Khóa luận tốt nghiệp the impacts of information communication technology ict on commercial banks empirical evidence from vietnam

Khóa luận phân tích tác động của công nghệ thông tin đến ngân hàng thương mại tại Việt Nam, cung cấp bằng chứng thực tiễn và kết quả nghiên cứu.

• Tác giả: Nguyen Ngoc Minh
• Người hướng dẫn: MSc. Pham The Thanh
• Trường học: Vietnam National University, Hanoi University of Economics & Business
• Chuyên ngành: Finance - Banking
• Đề tài: The Impacts of Information & Communication Technology (ICT) on commercial banks: Empirical evidence from Vietnam
• Loại tài liệu: thesis
• Năm xuất bản: 2023
• Địa điểm: Hanoi

Mục lục chi tiết

• GUARANTEE
• ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
• 1. CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION
• 1.1. Research objectives
• 1.2. Subjects and Scope of the study
• 1.3. Methods of study
• 1.4. Summary of research sequence
• 1.5. Scientific and practical significance of study
• 1.6. Structure of a research paper
• 2. CHAPTER II: LITERATURE REVIEW AND THEORIES
• 2.1. Literature review on ICT for commercial banks
• 2.2. Literature review on ICT for the profitability commercial banks
• 2.3. Literature review on ICT for the income diversification commercial banks
• 2.4. Literature related reviews
• 2.5. Rationale for information and communication technologies (ICT)
• 2.6. Literature review of Information and Communication Technology (ICT)
• 2.7. Technology and Communication (ICT) for the banking industry
• 2.8. Data of Information and Communication Technology (ICT)
• 2.9. The theory of bank profitability
• 2.10. Theoretical basis of bank profitability
• 2.11. The theory of bank income diversification
• 2.12. The theoretical basis of commercial bank income diversification
• 2.13. SUMMARY OF CHAPTER 2
• 3. CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHOD
• 3.1. Research method
• 3.2. Research process
• 3.3. Model to measure the impact of ICT on profitability of commercial banks
• 3.4. Model to measure the impact of ICT on income diversification of commercial banks
• 3.5. Research data
• 3.6. SUMMARY OF CHAPTER 3
• 4. CHAPTER IV: RESEARCH RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
• 4.1. Research results of the model Impact of ICT on profitability of commercial banks in Vietnam
• 4.2. Findings and discussions
• 4.3. Research results of the model Impact of ICT on income diversification of commercial banks in Vietnam
• 4.4. Findings and discussions
• 4.5. Conclusion and comments
• 4.6. SUMMARY OF CHAPTER 4
• 5. CHAPTER V: CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
• LIST OF REFERENCES
• LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
• LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES

Tóm tắt

I. Tổng quan về Tác động của Công nghệ Thông tin và Truyền thông ICT đến Ngân hàng Thương mại

Công nghệ Thông tin và Truyền thông (ICT) đã trở thành một phần không thể thiếu trong hoạt động của các ngân hàng thương mại tại Việt Nam. Sự phát triển nhanh chóng của công nghệ đã tạo ra những thay đổi lớn trong cách thức hoạt động của ngân hàng, từ quy trình giao dịch đến quản lý rủi ro. Nghiên cứu này sẽ phân tích những tác động tích cực và tiêu cực của ICT đến hiệu quả hoạt động của ngân hàng thương mại.

1.1. Định nghĩa và vai trò của ICT trong ngân hàng

ICT bao gồm các công nghệ và phương pháp truyền thông giúp ngân hàng cải thiện quy trình làm việc và phục vụ khách hàng. Vai trò của ICT trong ngân hàng không chỉ dừng lại ở việc tối ưu hóa quy trình mà còn nâng cao trải nghiệm khách hàng.

1.2. Lịch sử phát triển của ICT trong ngành ngân hàng tại Việt Nam

Ngành ngân hàng Việt Nam đã chứng kiến sự chuyển mình mạnh mẽ từ khi áp dụng ICT. Từ những năm 2000, các ngân hàng đã bắt đầu đầu tư vào công nghệ để cải thiện dịch vụ và tăng cường khả năng cạnh tranh.

