Luận văn thạc sĩ: Các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến tiêu dùng nội địa tại thị trường Việt Nam

Nghiên cứu các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến tiêu dùng nội địa trong thị trường Việt Nam, cung cấp cái nhìn sâu sắc cho doanh nghiệp và nhà đầu tư.

Chuyên ngành

Business Administration

Người đăng

Ẩn danh

Thể loại

Master’s Thesis

2012

106
0
0

Phí lưu trữ

35 Point

Mục lục chi tiết

Acknowledgements

Declaration

Abstract

List of Acronyms

Table of Contents

1. CHƯƠNG 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1. Research background

1.2. Problem statement

1.3. Research objectives

1.4. Scope and Research methodology

1.4.1. Scope of the study

1.4.2. Research Method

1.4.3. Structure of the research

2. CHƯƠNG 2: LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1. Introduction

2.2. Domestic Consumption (DC)

2.3. Import Product Quality Perception (IPQP), Consumer Ethnocentrism (CET), Patriotism (PAT) and Cosmopolitanism (COS)

2.3.1. Import Product Quality Perception (IPQP)

2.3.2. Consumer Ethnocentrism (CET)

2.3.3. Patriotism

2.3.4. Cosmopolitanism

2.4. Hypothesis development and Research Model

2.4.1. Import Product Quality Perception (IPQP), Consumer Ethnocentrism (CET) and Domestic Consumption (DC)

2.4.2. Cosmopolitanism (COS), Patriotism (PAT) and Consumer Ethnocentrism (CET)

4. CHƯƠNG 4: DATA ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS

4.1. Descriptions of sample

4.2. Exploratory Factor Analysis

4.3. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA)

