Luận văn thạc sĩ: Đánh giá định lượng sự phát triển tài chính và tăng trưởng kinh tế tại Việt Nam

Luận văn thạc sĩ nghiên cứu ueh financial development and economic growth in vietnam a quantitative assessment, đánh giá hiện trạng, phân tích vấn đề, đề xuất biện pháp hoàn thiện

Chuyên ngành

Development Economics

Người đăng

Ẩn danh

Thể loại

thesis

2014

90
0
0

Phí lưu trữ

30 Point

Mục lục chi tiết

1. CHƯƠNG 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1. RESEARCH OBJECTIVES AND QUESTIONS

1.2. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

1.3. STRUCTURE OF THE THESIS

2. CHƯƠNG 2: LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1. KEY CONCEPTS

2.2. THEORETICAL HYPOTHESES

2.3. FINANCIAL REPRESSION THEORY

3. CHƯƠNG 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND DATA COLLECTION

4. CHƯƠNG 4: OVERVIEW OF ECONOMIC GROWTH AND FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT IN VIETNAM

5. CHƯƠNG 5: EMPIRICAL RESULTS

Trích đoạn nội dung tài liệu

UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL STUDIES HO CHI MINH CITY THE HAGUE VIETNAM THE NETHERLANDS VIETNAM - NETHERLANDS PROGRAMME FOR M.A IN DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN VIETNAM: A QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT BY LÊ TẤN BỬU DUY MASTER OF ARTS IN DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS HO CHI MINH CITY, April 2014 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL STUDIES HO CHI MINH CITY THE HAGUE VIETNAM THE NETHERLANDS VIETNAM - NETHERLANDS PROGRAMME FOR M.A IN DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN VIETNAM: A QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS IN DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS By LÊ TẤN BỬU DUY Academic Supervisor: DƯƠNG NHƯ HÙNG LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I want to send special thanks to my academic supervisor, Dr. Duong Nhu Hung, for his patience as well as his continuous supports and valuable comments during my thesis writing process. I am also thankful to all of the lecturers in VNP for their wonderful lessons, to all administrators in the VNP Office for their supports, and especially to Mr. Nguyen Dinh Quy for being so helpful every time I come to the VNP Library. Finally, I want to show my gratitude to my family and my friends for their endless encouragements to me so that I could finish the program as well as the thesis. LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com ABSTRACT The thesis employs two quantitative methods to explore the relationship between economic growth and financial development in Vietnam using quarterly data from 1999 to 2012. Firstly, the ARDL cointegration test developed by Pesaran and Shin (1999), and Pesaran, Shin, and Smith (2001) was used to search for a long run relationship among economic growth, financial development, and other macroeconomic variables including exports, imports, inflation, and real interest rate. The existence of such long run cointegration relationship is confirmed through the ARDL bound testing procedure with all four indicators of financial development, namely ratio of M2 to GDP, ratio of deposits to GDP, ratio of credits to GDP, and ratio of credits provided to the private sector to GDP. Secondly, Toda and Yamamoto (1995) causality test was employed to determine the causal relationship between economic growth and financial development under a multivariate VAR framework. Evidence of causality running from financial development to economic growth is found for all indicators of financial development. These results provide strong support to the supply-leading hypothesis on the relationship between economic growth and financial development for the case of Vietnam. LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION .2 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES AND QUESTIONS .4 STRUCTURE OF THE THESIS . 11 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW .2 Financial Repression Theory .3 Financial Liberalization Theory .4 Financial Structure Theory . 17 Bank-based Theory . 17 Market-based Theory. 19 Other Views in Financial Structure Theory .5 Endogenous Growth Theory.6 Summary of Theoretical Predictions .1 Traditional Cross-Country Analysis .2 Panel Cointegration and Causality Analysis .3 Time series analysis.4 Previous empirical studies about Vietnam .5 Summary of findings from previous empirical studies . 26 CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND DATA COLLECTION .2 MODEL SPECIFICATION AND DATA COLLECTION . 40 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail. 43 Real Interest Rate (RIR) .2 Unit Root Test .3 ARDL Cointegration Test .4 Toda and Yamamoto Causality Test . 50 CHAPTER 4: OVERVIEW OF ECONOMIC GROWTH AND FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT IN VIETNAM . 56 Investment-driven Economic Growth . 56 Inefficient SOEs and Public Investments .3 A FIRST LOOK ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ECONOMIC GROWTH AND FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT . 64 CHAPTER 5: EMPIRICAL RESULTS .3 Unit Root Test .4 ARDL Cointegration Test .5 Toda and Yamamoto Causality Test .1 Summary and Conclusions . 77 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.3 Directions for Further Research . 80 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1: Summary of theoretical predictions .2: Findings from previous empirical studies .1: Critical values for ADF test .2: Critical values for bound F-test .1: Proportion of output from different economic sectors .2: Industrial output share by ownership .3: : Investment share by ownership .4a: Structure of goods exports by kinds of economic sector .4b: Structure of goods imports by kinds of economic sector .5: Growth accounting of Vietnam from 1990 to 2007 .3: Results of ADF test .4: AIC, SBC, F-statistic, t-statistic, and LM for different lag-lengths .5: Optimal lag-length p chosen by AIC, SC, and LR test .6: Results of VAR residual autocorrelation LM test .7: Toda and Yamamoto causality test results . 75 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 4.1: Openness, export, import, and net export (as percents of GDP) of Vietnam .2: The incremental capital-output ratio (ICOR) of Vietnam in 1991-2009.3: Number of banks in Vietnam from 2006 to 2010 .4a: Deposit market share according to type of banks in 2005-2010 .4b: Credit market share according to type of banks in 2005-2010 .5: Ratio of banking credits and deposits to GDP .6: GDP growth and credit growth of Vietnam from 2000 to 2012.1: Real GDP and nominal GDP from 1999Q1 to 2012Q3 .2: Seasonal adjusted real GDP and nominal GDP from 1999Q1 to 2012Q3.3: Graphical presentations of all variables from 1999 to 2012 . 