II. Những thách thức mà Ngân hàng Thương mại phải đối mặt khi áp dụng ICT

Mặc dù ICT mang lại nhiều lợi ích, nhưng các ngân hàng thương mại cũng phải đối mặt với nhiều thách thức. Những thách thức này bao gồm vấn đề an ninh mạng, chi phí đầu tư cao và sự thay đổi trong hành vi của khách hàng. Việc hiểu rõ những thách thức này là rất quan trọng để các ngân hàng có thể đưa ra các giải pháp hiệu quả.

2.1. An ninh mạng và rủi ro trong giao dịch ngân hàng

An ninh mạng là một trong những vấn đề lớn nhất mà các ngân hàng phải đối mặt. Các cuộc tấn công mạng có thể gây thiệt hại nghiêm trọng đến uy tín và tài chính của ngân hàng.

2.2. Chi phí đầu tư và duy trì hệ thống ICT

Đầu tư vào công nghệ mới có thể tốn kém, và việc duy trì hệ thống cũng đòi hỏi nguồn lực lớn. Các ngân hàng cần phải cân nhắc kỹ lưỡng về chi phí và lợi ích khi áp dụng ICT.

III. Phương pháp cải cách quy trình ngân hàng thông qua ICT

Để tối ưu hóa hoạt động, các ngân hàng thương mại cần áp dụng các phương pháp cải cách quy trình thông qua ICT. Những cải cách này không chỉ giúp tiết kiệm thời gian mà còn nâng cao hiệu quả công việc.

3.1. Ứng dụng dịch vụ ngân hàng trực tuyến

Dịch vụ ngân hàng trực tuyến đã trở thành một xu hướng phổ biến, cho phép khách hàng thực hiện giao dịch mọi lúc, mọi nơi. Điều này không chỉ nâng cao sự tiện lợi mà còn giảm tải cho các chi nhánh ngân hàng.

3.2. Tích hợp công nghệ Fintech vào hoạt động ngân hàng

Sự kết hợp giữa ngân hàng và các công ty Fintech giúp cải thiện dịch vụ và mở rộng khả năng cung cấp sản phẩm tài chính cho khách hàng.

IV. Kết quả nghiên cứu về tác động của ICT đến hiệu quả ngân hàng

Nghiên cứu cho thấy rằng việc áp dụng ICT có tác động tích cực đến hiệu quả hoạt động của các ngân hàng thương mại tại Việt Nam. Các ngân hàng có mức đầu tư cao vào công nghệ thường có lợi nhuận tốt hơn và khả năng cạnh tranh cao hơn.

4.1. Tác động của ICT đến lợi nhuận ngân hàng

Các ngân hàng áp dụng ICT hiệu quả thường có tỷ lệ lợi nhuận cao hơn. Nghiên cứu cho thấy rằng đầu tư vào công nghệ có thể cải thiện ROAA và ROAE của ngân hàng.

4.2. Tác động của ICT đến đa dạng hóa nguồn thu

ICT không chỉ giúp ngân hàng tăng cường lợi nhuận mà còn mở rộng khả năng đa dạng hóa nguồn thu, từ đó giảm thiểu rủi ro tài chính.

V. Kết luận và triển vọng tương lai của ICT trong ngân hàng

ICT sẽ tiếp tục đóng vai trò quan trọng trong sự phát triển của ngành ngân hàng thương mại tại Việt Nam. Các ngân hàng cần phải không ngừng đổi mới và cải tiến công nghệ để duy trì vị thế cạnh tranh.

5.1. Xu hướng phát triển công nghệ trong ngân hàng

Các ngân hàng cần theo dõi các xu hướng công nghệ mới để áp dụng kịp thời, từ đó nâng cao hiệu quả hoạt động và phục vụ khách hàng tốt hơn.

