Nghiên cứu về tác động của vốn xã hội đến sự hài lòng cuộc sống của cư dân Việt Nam - Luận văn ...

Nghiên cứu tác động của vốn xã hội đến sự hài lòng với cuộc sống tự đánh giá của cư dân Việt Nam, cung cấp cái nhìn sâu sắc về chất lượng cuộc sống.

Trường đại học

University of Economics

Chuyên ngành

Development Economics

Người đăng

Ẩn danh

Thể loại

Thesis

2016

65
0
0

Phí lưu trữ

30 Point

Mục lục chi tiết

DECLARATION

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

ABSTRACT

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1. PROBLEM STATEMENT

1.2. RESEARCH OBJECTIVES AND QUESTIONS

1.3. RESEARCH SCOPE AND METHODOLOGY

1.4. THESIS STRUCTURE

2. CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1. Concept of social capital

2.2. Model of social capital investment

2.3. Becker and Murphy (2000)’s theory on the relationship between social capital and life-satisfaction

2.4. PREVIOUS EMPIRICAL STUDIES

3. CHAPTER 3: DATA AND METHODOLOGY

4. CHAPTER 4: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

4.1. RESULTS OF SOCIAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT MODEL

4.2. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOCIAL CAPITAL AND SELF-RATED LIFE-SATISFACTION

4.3. Concluding remarks from the test of model of social capital investment

4.4. Concluding remarks from the estimations of relationship between social capital and subjective life-satisfaction

APPENDIX B THE RESULTS OF ORDER PROBIT ESTIMATIONS

LIST OF TABLES

LIST OF FIGURES

Trích đoạn nội dung tài liệu

UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS ERASMUS UNVERSITY ROTTERDAM HO CHI MINH CITY INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL STUDIES VIETNAM THE NETHERLANDS VIETNAM – THE NETHERLANDS PROGRAMME FOR M.A IN DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS EFFECTS OF SOCIAL CAPITAL ON SELF- RATED LIFE-SATISFACTION AMONG RESIDENTS: EVIDENCE FROM VIETNAM By TRUONG NGOC ANH THU MASTER OF ARTS IN DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS HO CHI MINH CITY, November 2016 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL STUDIES HO CHI MINH CITY THE HAGUE VIETNAM THE NETHERLANDS VIETNAM - NETHERLANDS PROGRAMME FOR M.A IN DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS EFFECTS OF SOCIAL CAPITAL ON SELF- RATED LIFE-SATISFACTION AMONG RESIDENTS: EVIDENCE FROM VIETNAM A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS IN DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS By TRUONG NGOC ANH THU Academic Supervisor: Dr. PHAM KHANH NAM HO CHI MINH CITY, November 2016 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com DECLARATION I hereby declare that the thesis “Effects of social capital on self-rated life- satisfaction among residents: evidence from Vietnam”, which is submitted to Vietnam – Netherlands Programme, is my original research work. All of the contents which are not from my own work are cited carefully and clearly in this thesis. I certified that the contents of this thesis have not been and are not being submitted for any other degrees. This thesis was done under the supervision and guidance of Dr. Pham Khanh Nam. Any other contributions to this thesis are presented in the acknowledgement section. Signature Truong Ngoc Anh Thu Ho Chi Minh City, 2016 In my capacity as the supervisor of this thesis, I certified that the statements above are true to the best of my knowledge. Pham Khanh Nam Date: i TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First, I would like to express my great appreciation and huge thanks to VNP Lecturer Team for their dedication and enthusiasm in teaching and guiding me in studying, giving me so much knowledge and inspiring me in my academic study as well as my career. I am so thankful to all of them. Second, I would like to express my deep gratitude to Dr. Pham Khanh Nam, my research supervisor, for his patient guidance and useful critiques of this research work. I would also like to extend my thanks to all of my friends in VNP and VNP Staffs for their great support and helpful activities during my time in VNP. Finally, I would not forget to send my deepest thanks to my family, my dear friends who always stand by me and encourages me to keep up with my study objectives. I am so grateful to all of above people and many others that I could not name here. Thank you very much for supporting me! ii TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com ABSTRACT This dissertation provides an insight into the relationship between self-rated life- satisfaction and social capital, controlling for some demographic and individual characteristics in rural Vietnam as well as tests the theoretical predictions of the social capital investment model from the data of Vietnam Access To Resources Household Survey in 2014. Social capital is measured as a multidimensional concept including social network, formal institution, cooperation and social trust. The results are