66 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION The chapter introduces the necessary of a quantitative analysis of the relationship between financial development and economic growth of Vietnam. Then it will discuss about the objectives of the thesis, the questions to be answered in the thesis, and the econometric techniques used to answer those questions. The chapter ends by providing the structure of the thesis.1 PROBLEM STATEMENT The relationship between financial development and economic growth was first examined in a research by Schumpeter in 1911 (as cited in King and Levine, 1993a). However, it only receives great attention from economists since the seminal studies of McKinnon (1973), Shaw (1973), and King and Levine (1993b). Despite of the high volume in both theoretical and empirical research, the direction in the relationship is still not conclusive yet. The research results on the relationship could be classified into five categories, each supporting one of the followings hypotheses: i. Supply-leading hypothesis (Patrick, 1966): financial development increases the efficiency in the allocation of economic resources and thus could promote economic growth eventually. Demand-following hypothesis (Patrick, 1966): financial development might passively follow economic growth as higher level of income will lead to higher demand for financial services. Bi-directional causality hypothesis: financial development causes economic growth and conversely the development of the economy also induces the development of the financial sector. Independent hypothesis: the role of financial development in economic growth process is overstated; there is no relationship between financial development and economic growth. Stage of development hypothesis (Patrick, 1966): in the early stage of economic growth, the supply-leading hypothesis takes the lead. Then, the demand-following hypothesis dominates. 1 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com Most of the initial empirical studies on the relationship between growth and financial development are cross-country based. Such studies are usually criticized for their robustness, especially on the econometric methods being employed. Arestis et al (2001), Abu-Bader and Abu-Qarn (2008a) argued that these cross-country studies could not explore the dynamics in the relationship between growth and finance to answer questions related to causality. When the growth regressions in these studies return a significant coefficient for financial development, it might just because there is an association between economic growth and development, and thus this result could not be interpreted as the evidence of causality. Moreover, cross-country studies could only provide the broad view on the relationship between finance and growth. Results from such studies might be correct in general but not necessary be true in a particular country due to differences in economic or political characteristics. Thus cross-country studies might not be very useful for policy making purposes at specific countries. For those purposes, time series based studies are needed. However, there are a few limitations associated with the current time series based studies on the relationship between economic growth and financial development. Firstly, although country-specific time series studies are helpful for policy making, they are usually criticized about the model specification being used. Luintel and Khan (1999), and Odhiambo (2008) argued that many of the previous time series studies employ bi-variate or tri-variate models thus they are vulnerable to omitted variable issues and might return biased causal relationship between financial development and economic growth. Secondly, financial development is a complex concept thus there is no single variable could reflect accurately the whole level of financial development of a country. However, many empirical studies only use one or two indicators of financial development and hence might subject to the question about robustness of the results. In short, results from previous time series based studies are subjected to the questions regarding to misspecification or omitted variables problem, and the question related to robustness as usually only a few financial measures are employed in a single study. This thesis attempts to address those limitations by providing a time series analysis based on a high dimension multivariate model with several different indicators of financial development being used. For the case of Vietnam, as shown in Nguyen (2011), most of the previous studies on the growth-financial development nexus are qualitative-based and only a few recent papers such as Anwar and Nguyen (2009), and Nguyen (2011) employ quantitative analysis in studying 2 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com the link between them. However, these later studies employ traditional panel data analysis method and thus subject to the criticisms by Abu-Bader and Abu-Qarn (2008a), Lee and Chang (2009) as this method is not appropriate to examine the causal relationship. Briefly, there has been no time series analysis so far on studying the growth-finance relationship in Vietnam. The thesis is among the very first attempts to examine the relationship between growth and financial development in Vietnam using recent developed time series economic techniques such as Toda and Yamamoto causality test (Toda & Yamamoto, 1995), and autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) cointegration test (Pesaran, Shin & Smith, 2001). The examination of the relationship, especially the causality link, between economic growth and financial development in Vietnam is important especially in the current context. Vietnam has experienced a long time of high growth rate but it is now facing serious problems of macro-instability. On April 2012, Vietnam’s government postulates a strategy to stabilize the economy as well as achieve sustainable economic growth. The strategy aims to reconstruct three major fields which are the financial sector, public investments, and state-owned enterprises. Given the limitations of economic resources, appropriate priorities should be assigned to these three projects. Within this context, the analysis of the causal relationship between financial development and economic growth in Vietnam become more necessary. The reason is that different causal results might return different implications for policy making. According to Calderon and Liu (2003), if the evidence supports the supply-leading hypothesis, policy to reconstruct the financial sector should have higher priority. Conversely, in the demand-following case, the government should focus and give higher priority for other policies to improve economic growth. Thus, the analysis of the causal relationship between economic growth and financial development could be useful for considerations and constructions of future growth enhancing policies for Vietnam.2 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES AND QUESTIONS The general objective of the research is to examine the relationship between financial development and economic growth in Vietnam and then propose some suggestions for policy making. In details, the research will focus on the following goals: 1. To determine the long run relationship among economic growth, financial development and other macroeconomic variables in Vietnam. 3 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail. To determine the causal relationship between economic growth and financial development in Vietnam.

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