VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STLDIES FACULTY OF POST- GRADUATE STUDIES LUONG TITANTI ONG POLITENESS STRATEGIES IN REQUESTS IN THE MOVIE SERIES “HARRY POTTER” (Chiến lược Lich sự trong Lời Thinh cầu trong cac lap phim “Harry Potter’) MINOR M. THESIS Field: English Linguistics Code: 60.15 Tlanoi — 2012 VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST- GRADUATE STUDIES LUONG THANH HONG POLITENESS STRATEGIES IN REQUESTS IN THE MOVIE SERIES “HARRY POTTER” (Chiến lược Lịch sw trong Loi Thinh cau trong các tập phim “Harry Potter’) MINOR M. THESIS Field: English Linguistics Code: 60. Nguyén Van Dé Hanoi — 2012 TABLE OF CONTENTS Declaration Acknowledgements Abstract ii Abbrevinhons.
the HH ng nye vị PART 1:INTRODUCTION 1 „ Ralionale. Aims of the study bà 3. Resvarch questions of the study hộ 4,. Scope of the study bèo $.
Overview ofthe movie we bo Methods of the study a Designof the study. " PART 2: DEVELOPMENT CHAPTER 1: THEORETICAL BACKGROUND 11. Speech act theory 1. Speech acl of requesting 14.
Politeness occ eee "— 1. Definition of politeness Social factors affecting politert 1. Politeness and indirectness. Positive politeness strategies 1.2, Negative politeness strategies.
Previous studies on request and politeness strategies 1. Summary PART 2: DEVELOPMENT CHAPTER 1: THEORETICAL BACKGROEND 1. Speech act theory Many actions arc carticd oul by using languages during human communication. Although they are expressed variously, they are all called speech acts, Speech act is one of the most issues that interests researchers most.
It has been investigated seriously by different theorists such as Austin (1962), Grice (1957, 1975), Hymes (1964), Searle (1969), Levinson (1983), Brown and Yule (1983), Yule (1996), ete. so that human communication can. be carried out irr the most offsclive way Austin’s theory Speech act theory is originally developed by Austin in his famous book entitled “L/ow fo do things with words”. Is presented a new picture of analyzing meaning in relationship antong linguistics conventions couclated with words/ sentences, the situation where the speaker actually says something to the hearer, and associated intentions of the speaker Austin (1962) defines sp pacts as the actions porformed in saying something Actions parformed through utterance production are called speech acts such as requesting, apologizing, complaining, promising, etc.
Speech acts consist of three related acts, namely locutionary acl, iHlocutionary act and perloculionary acl © Lecutionary act, 2 basic acl of producmg a meaningful linguistic expression, includes phonetic acts, phatic acts and thetic acts, Phonetic acts are acts of Pronouncing sound, phatic acts are acts of uttering words or sentences in accordance with the phonological and syntactic rules of ths language to which they belong, and zhetic acts arc one of uttering a sentence with sense and more or less definite reference. © Tlocutionary act is an act performed via the communicative force of an utterance such as requesting. consist of sight episodes beginning with [larry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone (2001) and culminating with Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows- Part 2 (2011), They are the highest movie series of all- time in inflation unadjusted dollars, with $7.7 billion in worldwide receipts, ‘he movie series are also a otitical success and noted by audiences for growing visually darker and more mature as cach cpisorle was rel sed The movie series revolve around Harry Potter, an orphan who discovers that he is a wizard. Wizard ability is inborn, but children are sent to wizarding school to leam the magical skills novessary to succeed in the wizarding world.
Harry is invited to attend the boarding school called Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. Each movie episode chronicles one yoar in Harry's Tife, and most of the events take place al Hogwarts, As ho strugeles through adolescence, Harry learns to overcome many magical, social and emotional hurdles. Methods of the study This study employs the Quantitative method which focuses nmch more on the collection and analysis of numerical data and statistics. Counting and measuring are common forms of quantitative methods.
‘The result of the research is a mumber ot series of number prescnicd in tables and charts, 7. Design of the study ‘The thesis consists of three main parts: PART 1: INTRODUCTION: Thus part of the thesis presents the rationale, aims, research questions, scope, method and design of the study, PART 2: DEVELOPMENT Thus is the nuclear part of the thesis containing two chapters: Chapter 1: Theoretical Background This chapler establishes a overview of the thoories on Specch Acts, Spectr act of Request and Politeness theory which are the basis for the following analysis in the next chapter Chapter 2: olileness siraLegies in requests in (he series of movies Tlarry Potter PART |: INTRODUCTION 1. Ralionale ‘As it can be seen clearly, politeness plays an of great importance role in human daily communication. It has a great influence in phenomena, rules and structures of languages.
Therefore, the effectiveness of communication is affected considerably. During the development of civilized society, human beings have been founding standards and values describing appropriate behaviors as well as communicative strategies and language structures which are considered being polite in specific situations and specific cultures. There are a number of studies on politeness issue because of its significance in communication. However, cach resvarcher has a different point of view.
