of English, 2.
Aims: Within the framework of a M.A minor thesis, the study is aimed at » Presenting, describing and anslyving the grammatical subjcot in English anđ in ‘Vietnamese in the light of systemic- functional grammar * Identifying the similarities and differences between grammatical subject in English and its equivalent in Vietnamese in term of mood structure » Making some suggestions for teaching and learning grammatical subject to teachers and leamers of English In order lo rsavh the target, the following research questions arc posed L. What is the grammatical subject? 2. What are the similarities and differences of the grammatical subject in English and its cquivalenees in Victnamesc? ‘The writer also would like to find out the implications of this study in teaching and learning grammatical subject (including the identification of it) to teachers and learners of English, 3, Scope of the study ‘the study does not cover all aspects of functional grammar but limits itself to a minor aspool af fimotional grammar, The main focus is on grammatical subjoel in English and im ‘Vietnamese viewed fiom perspective of the systemic- funetional grammar. ‘To explicit the grammatical subject it is essential to study it in mood structure in which the subject is lacaled.
Other aspeets such as thermic rheme are not included in this study The rescarch is confined to the desciiption, analysis and comparison of the grammatical subject in term of position in kinds of sentences. 4, Method of the study This study is primarily concemed with comparing grammatical subject between English and Vietnamese. ‘The research methods used in the study are description, comparison and analysis. The descriptive and analytic is uscd in description of grammatical subject in 12 Grammar, rather than insisting on a clear distinction between grammatical and ungrammaltical forms, focuses ơn the approprialcness of a form for a particular communicative purpose.
This approach was originally developed by M. Halliday in the 1960s and has now become a major approach in linguistics, Halliday, in his work “An introduction to Functional Grammar” (fist publishedin 1985) explains that his grammar is functional rather than formal, a language is “a system of meaning”. People use language to express meaning. The study of grammar focuses on how meanings are bnilt up through wording.
The form of grarmnar relates to the meanings that are eaded. This grammer pays attention to both form and meaning. This theory of grammar approaches language from semantic and functional point of view. Halliday develops analysis of language on the sonmnlie fimetions.
These functions, lonned by Halliday as “metafunetions” of language consist of ideational, interpersonal, and textual function. They exist in all languages as they reflect the role of human language in general.
