Luận văn thạc sĩ: Tác động của biến động giá dầu đến kinh tế vĩ mô Việt Nam - Trường Đại học ...

Nghiên cứu mối quan hệ giữa biến động giá dầu và nền kinh tế vĩ mô Việt Nam, phân tích tác động và xu hướng trong bối cảnh hiện tại.

Trường đại học

University of Economics

Chuyên ngành

Development Economics

Người đăng

Ẩn danh

Thể loại

Thesis

2011

66
3
0

Phí lưu trữ

30 Point

Mục lục chi tiết

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

CERTIFICATION

ABSTRACT

1. CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION

1.1. Problem statement

1.2. Research objectives

1.3. Research questions

1.4. Research methodology

1.5. Thesis structure

2. CHAPTER II: LITERATURE REVIEW AND EMPIRICAL EVIDENCES

2.1. The relationship between oil prices and inflation

2.2. The relationship between oil prices and industrial production

2.3. Six oil price shocks in history

2.3.1. Crude oil price in the Middle East in period 1973-1975

2.3.2. Iranian revolution and oil price fluctuation in 1979

2.3.3. The severe fall of oil price in 1980s

2.3.4. Oil price shock in 1990

2.3.5. The downtrend of oil price in 2001

2.3.6. The tremendous oil price shock in 2007-2008

3. CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.1. Methodology- Econometric techniques

3.2. Stationary and Unit-root tests

3.3. Granger Causality Test

3.4. Impulse response functions

3.5. Variable Introduction and Data Description

4. CHAPTER IV: RESEARCH RESULTS

4.1. Unit Root Tests

4.2. Granger Causality Tests

4.3. Impulse Response Functions

5. CHAPTER V: CONSLUSION

5.1. Suggestion for Further Study

LIST OF FIGURES

LIST OF TABLES

Trích đoạn nội dung tài liệu

UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL STUDIES HO CHI MINH CITY THE HAGUE VIETNAM THE NETHERLANDS VIETNAM - NETHERLANDS PROGRAMME FOR M.A IN DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN OIL PRICE FLUCTUATION AND VIETNAM'S MACRO-ECONOMY • BY • LE THUANBINH MASTER OF ARTS IN DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS HO CHI MINH CITY, June 2011 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL STUDIES HO CHI MINH CITY THE HAGUE VIETNAM THE NETHERLANDS VIETNAM -NETHERLANDS PROGRAMME FOR M.A IN DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN OIL PRICE FLUCTUATION AND VIETNAM'S MACRO-ECONOMY A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS IN DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS By LETHUANBINH Academic Supervisor: DR. DINH CONG KHAI HO 'CHI MINH CITY, June 2011 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First of all, I would like to express my deep gratitude to my supervisor, Dr. Dinh Cong Khai, for his encouragement and willing supports during the thesis writing process. I would like to give thanks to Mr. Phung Thanh Binh, who had provided sources of data and instructed econometric techniques for my thesis. I wish to express my gracefulness to the Vietnam-Netherlands Programme for M.A in Development Economics which provides us chance to access the best conditions for our study. I am in debt of all staffs of the Programme for their devoted supports during the time I studied there. I am graceful to all professors who devoted their enthusiasm and knowledge on · lectures from which we have benefited greatly. What I have learned from these lectures not only help me have basic knowledge for doing this thesis but also provide • me profound understanding on economics particularly and life generally . I owe many friends a debt of gratitude for all their encouragement. I am graceful to all my classmates for their co-operations during the course. Last but not least, I am greatly indebted my family. My parents, especially my Mom always encourage me and save all their love to me unconditionally. TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com CERTIFICATION I certify that the substance of this thesis has not been submitted for any degree and is not being currently submitted for any other degree. This thesis is the result of my own independent work with the guidance of the supervisor, except where otherwise stated. Other sources are acknowledged by explicit references. LE THUAN BINH June,2011 . TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com ABSTRACT The impact of oil price shocks on the macro-economy has received a great deal of attention since the 1970s. Many empirical studies found a significant positive effect between oil price shocks and consumer price index (CPI), and this higher CPI will retard GDP. A key feature of this paper investigates the relationship between the world oil price and Vietnam's macro-economy based on monthly time series dataset from 2001 Q 1 to 2009Q4 , using the method of multivariate vector autoregression (VAR). The findings show that the world oil price affects the economic growth and inflation of Vietnam significantly. The results of the Granger causality test, impulse response functions, and variance decomposition analysis all showed that an increase in oil price will cause positive relationship to consumer price index, and this higher consumer price index causes negative affect on GDP . • TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION 1. 5 CHAPTER II: LITERATURE REVIEW 2. The relationship between oil price and inflation . The relationship between oil price and industrial production . Six oil shocks in history . Crude oil price in the Middle East in period 1973-1975 . Iranian revolution and oil price fluctuation in 1979 . The severe fall of oil price in 1980s . Oil price shock in 1990 . The downtrend of oil price in 2001 . The tremendous oil price shock in 2007-2008 . How higher oil prices affect the global economy . Quantifying the impact of oil price in OECD countries . Quantifying the impact of oil price in developing countries . 13 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail. Why oil seems to be a matter to the macro-economy . 19 CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 3. Methodology- Econometric techniques . Stationary and Unit-root tests . Granger Causality Test . Impulse response functions .3 Variable Introduction and Data Description . 31 CHAPTER IV: RESEARCH RESULTS 4. Unit Root Tests . Granger Causality Tests . Impulse Response Functions . 38 CHAPTER IV: CONSLUSION 5. 