5.2. Đề xuất chính sách cho ngân hàng trong kỷ nguyên số

Cần có các chính sách hỗ trợ từ chính phủ để khuyến khích các ngân hàng đầu tư vào công nghệ, từ đó thúc đẩy sự phát triển bền vững của ngành ngân hàng.

Trích đoạn nội dung tài liệu

VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS & BUSINESS Faculty of Finance - Banking «sa LEla-s& Instructor : MSc. Pham The Thanh Name of student : Nguyen Ngoc Minh Student ID : 19050693 Class : QH-2019-E TCNH CLC4 Hanoi, 2023 GUARANTEE I hereby declare that this thesis “ The Impacts of Information & Communication Technology (ICT) on commercial banks: Empirical evidence from Vietnam” is my own scientific research work. All references are duly sourced, properly published and fully cited. The content of the thesis is researched by myself honestly, scientifically and has not been published in any research work.

Signature of Instructor Signature of Student MSc. Pham The Thanh Nguyen Ngoc Minh ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I have been very fortunate to have received the support, guidance, and encouragement of many people in order to carry out and complete this thesis research project. First and foremost, I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to MSc. Pham The Thanh, the thesis's direct supervisor, who has always spent a significant amount of time and effort guiding me throughout the process of conducting research and completing the thesis topics.

I'd like to thank the University of Economics - Vietnam National University Hanoi for allowing us to participate in the thesis, allowing me to exchange and learn new information. Despite many efforts, it is impossible to avoid flaws in this thesis. We hope that teachers and experts will continue to provide assistance. Again, I sincerely thanks! Signature of Instructor Signature of Student MSc.

Pham The Thanh Nguyen Ngoc Minh IDLXð9)0. 6 LIST OF TABLES Ẽ. Regarding the rationale of the Study. Subjects and Scope of the SEUdẢ.

Methods Of Study.-s- 5à HH HH HH1 g1 12 1. Scientific and practical significance Of study. Structure Of a research Paper uu. cceessscsessecssessessesseesseeseesseesteseeseesecseestesseeateseesteaeeseeaeess 14 CHAPTER II: LITERATURE REVIEW AND THEORIES.

Literature review on ICT for commercial banks 2. Literature review on ICT for the profitability commercial banks. Literature review on ICT for the income diversification commercial banks 2. Literature related reViCWS Qe eccseecseeseeseesteseeseeseeneesteeseeatesneeaeesseeateseeseesteeseeateeneeaeeees 21 2.-- ch HH HH HH HH HH HH 1g 24 2.

Rationale for information and communication technologies (ICT). HH HH HH HH HH HH1. Literature review of Information and Communication Technology (ICT). Technology and Communication (ICT) for the banking industry.

tung nuoc cố. Data of Information and Communication Technology (ICT). The theory of bank profitability. HH HH HH HH HH HH HH HHH.

Theoretical basis of bank profitability. The theory of bank income diversification. HH HH HH HH HH HH HH TH. The theoretical basis of commercial bank income điversification.

35 SUMMARY OF CHAPTER2 .eseessessssssessseesssesseesseecssesstesseesseesueesueesueesseesneeeseeeseeateeaeeseesseesseesaeess 37 CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHOD. Research metho nn. Research DFOC€SS. HH HH HH HH HH HH H01 H111 11tr 39 3.

Model to measure the impact of ICT on profitability of commercial banks 41 3. Model to measure the impact of ICT on income diversification of COMME Cial ban KS.3 Research data on. SUMMARY OF CHAPTER 3 CHAPTER IV: RESEARCH RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. Research results of the model Impact of ICT on profitability of commercial Danks in Vieta.

Finding and đÏSCUSSỈOTNS.---5--- 5< HH gà Hà Hà HH nhàn 49 4. ó ch HH HH Hà KH KH HH TH TH TH HH HH HH Hành 4. Research results of the model Impact of ICT on income diversification of commercial banks in VietNAM. Finding and điSCuSSÏOTNS.

OLS r@SUIES nh ố ố ốốẽ. Conclusion and Comm€©IES. HH HH HH HH HH HH H111 11. SH HH H111 1111111111111 T111 T111 1111111 Tre 59 SUMMARY OF CHAPTER4 1h.

