VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE FACULTY OF BIOTECHNOLOGY GRADUATION THESIS Micropropagation of Monstera deliciosa Student : VU THANH BAC Supervivor : Dr. Dang Thi Thanh Tam ID : 610700 Class : K61CNSHE Hanoi - 2021 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS During the process of studying, researching and completing the thesis, I have received the help of many individuals. First of all, I wish to express my sincere gratitude to Dr. Dang Thi Thanh Tam for her guidance throughout the course of this study.
I would like to thank the teachers in the Department of Plants - Faculty of Biotechnology for creating the best conditions to me to implement the topic. I would like to thank for the help of all my friend during the study period. Hanoi ……………… Student Vu Thanh Bac i COMMITMENT This thesis is composed of my original works, and contains no material previously published or written by another person. I also declare that all the help to complete this thesis has been thanks.
Hanoi ……………… Student Vu Thanh Bac iii CONTENS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .iii LIST OF TABLE. vi LIST OF FIGURE. IX Part I: Introduction .4 The meaning of the thesis thoughts in learning and scientific research. 2 Part II: Literature Review .1 Introduction to the Monstera deliciosa.2 The economic value of the above flower production industry the world and in Vietnam.
World production of flowers and ornamental plants .Application in vitro tissue culture technology to multiplication of ornamental plants.1 Brief History of Plant Tissue Culture: .2 Factors affect to micropropagation. Overview of the Araceae family tissue culture in the world and in Vietnam .1 In the world. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Location and time of study.
Content and research method.1 Studying the effect of substances on shoot induction of the Monstera deliciosa.2 Studying the effect of substances on the Monstera deliciosa rooting. 15 Culture medium: MS + 30 g/l sucrose+ 6. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONs. Study on the effect of substances on shoot induction of the Monstera deliciosa .1 Testing the Eeffect of BA concentration on shoot multiplication of the.
17 in vitro-Monstera deliciosa shoots. Studying the effect of Kinetin concentration on shoot multiplication. 19 of the in vitro-Monstera deliciosa shoots .3 Effect of combination BA and IAA or α-NAA on the shoot multiplication of the in vitro Monstera deliciosa shoots .4 Effect of coconut water on the shoot multiplication.2 Studying the effect of substances on the Monstera deliciosa rooting .1 Effect of activated charcoal (AC) on the rooting of shoot. 31 vv LIST OF TABLE Experiment 1.
Effect of BA concentration on shoot multiplication of the in vitro-Monstera deliciosa shoots. Effect of Kinetin concentration on shoot multiplication of the in vitro-Monstera deliciosa shoots. Effect of combination BA + IAA / α-NAA on shoot multiplication of the in vitro-Monstera deliciosa shoots. Effect of coconut water on shoot development of the in vitro- Monstera deliciosa shoots.
Effect of α-NAA on the root induction of in vitro Monstera deliciosa shoots. Effect of activated charcoal( AC) on the rooting of in vitro Monstera deliciosa shoots. Effect of BA concentration on shoot multiplication of the in vitro Monstera deliciosa shoots .Effect of Kinetin concentration on shoot multiplication of the in vitro Monstera deliciosa shoots.Effect of combination BA and IAA or α-NAA on in vitro shoots of Monstera deliciosa .Effect of coconut water on in vitro shoots of Monstera deliciosa. Effect of α-NAA on the rooting of shoots of Monstera deliciosa.
Effect of AC on the rooting of shoots of Monstera deliciosa. 26 viv LIST OF FIGURE Figure 4. In vitro shoots of Monstera deliciosa plants after 4 weeks of culture on MS medium supplemented with different BA concentrations. In vitro shoots of Monstera deliciosa after 4 weeks of culture on MS medium supplemented with different kinetin concentrations.
In vitro shoots of Monstera deliciosa after 4 weeks of culture on MS medium supplemented with BA and different IAA or α- NAA concentration. In vitro shoots of Monstera deliciosa plants after 4 weeks of culture on MS medium supplemented with different coconut water concentrations. In vitro shoots of Monstera deliciosa after 4 weeks of culture on MS medium supplemented with different α-NAA concentrations. In vitro shoots of Monstera deliciosa plants after 4 weeks of culture on MS medium supplemented with different AC concentrations.
27 viiv ABBREVIATIONS BAP : 6-Benzylaininopurine 2.4-Dhichorophenoxy acetic acid α-NAA : α-Naphthalene acetic acid MS : Murashige & Skoog Mg : Milligram Mg/1 : Milligram per liter g : Gram IAA : Indole-3-acetic acid C : Control T : Treatment viiiv SUMMARY Studies of micro propagation of Monstera deliciosa A rapid and efficient micro propagation method was established for Monstera deliciosa. Shoots were cultured on MS medium containing benzyl adenine (BA), kinetin (K). The results showed that MS medium supplemented with 1mg/l BA was optimal for shoot multiplication. The combination of cytokinin (BA) and auxin (IAA, α-NAA) on the shoot multiplication of Monstera deliciosa did not increase the multiplication rate.
α-NAA and activated charcoal had a positive impact on root induction for in vitro shoots. After four weeks of culture, the results showed that MS medium supplemented with 2mg/l activated charcoal was optimal for root induction in terms of root number per shoot and an average length of the root. MS medium supplemented with 0.5mg / l activated carbon was the earliest rooting medium. ixi PART I: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Introduction Monstera deliciosa is a tree of the family Araceae originating from tropical America south of Mexico to Panama, they often grow in dark places of the jungle.