40 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail. Suggestion for Fmiher Study . k LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1.1: Relationship between oil price and CPI in Vietnam from 1998-2009 Figure 4.2: The relationships of variables LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1: OECD macroeconomic indicators in sustained higher oil price case with oil price assumed to be $10 per barrel higher than in base case Table 2.2: Oil-importing developing countries macroeconomic indicators in sustained higher oil price case after one year Table 2.1: The coincidence of oil dates and recessions after 1972 Table 2.2: Growth in Total Factor Productivity and the Real Price of Oil Imports Table 2.6: Summarization of the impact of oil price on economy Table 4.1: Stationary test for variables in level Table 4.2: Stationary test for variables ofCPI, IP, OP, and Ms in first difference Table 4.3: Stationary test for variable of IP in second difference TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Problem statement: In most of countries all over the world, oil industry plays critical roles in industrial, economic and social activities. The relationship between oil price and levels of economy activities has been the topic for discussion, because the oil price increases are absolutely different from increases in prices of other goods. The first reason is that oil price usually increases sharply or keeps sustainable, not typically of other goods and services. The second one is that demand for oil is fairly inelasticity; due to oil is the input of almost industries' output. The third one is that oil price fluctuations seem to be dependent on the exogenous factors such as revolutions in the Middle East. Finally, oil price fluctuations have been affected by abnormal economic change, and the consequences ofhigher price are recession, high unemployment, and inflation. Hamilton ( 1983) and Mork ( 1989), who are pioneers, researched the impact of oil price shocks on economic activity. They found that GDP is negatively affected by oil price shock and this was used as evidence that oil shocks are related to economic recessions. Brown (2004), Schneider (2004), Lardic and Mignon (2006), Sill (2007) found that the supply effect to demand effect and the terms of trade effect is altered variously in terms of the transmission mechanisms of oil shocks to economy. On the supply side, a reduction in inputs for production occurs in case of increased oil prices and this leads to higher production costs, and it results a slowdown of productivity and output. On the demand side, the oil price increasing puts prices of other goods in higher level, and it makes people more consider with their consumptions; so demand falls. On the terms of trade side, the worsening trade conditions have to be faced with fallen demand in oil- importing countries and this result in wealth transfer from oil-importing to oil- exporting countries. TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com Jimenez-Rodriguez and Sanchez (2005) found that larger impact on gross domestic product (GDP) is caused by an increase in oil price than a fall in oil price in the study on selected OECD countries. Their study shows the United Kingdom's GDP is negatively impacted by an increase in oil price in the oil exporting countries, while the oil importing countries except for Japan has the same result. A negative relationship between oil price and economic growth is also found in the research of Kim and Willett (2000), who examined the relationship between oil prices and economic growth for various panels of OECD countries. The same result also was pointed out by Glasure and Lee (2002) in their study on Korea. Therefore, it is important to understand ·impact of oil price on GOP in Vietnam for purpose of stabilizing Vietnamese economic development. Last but not least, an increase in oil price seems to lead the higher inflation. In fact, there are a lot of empirical evidences attempted to examine the positive relationship between oil price and inflation. By applying vector auto-regressions (VARs ), Burbidge and Harrison (1984) estimated the impact of oil prices in Canada, Japan, West Germany, the UK and the USA on consumer price index with data from 1961 to 1982. They found that consumer price index and oil price have positive relationship in Germany and Japan, and larger effect in the UK. By using Phillips curve framework, Hooker ( 1999) prove that inflation is affected by oil price changes only through their direct share in a price index, with little or no pass-through into core measures, while oil shocks played decisive role to core inflation before 1980. Blanchard and Gali (2007) used VAR model to similarly found that most rich countries had suffered strong impact by oil price rises over 1970-1983, but very little effect on inflation in West Germany and in Japan. With the advent of the policy of reform, Vietnamese economy has taken off since 1986. Vietnam has been able to achieve a consistently high level of GDP on average 2 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.6 percent a year and effectively address the problem of poverty. As a main sector i contributing up to 26% Vietnam's GDP, oil industry plays very important role in the whole Vietnamese economy. According to BP Statistical Review of World Energy, in June 2009 Vietnam's proven oil reserves were 4. The annual Oil and Gas Journal survey takes a much more cautious approach, suggesting just 600 millions barrels of proven reserves at the end-2009. As an oil exporter of refined petroleum products till 2010, Vietnam is potentially vulnerable to oil price volatility. When the global oil price goes up, Vietnamese government has to find out the way to tackle inflation. In 2008, the oil price got the peak price $145 per barrel, the inflation in Vietnam also sky-rocketed to 26.4 percent which is a unprecedented number and among the top highest of the world at that time. The price of essential food increased by 72. The country has a vast amount of oil reserves but it has not owned refinery factories yet. Therefore, the nation spends approximately 7.8 billion dollars to buy refined petroleum products. The number rose by 90.7 percent while the global energy price has been rising. The authority has decided to increase the retail price by 30 percent, which has caused more serious inflation . Vietnam used to be described as one of the economic tigers, but has been defeated by the intense inflation for the past few years. The matter has become a controversial issue which attracts many analysts to spend their time to research. In addition, the government has also made a lot of efforts and acted drastically to resolve the problem, but it has not stopped and kept on causing long-run effects. This relationship is described in below table with the steady increase of CPI- the core of inflation. 3 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail. Relationship between oil price and CPI in Viet11am from 1998-2009 . 180 160 140 120 100 --+-Oil price 80 -CPI 60 40 20 0 9 17 25 33 41 49 57 65 73 81 89 97 105 113 121 129 137 Source: Author's calculation. For the result, to examine impact of oil price on GDP and inflation in Vietnam is very important to effectively deal with rising price at a time when the surging oil cost occurs and to get a grip on inflation for stable development target.2 Research objectives: The overall goal of this thesis is to test the impact of oil prices on inflation and GDP.

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