60 CHAPTER V: CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMENDATIDONS. ee 64 LIST OF REEFERENCES. «HH HH HHHHRRHEEESESEESEESAEET 65 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ATMs Automated teller machines BĐoNOsPỊYyDp) BMI Business Mix indicator of bank CIR Cost to Income Ratio of bank ICT_TI Technical infrastructure index of bank ICT_HI Human infrastructure index of bank ICT Information& Communication Technologies ICTCE Information& Communication Technologies cost efficiency IT Internet technology ITU International Postal Union oBnwNPm|86øSĐOƠRlÍi}ỈI)Ịị]! NET Net-interest income NIM Net-interest margin NON Non-interest income NPMARG Net-profit margin OLS Ordinary Least Square R-Div Diversify bank income ROA Return on asset ROAA Return on average asset ROAE Return on average equity ROCE Return on Capital Employed ROE Return on equity ICT_TA Technology application index of bank VIF Variance Inflation Factor Asset_Gro Asset Growth rate CIR Cost to Income Ratio SIZE Size of bank DPS_TA Bank's capital mobilization rate GL_GRO Loan balance growth rate LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES Table 2. 1: Summary of a study on the impact of diversification on bank stability.

2: Component Of ICT index. 1: Variables expected impact on bank performance model 1. 2: Variables expected impact on bank performance model 2. 1: Descriptive statistics of variables model 1.

2: Correlation matrix MOCel Lon. 3: OLS model 1 oes. 4: VIF coefficient model Lu. 5: Descriptive statistics of variables MOdel 2.

6: Correlation matrix MOE] Z2.---«- + 5<c+++x+rkE+ksEkEkkerkrtrkttkrrrirrkrrrirrirrrrrrirrerrkrrrree 56 Table 4. Summary of research S€QU€IC©.--- «(5< nhàng HH Hy nghi 13 Figure 2. 1: The development of digital-based innovatiOI.---cc+ccercexeereereerrererrree 28 ABSTRACT TITLE: The Impacts of Information & Communication Technology (ICT) on commercial banks: Empirical evidence from Vietnam. ABSTRACT: When the economic integration process in the banking sector takes place strongly and the competition becomes fiercer, Information & Communication Technology (ICT) is an inevitable and objective trend.

It affects banks in terms of profitability, diversification of revenue sources and enhancing their competitive position in the system. The banking industry is currently undergoing a transformation on many fronts under the influence of digital technology. Research on the impact of ICT on commercial banks through two models: Impact of ICT on profitability of commercial banks and Impact of ICT on income diversification of commercial banks on the basis of data from audited financial statements and annual reports of 32 commercial banks in Vietnam for the period 2014-2020. The general objective is to evaluate the impact of Information & Communication Technology (ICT) on commercial banks.

The author adopts methods: Quantitative method with multivariate regression model on pooled cross-sectional data, combined with descriptive and comparative methods (De Young and Rice (2004)). Research results show that: ICT has a positive impact on commercial banks in Vietnam. At the same time, the thesis also suggests policies to help bank planners and administrators understand the role of technology and have appropriate solutions for business activities in the industrial age digital art. KEYWORDS: Information and communication technology (ICT), profitability, income diversification, commercial banks.

Regarding the rationale of the study Countries around the world are currently undergoing substantial integration in all industries, particularly finance and banking. The banking industry is progressively demonstrating its vital role in the economy. The banking sector is significant to practitioners and regulators due to its influence on macroeconomic factors such as economic growth, entrepreneurship, resource allocation, poverty alleviation, education, and agriculture (Githaiga & Yegon, Citation2019). Inefficient banking operations will derail economic growth by reducing capital investment to produce goods and services (Dietrich & Wanzenried, Citation2014).