4.4. Testing Theoretical Model

4.5. Testing Hypotheses and Summary

5. CHƯƠNG 5: CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS

5.1. Discussion of findings

5.2. Limitations and Future research

List of References

Appendix 1 Refrigerator statistics Vietnam 2005 - 2010

Bảng câu hỏi khảo sát

Trích đoạn nội dung tài liệu

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS HOCHIMINH CITY  CAO QUỐC VIỆT FACTORS INFLUENCING DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION IN VIETNAM’S MARKET MASTER’S THESIS IN BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION Ho Chi Minh City – 2012 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com i MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS HOCHIMINH CITY  CAO QUỐC VIỆT FACTORS INFLUENCING DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION IN VIETNAM’S MARKET MASTER’S THESIS In Business Administration Code: 60340102 Supervisor Dr. Nguyễn Thị Mai Trang Ho Chi Minh City – 2012 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com ii Acknowledgements When I write these statements, it reminds me to turn back the time of two years ago; as I read the book “Nghiên cứu khoa học Marketing - Ứng dụng mô hình cấu trúc tuyến tính SEM”, I could not understand anything. It is a mysterious world that I need to discover. It was also the start point for my study road. My sincere thanks send to the authors who have composed this wonderful book. I would like to thank my supervisor Dr. Nguyen Thi Mai Trang for her supports, instructions, and valuable comments throughout the work leading to this thesis. I would like to thank all respondents who gave me priceless time during the data collection phase of this thesis. I never forget my thanks to Mr Nguyen Khanh Duy with his first SEM Vietnamese book. My deep thanks to my wife, Tsằn Schếng Mỹ, and our son; their love is the motivation behind my work. Thanks to my family, my Mother, Father, brothers and sister. Thanks God bless and lead me. LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com iii Declaration I declare that the entirety of the work contained therein (except the citations) is my own work. I declare that I am the only author and neither portion in the thesis has been submitted in support of another degree nor published by another person. HoChiMinh City, 10/10/2012 Cao Quoc Viet LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com iv Abstract The purpose of this thesis is to investigate domestic consumption. The aim is to examine factors which influence the domestic consumption among consumers in Vietnam. Furthermore, the research focuses on finding out determinant that influences domestic consumption the most. Based on Vida and Reardon’s Model and literature review a theoretical model was proposed. The model investigates the effect of some independent variables on the domestic consumption such as import product quality perception, consumer ethnocentrism, cosmopolitanism and patriotism. A survey of 396 consumers was carried out. Some techniques were used to analyze the model, such as descriptive statistics, reliability assessment, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. The proposed theoretical model was also empirically tested by means of the structural equation modeling technique. The results show that only cosmopolitanism was insignificant factor. The findings indicate that import product quality perception, consumer ethnocentrism, patriotism are significant predictors of domestic consumption. Key words: domestic consumption, consumer ethnocentrism, patriotism, cosmopolitanism, import product quality perception. LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com v List of Acronyms AMOS - Analysis of Moment Structures CET - Consumer ethnocentrism CFA - Confirmatory Factor Analysis CFI - Comparative Fit Index CMIN - Chi square CMIN/df - Chi square/degree of freedom COS - Cosmopolitanism DC - Domestic consumption EFA - Exploratory Factor Analysis FDI - Foreign Direct Investment GFI - Goodness of Fit Index IPQP - Import product quality perception KMO - The Kaiser - Meyer - Olkin ML - Maximum likelihood OALD - Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary PAT - Patriotism RMSEA - Root Mean Square Error Approximation SEM - Structural Equation Modeling TLI - Tucker & Lewis Index LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com vi Table of Contents Acknowledgements .iv List of Acronyms. Scope and Research methodology. Scope of the study . Structure of the research . 4 Chapter 2: LITERATURE REVIEW . Import Product Quality Perception (IPQP), Consumer Ethnocentrism (CET), Patriotism (PAT) and Cosmopolitanism (COS). Import Product Quality Perception (IPQP) . Hypothesis development and Research Model . Import Product Quality Perception (IPQP), Consumer Ethnocentrism (CET) and Domestic Consumption (DC). 9 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail. Pilot study results . Official Quantitative research. Data analysis methods. Scale to measure Consumer Ethnocentrism (CET) . Scale to measure Import Product Quality Perception (IPQP) . Scale to measure Patriotism . Scale to measure Cosmopolitanism . Scale to measure Domestic Consumption .24 Chapter 4: DATA ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS . Descriptions of sample. Exploratory Factor Analysis . Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) . Testing Theoretical Model . Testing Hypotheses and Summary .44 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail. 46 Chapter 5: CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS. Discussion of findings. Limitations and Future research . 50 List of References . 57 Appendix 1 Refrigerator statistics Vietnam 2005 - 2010 .3 Bảng câu hỏi khảo sát . 85 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com ix LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2.5: Refined Saturated Model .6: Final Saturated Model .7: SEM’s Result - Theoretical Model (Standardized) .41 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com x LIST OF TABLES Table 3.1: Cronbach’s Alpha results .2: Assessment of Normality .3: Cronbach’s Alpha results .5: Model Fit Summary - Comparison.6: Assessment Construct Validity Result .7: Model Fit Summary - Final Saturated Model .8: Assessment Construct Validity Result .9: Regression weights and standardized regression weights summary40 Table 4.10: Testing the discriminant validity .11: Regression Weights - Theoretical Model .12: Standardized Regression Weights - Theoretical Model .13: Squared Multiple Correlations .15: Hypotheses testing and results (based on the Regression Weights table in Theoretical Model) .16: Standardized Regression Weights (Theoretical Model) . 