Tác động của số tiền vay đến thu nhập của hộ nông dân tại huyện Tân Châu, tỉnh Tây Ninh

Nghiên cứu tác động của khoản vay đến thu nhập hộ nông dân tại huyện Tân Châu, tỉnh Tây Ninh, cung cấp cái nhìn sâu sắc về phát triển kinh tế.

Chuyên ngành

Development Economics

Người đăng

Ẩn danh

Thể loại

Luận văn thạc sĩ

2007

89
1
0

Phí lưu trữ

30 Point

Mục lục chi tiết

1. CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1. Research main question

1.2. Research sub-question

1.3. Objectives of the thesis

1.4. Research hypotheses

1.5. Structure of the thesis

2. CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1. Definitions

2.1.1. Farm households

2.1.2. The conditions of loan

2.1.3. Subject loan

2.1.4. Credit rationing

2.1.5. Access to credit

2.1.6. Formal and informal financial

2.2. Theoretical backgrounds

2.2.1. Producer problem

3. CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY

4. CHAPTER 4: MODEL SPECIFICATION, EMPIRICAL RESULTS AND INTERPRETATION

4.1. Overview of Tan Chao District

4.1.1. Geographical location and population

4.1.2. The Rural Credit in Tan Chao district

4.1.2.1. The Financial Institution
4.1.2.1.1. The Vietnam Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (VBARD)
4.1.2.1.2. The Vietnam bank for poor (VBP)
4.1.2.1.3. People Credit Fund (PCFs)
4.1.2.1.4. Relatives and Friends
4.1.2.1.5. Rotating savings and credit associations (ROSCA)