For exarple, Lakoff and Leech study potilencss under communicative strategies, Brown and Levinson consider politeness as behaviors saving face. Although politeness seems to be quite familiar and very ald, in fact it still develops non- stop and actually offers me many interests, which inspires me to carry out a research on such issuc. However, to achicve politeness in communication, it is necessary to give out suitable politeness strategies for each certain context. Ihus, the study on politeness as well as politeness stralagics is of great importance and essential to enhance the ffeetiver of our daily communication Moreover, what are the other reasons why I would like to investigate politeness strategies in requests in the movie scrics Harry Poller? Firstly, according lo many scholars nol only is requesting one of the most popular activities in human daily communication but also is the most threatening act to the human face.
‘hus, choosing appropriate politeness strategies whon making reques need Lo be taken into cht ousideration, which actually brings me good opportunities to do research on politeness strategies often used in daily requests. Secondly, I choose the requests in the movie series [larry Potter as the data for my study because watching movies is ono of my biggest hobbies and offers me much interest. Especially, the movies ics recently have been the best ones produced by Wamer Bros - a very famous movie producer in the United States, so I believe that the reliability of the content quality is much relevant to my study. ‘This chapter studies how the characters in the movie series use the politeness strategies in their requests and how 8-H relationship affects their choices of politeness strategies when making requests.
PART CONCLUSION In this parl, the author recapitulates the study, offers implication, limitations and suggestions for further research. vi ABBREVIATIONS FIA: Face Threatening Act H 1earer/ Addressee § Speaker! Addresser SA: Speech Acts D Distance " Power R: Rank of Imposition PPS: Positive Polilencss Strategy NPS: Negative Politeness Strategy Leg. Vor example MA? Master of Arts Finally, T would expect the result of my research: Politenens Strategies in Requests in the Movie Series "Harry Potter” will have a great meaning to teaching and learning as well as using politeness strategies in requests appropriately and effectively. In addition, it will be much easier for people to choose and employ politeness strategies, which actually offers effectiveness in daily communieatien.
2, Aims of the study 1. To study the performance of positive and negative politeness strategies in the requests by the characters in the three episodes of the movie Harry Potter. ‘To study the efifects of S-H relationship on the choices of politeness strategies in the requests of the characters in the three opisodcs of the movie Harry Poller 3. What are the positive and negative politeness strategies in the requests by the characters in the three episodes of the movie [larry Potter?.
How docs S-H relationship affect the choices of positive and negative politeness strategies in making requests of the characters in the three episodes of the movie Harry Poticr? 4. Scape of the stuily Dre to the time and limitation of a minor thesis, it is impossible for me to investigate poliicness strategics in requests in all their aspects. So, T would liks to focus om verbal communication, but other important factors such as non-linguistie factors (facial expression, gestures, zye contact, ete.), paralinguistic factors such as intonation, pause, speed of speech, cle. are nat taken into consideration in my study.
Morzover, positive and negalive politer strategies based on the theoretical framework of Brown and Levinson (1987) are under the investigation of all the requests in three episodes: Ldarry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban, Harry Potter and the Gohlet of Fire, and Harry Potter and the Half- Blood Prince of thc movie Harry Potter. Overview of the movie The Harry Potter movie scrics are British- American onc based on the Harry Potter novels by the British author J. The senes are distributed by Warner Bros and vi ABBREVIATIONS FIA: Face Threatening Act H 1earer/ Addressee § Speaker! Addresser SA: Speech Acts D Distance " Power R: Rank of Imposition PPS: Positive Polilencss Strategy NPS: Negative Politeness Strategy Leg. Vor example MA? Master of Arts vi ABBREVIATIONS FIA: Face Threatening Act H 1earer/ Addressee § Speaker! Addresser SA: Speech Acts D Distance " Power R: Rank of Imposition PPS: Positive Polilencss Strategy NPS: Negative Politeness Strategy Leg.
Vor example MA? Master of Arts CHAPTER 2: POLITENESS STRATEGIES IN REQUESTS IN THE MOVIE SERIES “HARRY POTTER” 2. Politeness strategies in requests in the movie series “Harry Potter”. The frequency of Politeness strategies in Requests in the movie series “Larry 19 Potter” 2. The frequency of politeness strategies in requests .1, Positive politencss strategics.
Negative politeness strategies 2. Politeness slralcgics in requasts in the movic Harry Pottcr and S-H relationship 2. Positive politeness strategies and S- LJ relationships 2. Negative politeness strategies and S- II relationships 2.
Implications for teaching politeness strategies in requests. Limitations of the study 3. Suggestions for further research REFERENCES consist of sight episodes beginning with [larry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone (2001) and culminating with Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows- Part 2 (2011), They are the highest movie series of all- time in inflation unadjusted dollars, with $7.7 billion in worldwide receipts, ‘he movie series are also a otitical success and noted by audiences for growing visually darker and more mature as cach cpisorle was rel sed The movie series revolve around Harry Potter, an orphan who discovers that he is a wizard. Wizard ability is inborn, but children are sent to wizarding school to leam the magical skills novessary to succeed in the wizarding world.
Harry is invited to attend the boarding school called Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. Each movie episode chronicles one yoar in Harry's Tife, and most of the events take place al Hogwarts, As ho strugeles through adolescence, Harry learns to overcome many magical, social and emotional hurdles. Methods of the study This study employs the Quantitative method which focuses nmch more on the collection and analysis of numerical data and statistics. Counting and measuring are common forms of quantitative methods.
‘The result of the research is a mumber ot series of number prescnicd in tables and charts, 7.