46 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com 1 Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION 1. Research background “Nowadays, globalization is taking its long stride and positioning as an indispensable process of all countries in over the world, in which, every nation is in need of deeply integrating into the process of globalization unless they left backwards from the others” (Đang 2009). For that reason, Vietnam became the WTO’s 150th member on 11 January 2007. The increased competition among domestic and foreign goods and services are the results of economy‘s globalization (Netemeyer 1991cited from Ranjbarian and Barari 2011). Clearly, when we have opened the door and entered the international market, local enterprises have been faced with more challenges such as the penetration and competition from foreign companies. The relaxation of trade policies has provided consumers with more foreign product choices than ever before (Wang and Cheng 2004). Thus, local firms must try, for taking efforts to market, increasing sales and considering about the question: Which factors do influence the purchase of domestic products instead of buying imported goods of Vietnam’s consumers? This thesis proposes a study containing four factors affecting the domestic consumption of Vietnamese in Vietnam’s market. Problem statement This problem has been studied by many academic researchers for many years both in countries having developed and transition economies. Research on the factors affecting the choice of consumers between domestic and foreign products has attracted several researchers in the past several years (Nguyen et al 2008). Consumer ethnocentrism is one of factors affecting directly to the purchase intention and is studied by some researchers such as Herche 1994; Klein and Ettenson 1999; Nguyen and Nguyen 2008; Shimp and Sharma 1987; Sumner 1906; Vida and Reardon 2008. Patriotism is studied by Bannister and LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com 2 Saunders 1978; Balabanis et al 2001; Han 1988; Sharma et al 1995; Vida and Reardon 2008. Research conducted on domestic/imports product quality perceptions (e., Han 1988; Klein 2002; Nguyen and Nguyen 2008; Wang and Cheng 2004; Vida and Reardon 2008)., Javalgi et al 2004; Suh and Kwon 2002; Vida and Reardon 2008). In Vietnam, Nguyen and Nguyen are the priority authors who had the research for this problem done in 2008. From that point, according to my best knowledge, I could not find any research conducted the factors affecting the choice either domestic products or foreign products of Vietnamese consumers by researchers. On the practice side, Vietnam had the programs like “Vietnam High Quality Products” in 2004. On 31/07/2009, the Politburo issued Document No. 264- TB/TW on the organization of the campaign “Vietnamese use Vietnamese’s products” launched nationwide. It proves that Vietnam’s government has identified the important role of Vietnamese’s buying and using domestic products. Thus, exploring determinants influence the domestic consumption in Vietnam’s market is a valuable contribution for domestic enterprises within the field of marketing. Research objectives This thesis aims to apply the model of domestic consumption developed by Vida and Reardon (2008) and test this model in Vietnam as an emerging economy. From those results, the managerial implications will help local enterprises build the marketing and business strategy. In order to confirm the applicability of the model, this study will determine the contribution of each of the factors to the domestic consumption. To serve this task, two questions need to be answered: Q1. Which factors do influence the domestic consumption in Vietnam? Q2. How do factors influence the domestic consumption in Vietnam? LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com 3 For the purposes of this study, imports or foreign products mean those imported from countries of higher origin (i. Technologically/ economically advanced countries) to Vietnam and domestic goods mean the goods are either produced or manufactured by Vietnam companies/ FDI companies in Vietnam. Scope and Research methodology 1. Scope of the study This research concentrates on the Vietnam market and the behavior of Vietnamese in their consumption. Refrigerator is chosen as a proxy for the product in this study. The reason is that, refrigerator is a necessary product for every Vietnamese family. According to Euromonitor International1 (2010), “Due to busier lifestyle, especially in urban areas, Vietnamese consumers increasingly prefer to make one – stop grocery shopping trips just once a week or even once a fortnight. During the review period, this trend led many consumers to trade up to refrigeration appliances with a larger volume capacity, so they could store more food at home and spend less time on grocery shopping”.1 presents the statistic data of refrigerator’s sales from 2005 to 2010. Research Method The research is conducted in two main stages; the first stage: “focus group” and pilot test are used to build a clear completed questionnaire; the second stage: quantitative research with 396 samples (detailed in chapter 3). The reliability of the measurement scales is re-assessed by using Cronbach alpha coefficient and Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). The next step uses CFA (Confirmatory Factor Analysis) and 1 Euromonitor International is the world leader in strategy research for consumer markets, with offices around the world, analysts in 80 countries and market research on every key trend and driver. LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com 4 tests the theoretical model by using SEM technique. All these techniques are used in the thesis under the operation of PASW Statistics 18 and Amos 18 software. Structure of the research The thesis contains five chapters. Chapter 1 provides the introduction of the thesis including research background, problem statement and research objectives. This chapter also mentions to the scope of the study and research method. Chapter 2 focuses on literature review relating to factors affecting domestic consumption. A list of hypotheses and research model are presented in this chapter. Next, chapter 3 addresses the methodology of the research. Chapter 4 presents data analysis and findings. Finally, chapter 5 discusses the findings, managerial implications and limitation as well as future research. LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com 5 Chapter 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 2. Introduction The previous chapter introduces an overview of the thesis. The aim of this chapter is to search and review relevant theories in the literature. A research model is introduced. Chapter 2 includes main contents such as a literature review of domestic consumption and imports product quality perception, consumer ethnocentrism, patriotism, cosmopolitanism as well as presents the research model.

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