4.2. Empirical Results and Interpretation

4.2.1. Descriptive statistic analysis

4.2.1.1. Farm income and non-farm income of farm households
4.2.1.2. Income-loan size of farm households

4.2.2. Summary this chapter

5. CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION AND POLICY IMPLICATIONS

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

ABSTRACT

CERTIFICATION

LIST OF TABLE

ABBREVIATIONS

Trích đoạn nội dung tài liệu

UNNERSITY OF ECONOMICS INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL STUDIES HO CHI MINH CITY THE HAGUE VIETNAM THE NETHERLANDS VIETNAM- THE NETHERLANDS PROJECT FOR M. ON DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS EFFECTING OF LOAN AMOUNT ON FARM HOUSEHOLDS INCOME IN TAN CHAD DISTRICT TAY NINH PROVINCE A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS IN DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS BY DANG NGOC QUY ' BQ GIAO DI)C VA eAo TAO '~ Academic Supervisor: TRLIClNG 9H KINH TE TP.HCM, THtf VItN Dr. LE KHUONG NINH ~ 1b rs-G Ho Chi Minh City, June 2007 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com CERTIFICATION "I certify that the substance of thesis has not already been submitted for any degree and is not being currently submitted for any degree. I certify that, to the best of my knowledge, and help received in preparing this thesis, and all sources used, have been acknowledged in this thesis" Signature Dang Ngoc Quy Date: June 2007 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com ACKNOWLEDGMENT This thesis would not have been finished without the helps and supports of numerous individuals and institutions. Therefore, I would express my sincerest gratitude to them Firstly, I would like to thank my academic supervisor, Dr. Le Khuong Ninh. He spent a lot of time on my thesis. His ideas and comments make my thesis become more concise, more clearly. I sincerely thank Dr. Nguyen Hoang Bao, Mr Truong Dang Thuy. They have helped me to orient for the topic and to collect books from the beginning until finishing of the thesis. I would like to thank all lecturers and staffs of the project who have helped me anyway to improve my knowledge. They have settled my foundations on development economics and international standard research methodology. I would like to thank all my classmates and my colleagues for their helps, encouragement and cooperation during my learning and studying time. Last, but not least, I would like to devote sincere gratitude to my family. They has encouraged and helped me from the beginning until finishing of the thesis. ii LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com ABSTRACT The farm households need credit to buy production inputs such as land, fertilizers, insecticides and seeds, etc. If the farm households lack of credit and insufficient funds to buy the production of input results in unattainable profit- maximizing quantity of inputs. Therefore, credit is essential for farm households' productivities. Due to the limited access to credit that creates a bad consequence for poor farm households. Hence, credit is one of the tools that can solve this problem for farm household. Therefore, this study aims at studying the effect of loan size on income of farm households who are facing credit constraint in Tan Chau district, Tay Ninh province. Data used in this thesis is collected from a survey in Tan Chau district, Tay Ninh province iii LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION .1 Research main question .2 Research sub-question .3 Objectives of the thesis .5 Structure of the thesis . 4 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW .5 Access to credit ••.6 Formal and informal financial .5 Household model with credit constraint.6 Household model credit constraint (Gershon Feder Lawrence J. Lin and Xiaopeng Luo, (1990),) . Definition of initial endowments . The Utility function . Second period consumption and capital . The Budget constraint . 15 iv LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.1 Empirical study of Gershon Feder Lawrence J. Lin and Xiaopeng Luo, (1990) .2 Empirical study of Heidhues (2002) .3 Empirical study of Pham Bao Duong and Yoichi Izumida (University of Tokyo, Japan) •.1 The Econometric Design .2 The Conceptual Design .3 Data collection method .4 The sampling method .5 Summary this chapter . 32 CHAPTER 4: MODEL SPECIFICATION, EMPIRICAL RESULTS AND INTERPRETATION .1 Overview of Tan Chao District .1 Geographical location and population .2 The Rural Credit in Tan Chao district .1 The Financial Institution .1 The Vietnam Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (VBARD) .2 The Vietnam bank for poor (VBP) .4 People Credit Fund (PCFs) .7 Relatives and Friends .8 Rotating savings and credit associations (ROSCA) .39 v LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.3 Empirical Results and Interpretation .2 Descriptive statistic analysis .1 Farm income and non-farm income of farm households .2 Income-loan size of farm households •.4 Summary this chapter . 58 CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION AND POLICY IMPLICATIONS . 62 vi LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com LIST OF TABLE Table 3.2 Distribution of population in six communities in Tan Chau district .3 Calculating distribution of population in six communes in Tan Chau district .1 Distribution of population .2 Distribution of sample in various regions in Tan Chau district .3 descriptive statistics of continuous variables for the sample .4 descriptive statistics of income of farm households .5 descriptive statistics of income -loan size of farm households .6 Distribution of households borrow from formal and informal sector .7 Loan size of households from formal and informal credit and needing credit .8 loan size of households borrowed from formal credit .9loan size of households from informal credit.1 Oa purposes of households using loan .1 Ob purposes of households using loan .1 Oc income-loan size purpose of households .11 Distribution of average borrowing costs and interest rate .12 Distribution of average recipient of loan and repayment duration . 