The South American betel tree has an English name of Monstera Deliciosa. Its leaves have wing-shaped grooves and circular spots. "Monstera" comes from the Latin "monumum" meaning "monster" (Liebmann, 1849). Monstera is a very popular species in the market of bonsai.
This plant is native to the Americas, so it is very suitable for planting in the South of our country. It has an eye-catching green color, special foliage shape, rarely encounters pests and diseases, so it is very easy to care for. It can be propagated by taking cuttings of a mature plant or by air layering but requires a long time and the propagation coefficient is not high. Today, the application of plant cell culture has become popular.
Tissue culture can produce high quality, disease-free crops with a large multiplier factor in a short time, which can meet the market demand. Recognizing this problem, we conducted the topic: " Micropropagation of Monstera deliciosa". Purpose Studying the process of micropropagation of Monstera deliciosa 1.3 Requirement Testing the effect of different cytokinins concentration on shoot multiplication. Testing the effect of different auxin concentration and activated charcoal on the rooting step.4 The meaning of the thesis thoughts in learning and scientific research The research results of the topic provide optimal bud multiplication and rooting environment for later research.
Learn how to conduct scientific research, analyze data and present a report. 22 PART II: LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Introduction to the Monstera deliciosa 2.1 Origination Monstera deliciosa is a species of flowering plant native to tropical forests of southern Mexico, south to Panama. It has been introduced to many tropical areas and has become a mildly invasive species in Hawaii, Seychelles, Ascension Island, and the Society Islands.2 Classification Scientific classification edit Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Tracheophytes Classis: Monocots Ordo: Alismatales Family: Araceae Genus: Monstera Species: M.3 Botanical characteristics Leaves are gigantic, up to 1 foot or more, dark green, glossy, long petiolate, coriaceous, perforated with several holes throughout the blade, some extending to margin and splitting margin to appear deeply lobed to pinnatifid. The inflorescence is a spadix and spathe, yellowish white spadix 10 to 15 cm (3.9 in) high and about 3 cm (1.2 in) in diameter.
Flowers are self pollinating. Rarely flowers as a house plant. The fruit of Monstera deliciosa is up to 25 cm (10 in) long and 3–5 cm (1.0 in) diameter, and it looks like a green ear of maize covered with hexagonal scales. It takes longer than a year for fruits to reach maturity.
As the fruit ripens, these scales or platelets fall off the fruit, releasing a strong and 33 sweet scent. The smell has been compared to a combination of pineapples and bananas (Peppard & Terry, 1992). The fruit is edible and safe for humans.4 Cultural Conditions: -Light: is a high-class interior tree that prefers half shade, should avoid harsh light, and should not leave the tree in the shade for too long -Temperature: Sawn-leaf betel is a durable interior tree that can grow and develop well in temperatures from 18-30 degrees. -Water and moisture: Betel nut is a humid plant, so it is advisable to water the plants daily, but pay attention to ensure the soil environment is clear and not flooded.
-Soil and nutrition: Monstera grows well in the soil environment with sandy humus, good water permeability. Can combine more NPK fertilization for better plant growth. -One outstanding feature of the monster is that it is rarely found to be a pest or fungus. So just ensuring the above- mentioned living conditions can help plants stay green in the long run.
The economic value of the above flower production industry the world and in Vietnam 2. World production of flowers and ornamental plants Today, the flower and ornamental plant industry are one of the most profitable industries in developed and developing countries. The production scale of this industry grows rapidly at a rate of 10% per year. In the world today, more than 50 countries have actively produced flowers and ornamental plants on an industrial scale.
Global Floriculture Production Statistics: The Asia-Pacific region has more than two-thirds of the world’s acreage. China with 40% and India with 15% have a majority in the world acreage of flowers and plants. Japan, Taiwan, and Thailand are other major flower- 44 producing countries in this region. The European Union (EU) represents a 12% share of the world’s area of flowers.
The area of flowers in Africa is small with a 1. Kenya is the largest African grower. The European Union and Mexico are among the most important world producers (Salachna et al, 2017). Flower production in Vietnam According to Bao Dien Tu Dang Cong San Viet Nam ( 2016), statistics of the Department of Crop Production show that in 2014, the whole country had about 22,671.9 ha of flower growing area, of which there was 9,237.6 ha in the North, 13,434.3 ha in the South.
The acreage of ornamental trees and mangrove trees in the North is nearly twice as high as in the Southern provinces (8,172. The average income of flowers and ornamental plants nationwide in 2014 was 285 million VND/ha/year. Vietnam in general and the North, in particular, have many advantages to develop ornamental plants. The Northern Midlands and Mountains and the North Central region still have a lot of lands to develop this field with the advantages of a cool high mountain climate all year round suitable for many species of flowers and high class flowers.
Especially in Moc Chau - Son La, Dien Bien, Lai Chau, there are conditions to form farms, enterprises producing industrial flowers for domestic consumption and export. High technology application: It has been significantly improved, such as changing seed structure, tissue culture, advanced cultivation and protection techniques; application of grid-house technology with shading roof. However, this change occurs unevenly between production regions for many reasons (weather, intensive farming level, investment capacity, access to advanced technology and 11 markets…). Da Lat can be considered as the area with the fastest progress in the country in developing cut flower production 55 2.
Application in vitro tissue culture technology to the multiplication of ornamental plants The ornamental plants (flowers and ornamental plants) industry has been and is a potentially profitable and profitable industry to countries around the world. Rapid propagation, pest resistance, unique coloration. are the leading goals of this industry.