quite consistent with the predictions, which supports the theory about the social capital investment of Glaeser et al. (2002) that people who have higher education would have more investment in their social capital, and being stable in the residence also contributes to their investment of social capital while relatively higher income affects their social network and trust negatively. Finally, the association between age and formal institution follows the inverted U-shaped trend. Using order probit model on data for 3415 households from twelve provinces in Vietnam, it is found out that there is a significantly positive relationship between social capital in forms of social network, formal institution and cooperation and an individual’s subjective satisfaction. However, trust, on the other hand, is examined to be insignificantly associated with a person’s self-rated satisfaction in this research. Keywords: social capital, social network, cooperation, formal institution, social trust, happiness, life-satisfaction, order probit model, rural Vietnam. iii TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION .iii TABLE OF CONTENTS . iv LIST OF TABLES . vi LIST OF FIGURES . vii CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION.2 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES AND QUESTIONS .3 RESEARCH SCOPE AND METHODOLOGY . 3 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW .1 Concept of social capital .2 Model of social capital investment .3 Becker and Murphy (2000)’s theory on the relationship between social capital and life-satisfaction . 2 PREVIOUS EMPIRICAL STUDIES . 7 CHAPTER 3: DATA AND METHODOLOGY . 14 CHAPTER 4: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION .2 RESULTS OF SOCIAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT MODEL .3 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOCIAL CAPITAL AND SELF-RATED LIFE- SATISFACTION . 39 iv TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.1 Concluding remarks from the test of model of social capital investment .2 Concluding remarks from the estimations of relationship between social capital and subjective life-satisfaction . 48 APPENDIX B THE RESULTS OF ORDER PROBIT ESTIMATIONS . 49 v TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com LIST OF TABLES Table 3. 1: Factor analysis of social capital . 2: Correlation coefficients among key variables . 3: Regression of demographic variables on social capital. 4: Results of estimations of the relationship between life-satisfaction and social capital . 5: Results of the test of the impact of relative income on the relationship between life-satisfaction and social capital . 6: Results of the test of the impact of children on the relationship between satisfaction and social capital . 7: Results of the test of the impact of the time of living in the same community on the relationship between satisfaction and social capital . 8: Results of estimations of the relationship between social capital and life- satisfaction (robustness check) . 37 vi TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2. 1: The framework of the relationships among social capital, other dependent variables and life-satisfaction . 1: Average life-satisfaction in twelve provinces in 2014 . 2: The relationship between social network and life-satisfaction . 3: The relationship between formal institution and life-satisfaction . 4: The relationship between cooperation and life-satisfaction . 5: The relationship between trust and life-satisfaction. 20 vii TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 PROBLEM STATEMENT Social capital has increasingly become an important topic in science and policy since many empirical evidences suggest that social capital is connected with various aspects of life (Putman, 2000) and may have a positive impact on the life-satisfaction of individuals and the whole countries. Many findings from earlier studies have indicated that various forms of social capital are strongly associated with the level of human’s subjective satisfaction because they provide an individual with networks and connections of social interaction as well as help he or she to gain support from other people in society (Helliwell, 2003). Bjornskov (2003) showed that social capital was an important element in explaining why some countries are happier than others. Putnam (2000) also found that social capital was positively related with happiness across the USA. Thus, it is said that communities which are rich in social capital and individuals who have high levels of personal social capital are believed to be generally able to enjoy more satisfaction. However, conflicting results have been also reported due to the vagueness of the definition of social capital and the measurement of satisfaction. Some researchers find no statistical significance of the relationship between social capital and life-satisfaction in their study. Yet the relationship social