52 vii LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com ABBREVIATIONS CB Commercial Bank GSO General Statistic Office m2 meter square OLS Ordinary Least Square PCFs People's Credit Funds ROSCA Rotating Savings and Credit Associations VBARD Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development VBP Vietnam Bank for Poor VLSS Vietnam Living Standards Survey VND Vietnamese dong % Percent viii LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Problem Statement In Vietnam, there are two credit institutional systems in co-existence, formal and informal credits. The formal credit refer to this paper are the Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (VBARD), Vietnam Bank for the Poor (VBP), commercial bank (CB) and People's Credit Funds (PCFs). This system provides credit for poor farm households with favor interest rate. While the informal sector include rotating savings and credit associations (ROSCAs), moneylenders, storekeepers, relatives, neighbors and friends. This system provides credit for farm households with a higher interest rate compare to formal credit. However, the probability of access to formal credit is limited. According to the 2004 Vietnam Living Standards Survey (VLSS), there are only 30 % of total loans of households were received from formal credit while informal credit provided about 70%. This limitation may be due to the unavailable assets for collateral or might be the lack of knowledge of loaning procedures. Vietnam is an agrarian nation where 75% of the population settles in the countryside and about 70% of labor force has fieldwork. Most of the population of Vietnam concentrates in farm area where they struggle for their daily needs. They need credit to buy production inputs such as land, fertilizers, insecticides and seeds. As a result, credit is essential for poor farm households for productivity. However, due to the limited access to credit, input factor must be necessary for farm households at the beginning of crops. Consequently, credit constraint limits the optimum production or consumption choices of farm households along the line suggested by Sadoulet & de Janvry, 1995, Chapter 6, pp. 1 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com Tan Chau, a district in Tay Ninh province, lies in southeastern part of Vietnam. Where the total population are 108,532, of which, about 7,874 (7.25%) of the population lives in the urban area, and 100,649 (92.75%) lives in the rural area. Most of the population located in the remote areas where they live in poverty. These farm households have to confront the "vicious circle of poverty". Only 30% farm households receive loans from banks, leaving the remainder 70% households without access to loans (people's committee of Tan Chau district, 2005). When facing with limited access to credit, the credit is rationed and some borrowers (farm household) can not obtain the desirable loan size credit at the prevailing interest rate. Because the high interest rate is affected by the repayment ability or may not borrow the necessarily desirable loan size credit. This leads to the liquidity and can become a binding constraint on many farmers' activity. In this situation, farm households have to choose how to invest and what inputs to buy for production (see Freder, Lau, Lin & Luo, 1990, pp 1151; Pham and Yoichi Izumida, 2002 pp 320; Sadoulet & de Janvry, 1995, chapter 6, pp. 149-150) The lack of credit and insufficient funds to buy the input of production results in unattainable profit-maximizing quantity of inputs. For example, the farm households have land for agricultural production, they need capital to invest but they only have 60% of capital for investment, hence they need more 40% of capital for investment. If they do not get loan, the production will be underutilized. Furthermore, the farm households need capital to overcome these "urgent situations" such as shape increase of production input, fluctuation of the price of production input, shortage of insecticides and natural disasters. With the above analysis, we know that the lack of capital creates a bad consequence for poor farm households. Therefore, credit is one of the tools 2 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com that can solve this problem for farm household. In this situation by receiving formal credit, they might increase their income. There are many similar studies which are closely related to the case of Vietnam that are some empirical studies considering the impact of credit on agricultural productivity as Credit's Effect on Productivity in Chinese Agriculture (see Freder, Lau, Lin & Luo, 1990); Rural Development Finance in Vietnam: A Micro econometric Analysis of Household Surveys (Pham and Yoichi Izumida, 2002); Financial Markets under Transformation (Heidhues, 2002). These empirical studies show that agricultural credit plays an essential role in agricultural development. This study aims to studying "Effect of loan size on income of farm households who are facing credit constraint in Tan Chau district, Tay Ninh provinces".1 Research main question Does farm household who receive larger amount of loan, can earn higher income in Tan Chau district, Tay Ninh provinces? 1.2 Research sub-question What are the factors affecting farm household's income in Tan Chau district, Tay Ninh provinces? What can be done to improve the farm household's income in Tan Chau district, Tay Ninh provinces? 1.3 Objectives of the thesis 2 1.1 General objectives 1 A word caution is that the unit study is households. It is not individual farmers 2 The scope of this paper is subject to be one way consideration in the context of the effect of loan size to income (first stage); not subjected to the effect of income to accessibility of credit (second stage) 3 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com To consider the factors affecting the farm household's income in Chau district, Tay Ninh province? 1.2 Specific objectives The specific objective in this thesis is: considering the loan amount which affect to farm household's income in Tan Chau district, Tay Ninh province. How many percent of farm households borrow loan from formal and informal credit? How much loan size of farm households borrow loan from formal and informal credit? 1.4 Research hypotheses There is positive relationship between loan size and the income of farm households facing credit constraint in Tan Chau district, Tay Ninh provinces.5 Structure of the thesis The thesis includes five chapters. They are as follows: Chapter 1 is the introduction of the problem statement, research question, objectives and hypotheses of the thesis. Chapter 2 provides conceptual, discussing theoretical background relevant to research. It includes some theories and empirical studies in Vietnam and other countries. Chapter 3 represents the methodology, the description of data and data sampling methods for descriptive and econometric analysis.

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