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Luận văn thạc sĩ phân tích ueh factors influencing quality of working life a study of front line employees in the vietnamese, đánh giá thực trạng, chỉ ra hạn chế, đề xuất giải

Chuyên ngành

Business

Người đăng

Ẩn danh

Thể loại

Thesis

2015

85
2
0

Phí lưu trữ

30 Point

Mục lục chi tiết

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

1. Statement of the problem

2. Structure of the study

2.1. Quality of working life (QWL)

2.2. Perceived organizational support (POS)

2.3. Extra-role customer service (ECS)

2.4. Model and hypotheses

2.5. The research design

2.6. Main survey method

2.7. Measurement scale building

2.8. The main survey

2.9. Objects of main survey

2.10. Research sample description

3. Data analysis and results

3.1. Confirmatory factor analysis

3.1.1. Perceived organizational supports (POS)

3.1.2. Extra role customer services

3.1.3. Quality of working life (QWL)

3.1.4. The discriminant validity among the six constructs

3.2. The main results and research contributions

3.3. Limitations and future research

3.4. Source of measurement scales

Appendix 2: Guidelines for In-Depth Interview

Trích đoạn nội dung tài liệu

UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS HO CHI MINH CITY International School of Business ________________ Le Thi Hanh An FACTORS INFLUENCING QUALITY OF WORKING LIFE: A STUDY OF FRONT-LINE EMPLOYEES IN THE VIETNAMESE AVIATION SERVICES ID: 22130001 MASTER OF BUSINESS (Honors) SUPERVISOR: DR. NGUYEN THI MAI TRANG Ho Chi Minh City, Year 2015 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Firstly, I would like to express my gratefulness to my supervisor Dr. Nguyen Thi Mai Trang for her professional guidance, intensive support, valuable suggestions, instructions and encouragement during the time of doing my research. I would like to express my deepest gratitude to ISB Professors Committee for their valuable time as the members of the proposal examination committee. Their comments and meaningful suggestions were contributed significantly for my completion of this research. My sincere thanks are given to all of my teachers at International Business School – University of Economics Ho Chi Minh City for their teaching and guidance during my master course. 1 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com Abstract Purpose – This research aims to explore factors influencing on quality of working life of front - line staffs in Vietnamese aviation services. Methodology/Sample – A total of 280 questionnaires were distributed out at many airports in Vietnam. As the method are directly interviewing combining with online surveying, respondents including the front-line staffs at those airports such as check in staffs, security staffs, boarding staffs, hence, data collecting also was primary sources. The hypothesized relationships were tested using structure modeling. Findings – This study found that perceived of organization supports, emotion exhaustion, extra-role services and servicesescape affecting on quality of working life of those employees. Based on the thesis findings, several implications have been provided. Key words – Quality of working life, perceived of organizational supports, extra role services, emotional exhaustion, intrinsic motivation, Vietnamese aviation sector, Vietnamese airports. 2 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com Contents ACKNOWLEDGEMENT . 2 List of Figures . 5 List of Tables . 6 List of Abbreviations . Statement of the problem . Structure of the study . Quality of working life (QWL) . Perceived organizational support (POS) . Extra-role customer service (ECS) . Model and hypotheses . The research design . Main survey method . Measurement scale building . The main survey. Objects of main survey . Research sample description . 28 3 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail. Data analysis and results . Confirmatory factor analysis. Perceived organizational supports (POS) . Extra role customer services . Quality of working life (QWL) . The discriminant validity among the six constructs. The main results and research contributions . Limitations and future research . Source of measurement scales . 62 Appendix 2: Guidelines for In-Depth Interview . 74 4 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com List of Figures Figure 2.1 The conceptual model .1 CFA model of Perceived organizational supports .2 CFA model of intrinsic motivation .3 CFA model of Emotional exhaustion .4 CFA model of extra-role customer services.5 CFA model of servicescape .6 CFA model of Quality of working life .7 SEM of research model . 44 5 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com List of Tables Table 3.1 Sources of data collection .2 Description of sample .1 Reliable test result .2 Confirmatory factor analysis results of POS .3 Confirmatory factor analysis results of IM .4 Confirmatory factor analysis results of EE .5 Confirmatory factor analysis results of ECS .6 Confirmatory factor analysis results of SE.7 Confirmatory factor analysis results of SE.8 Discriminant validity test result.9 Results of measurement scale evaluating .10 Fitness of conceptualized model .11 Final results of relationship checking of model’s constructs .1 Managerial implication: How can the manager assess quality of working life of their front-line staffs? .2 Managerial implication: How can the manager reduce the emotional exhaustion as well as increase the extra-role customer services of their front-line staffs?. 52 6 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com List of Abbreviations Abbreviations Meanings 1. CFA Confirmatory factor anlysis 2. ECS Extra role services 3. EE Emotinal exhaustion 4. GDP Gross National Product 5. IM Intrinsic motivation 6. POS Perceived of organizational supports 7. QWL Quality of working life 8. SEM Structure equation modeling 10. VGP Vietnam Government Newspaper 7 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail. Research background According to the General Statistics Office of Vietnam, the service industries increased over 6.56% in 2013, which contributed over 50% growth to total GDP in the same year (VGP News, 2013). Playing the most indispensable role in the group of services – related sections, aviation has been developed for long time. Asia is known as one of the most potential leading areas in passenger traffic where the volume of passengers carried by airlines is rapidly increasing (5% per month in 2013). It is also forecasted that, in long term, air traffic growth continues to be above 5% growth rate (Schubert, 2014). In Vietnam, many evidences also approved for the potential aviation sector for recent years. Following Schubert in the airline planning workshop conference (2014), the average Vietnam passenger growth will be up to 7.4% per year for the next 5 years from 30.000 passengers in 2013 to 52. In associated with grow-up market, Vietnamese air transportation is now overwhelmingly changing from public ownership into other kinds of owner (private sector or