Most countries’ monetary stability is directly affected by banking activities. Along with the strong development of commercial banks, banks are also implementing strong competitive plans on service fees based on investment, with more modern and stronger technical infrastructure to satisfy the needs of clients. Customers’ requirements must be met on schedule. Along with the strong development of the Industrial Revolution 4.0, banks have many opportunities to access and expand the supply of suitable banking products and services to customers, contributing to promoting the implementation of financial orientation comprehensive (Financial Inclusion) of the Government.

With the entry of Fintech firms, competition is heating up (Tran Viet Dung & Lu Huu Chi, 2020). Indeed, what Buchak et al (2018) refer to as these companies' participation in the shadow financial market has allowed them to expand their own financial services at a fraction of the cost, cheaper and more convenient, and thus directly affect traditional banks' profit and market share (Vives, 2019). As a result, continuous investment in digital technology (cybertech) and continuous improvement of the e-banking system have become each bank's survival strategy, particularly following the financial crisis, despite its vulnerability to cybersecurity threats globally. Over the last several decades, the banking industry has undergone transformation and development in both size and quantity, with significant investments in IT such as in core banking systems and an increase in the proportion of digital banking processes.

ICT can be partial or total. Banking activities are taking over more and more sectors of countries’ economies. Banks might have embraced technology, investing in modern equipment in their operations and launching numerous outstanding utility products and services in 9 collaboration with fintech companies. The financial market is also more developed, with many tools such as online savings, commercial documents, financial derivatives, e-wallets, smart banking, and so on, attracting more customers to transact electronically through smart devices rather than going to a bank's headquarters or branch and bring great opportunities for commercial banks.

In favor ofincreasing spending on technology, the researchers believe that the digitization of financial services will contribute to increased bank productivity due to the advantages of scale through automation of the system payment system, which in turn helps to speed up the financial intermediation process (Chemmanur, 2002; Hancock et al. The global technological revolution allows banks to expand services in a cost-effective manner (Agyekum & ctg, 2016), and to promote financial development through global expansion (Tchamyou & ctg, 2019). While banks throughout the world increase their budgets for technology with increasing spending levels over the years (Greer & ctg, 2019), financial losses continue to occur. Cybersecurity behemoths have exploded as well, especially in Vietnam (see also: CNBC, 2016).

This raises a seemingly simple yet vexing question: does investment on technology benefit banks? Especially in the context of having to pursue risky decisions to survive in rapidly changing market conditions because of technological innovations (Uddin et al. As a result, there exists a mutual link between banks and even between banks and Fintech companies. In addition, the empirical evidence of Beccalli (2007) shows that higher technology spending has a clear adverse effect on profitability, in addition to Gupta's (2018) results. Another view is more neutral, typically a recent study by Uddin & ctg (2020) which argues that the stability of banks can be improved by investment in technology, but when a threshold is reached, certain, further increase in spending will adversely affect the stability of banks.

On the other hand, the opposing viewpoint has warned that excessive reliance on technology can lead to banks taking more risks (Ngonzi, 2016), particularly in the context of having to pursue decisions to take risks in order to survive in rapidly changing market conditions due to technological innovations (Uddin et al. As a result, there is a mutual relationship between banks, as well as between banks and Fintech companies. Furthermore, Beccalli (2007) empirical evidence demonstrates that increasing technology spending has a demonstrable negative influence on profitability, and Gupta's (2018) research shows 10 comparable conclusions. There are many technology applications that are invested with expensive costs but with low efficiency, even with high risks.

Banks must choose an effective technology investment strategy or merge with businesses. Furthermore, financial crimes have evolved and become more sophisticated, making it difficult for banks to keep customer information secure and safe in financial transactions. To ensure safety, banks must invest in security technology. In Vietnam, the banking system has undergone significant changes in terms of operational management, operational apparatus, technological application, and the development of modern financial services.

Fintech technology deployment in banks brings both benefits and challenges. As a result, not only researchers but also regulatory authorities are paying attention to the issue of quantifying the impact of investment in technological development on the efficiency and stability of banking activities. There is currently little research in Vietnam that clearly illustrates the impact of information and communication technology (ICT) on commercial bank operations.