capital and subjective life-satisfaction has not been investigated among residents in rural Vietnam. Since the country has experienced dramatic social, economic, and political changes in the past years, which may lead to the changes in the socio-cultural context which is one of the formations of social capital, the relationship between social capital and life-satisfaction is worth researching in Vietnam. Moreover, traditionally Vietnamese people tend to be very close to each other in family and the society. Family, village and nations are considered to create a basic structure for Vietnamese society (Hickey, 1964). Hence, people’s accumulated social capital could then affect their life- satisfaction. Furthermore, in recent years, economists have given more attention on the empirical studies of happiness or life-satisfaction since life-satisfaction is considered as one of the indicators of life quality which is an issue that many countries care and focus on. Life- satisfaction is one of the keys for a wealthy country due to many reasons. A country can get many benefits from its satisfied citizens in economic, social, and psychological terms. First, satisfied people are healthy one who can live longer and make full use of their strengths, 1 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com skills and abilities to contribute to their own well-being as well as that of the others and the society. Second, a satisfied individual deals with depression better, he or she is less prone to anxiety, stress or anger, hence is likely to commit in fewer crimes. Moreover, satisfied people are less of a burden to health services, social welfare agencies, or the whole economy in comparison with depressed and unsatisfied people. Therefore, it could be said that increasing the level of satisfaction of an individual does not only affect that person but also helps to improve the whole country. Moreover, though Vietnam is still a developing country, it is usually known as a country with a high rank in happiness index in the world. According to New Economics Foundation (2012 & 2016), Vietnam came second in Happy Planet Index (HPI) among 151 countries in 2012, and ranks fifth in 2016 globally, second in the Asia Pacific region. However, is it true in Vietnam rural area? Basing on the results of the survey VARHS 2014, the level of self-satisfaction of Vietnamese people will be discussed to see if Vietnamese are really satisfied with their life. Besides, evaluating people’s social capital and estimating the determinants of self- rated life-satisfaction of people in rural Vietnam helps policy makers and local government to make policy decisions in investment more effectively. Since Vietnam is in its process of industrialization and modernization, suitable and good policies shall be introduced and implemented in order to improve people’s life as well as to develop rural area in general. Therefore, this empirical study aims to contribute to the literature the case study of rural Vietnam about the relationship between social capital and life-satisfaction of Vietnamese residents.2 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES AND QUESTIONS This research is to investigate the association between social capital and subjective life-satisfaction in rural Vietnam. Social capital is measured as a multidimensional concept consisting of social trust, network including formal institution and informal institution, and cooperation while life-satisfaction is self-rated by Vietnamese residents. This study attempts to answer the following questions: What are the characteristics which contribute to the investment in social capital of an individual? Does an individual feel more satisfied with life if he or she has more social capital? In other words, if an individual has more friends, joins more institutions, more trust and is more cooperative, is he or she more satisfied with life? 2 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com Do relative income, gender, the number of children, and the number of years living in the same community affect the effects of social capital on an individual’s subjective life- satisfaction? 1.3 RESEARCH SCOPE AND METHODOLOGY The research uses the data from Vietnam Access To Resources Household Survey (VARHS) conducted in twelve Vietnamese rural provinces in 2014. The main methodology of this study is quantitative analysis. Specifically, order probit estimation is used to estimate the relationship between self-rated life-satisfaction and social capital. Following Bjornskov (2003) and Frey and Stutzer (2002), terms “happiness”, “life- satisfaction”, “self-rated happiness”, “self-rated life-satisfaction”, “subjective happiness”, “subjective life-satisfaction”, and “wellbeing” in this research are used interchangeably to indicate the happiness of an individual.4 THESIS STRUCTURE This thesis has five chapters.

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