semi-private sector). The typical significant of diversified owners can be illustrated that is the increase in the number of operators and participants in the sector (Ogwude, as cited in Wifred et al, 2012). For five recent years, there have been many airlines jumped up to Vietnamese air transport market such as: Jetstar Pacific, Air Mekong, Indochina Airline, Vietjet Air and Blue Sky with many kinds of ownerships such as private, joint-venture owners. In fact, the appearance of these airlines not only stimulates the commercial air transport demand, but also, improves the total number of passengers of Vietnamese airports systems per year. Hence, commercial management practices are given top priority for most of the airport‘s authorities to adapt for the present background. One of the most visible indicators of moves towards commercialization is greater reliance focus on non – aeronautical services like duty free shopping malls, beauty salon centers, hotels, restaurants, car rentals, catering services, concession (Graham, 2011, p.14)… The hard challenge here is that it is really difficult for the airport to attract the passenger, raise the revenue because it is up to the flight routes planning which are derived from the air travel demand. Obviously, it is important to know that there 1 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com are not only the airlines identifying the quality of aviation services, but “an airport's role by its service level, and the airport’s service level reflects the type of service the airport provides to the nation, state and local community” (US National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems, as cited in Utah Continuous Airport System Plan, 2007, p. Hence, delivering service excellence is becoming an important organizational capability (Wolfe-Morrison, 1996). And, airport surely is not an exception. In fact, Vietnamese air transport services are now facing the hard challenges in services quality together with the market difficulties as well as external environment issues. Firstly, from the airports aspect, the Guide to Sleeping in Airports (2014) has listed Tan Son Nhat airport and Noi Bai airport as two of the worst in Asia. Clearly, this online survey fiercely challenges Vietnamese aviation and suffers its future prospects. Moreover, the common international organization of aviation services quality measurement – Skytrax (2015) has just listed Vietnam airlines as a four – star airline (the lowest rank in Skytrax ranking) and not any airport in Vietnam is on the good quality of lists. Additionally, the monthly online research of Vietnamese civil aviation authority via the official website (2015) also reveals that more than 60% respondents unsatisfied with Vietnamese aviation services in compare with less than 25% of satisfaction. This is due to the fact that nowadays the airport environment, on one side, becomes more lively with a lot of passengers from economy class to exclusive class with the different expectation of services level. On the other side, Vietnamese airports activities are now classified into three types of services: necessary operational services, traffic-handling services and commercial services (Doganis, as cited in Yamamoto, Taniguchi, & Kimata, n. The diversification of services makes the airport director harder when ensuring the quality of services and toward to passenger satisfaction. To explain for this situation, deputy minister of Vietnamese transportation industry – Pham Quy Tieu (2014) admitted that “the attitude of frontline- staff towards passengers is among the key reasons for the poor service quality at the Vietnamese international airports”. Obviously, the Vietnamese air transport development as mentioned above takes the conditions for all walks of life to travel with the airplanes. But on the opposite sides, staffs at the airport also have to face with the pressures from the different 2 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com behaviors of customers. In detail, many front-line working positions at the airport everyday have to serve the large number of passengers all day including check-in staffs, securities staffs, boarding staffs, ground servicing staffs,… For instance, according to the information from Vietnamese airport official website, Tan Son Nhat is now on top 50 crowded airports all over the world, there are 25 million passengers processing per year as well as 43000 passengers per day at Tan Son Nhat airport (Vietnam corporation airport, 2015). It turns to the meaning that the employees of Tan Son Nhat airport have to serve a huge passenger per day. This article also emphasized the working condition of the front-line staffs in this airport who have not had off-day in the peak seasons such as Chrismas day, New Year eve, Tet holiday… All in all, the growing up of Vietnamese air transportation, on one hand, is a motivation for the authorities to select and enforce the appropriate strategies to gain the profit, on the other hand, puts the pressures and, also, even the challenges for the airport employees to reach the variety of customer demand when serving air services. Statement of the problem At the airport, front-line employees occupy a privileged position to collect first hand market information and show their performances as a representative of company brand to reach the customer satisfaction (Coelho, Augusto and Lages, 2011). To a large extent service excellence is determined by customers' perceptions of how services are delivered by frontline service staff (Bitner, Booms & Mohr, 1994). In Vietnamese airports, some first face job positions, always interacting face to face or voice to voice with passengers, customers or clients at the airports, should be referred are checking – in staffs, securities staffs, boarding staffs, customs staffs, selling staffs. Specially, each front-line position as mentioned above is operated by different kinds of specialized companies as stake holders, coordinating in harmony with the airport such as: ground services companies, airlines, aviation secured company, commercial companies, advertising companies… All above, the employees get in charges with these job always have to work under pressures likewise: serving a lot of passengers through the airport every day with all level societies, working in shift all day, even overnight, working under fixed process with the strict regulation toward the safety and 3 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com on time performance. This working conditions also directly impact on their working feeling, working conditions and motivation, etc. The main reasons to explain for these issues is that almost Vietnamese airports are now trying to modern the facilities and infrastructures for aeronautical services, meanwhile, seem to forget the main point is what employee received from company policies, working conditions, employees emotion…also directly impact on their performance which are create the quality of services.

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