Nghiên cứu về tác động của phản hồi sửa lỗi của giáo viên đến kỹ năng nói của học sinh tại ...

Luận văn thạc sĩ VNU ULIS nghiên cứu vai trò của phản hồi từ giáo viên trong việc cải thiện kỹ năng nói của học sinh tại Be Văn Đàn, Hà Nội.

Người đăng

Ẩn danh

Thể loại

M. Thesis

2017

64
0
0

Phí lưu trữ

30 Point

Mục lục chi tiết

ACCEPTANCE

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

ABSTRACT

TABLE OF CONTENTS

LIST OF TABLES

1. CHƯƠNG 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1. Identification of the problem

1.2. Purpose of the study and research questions

1.3. Significance of the study

1.4. Methods of the study

1.5. Organization of the study

1.6. Summary

2. CHƯƠNG 2: LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1. Corrective feedback

2.2. Types of corrective feedback

4. CHƯƠNG 4: FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION

4.1. Three research questions

4.2. Question 1: What types of corrective feedback are used in English speaking lessons in English major class and non-major class?

4.3. Question 2: What are the reasons behind teacher’s choice of corrective feedback?

4.4. Question 3: To what extent does corrective feedback lead to students’ successful repair?

4.5. Brief summary of the findings

4.6. Limitations of the study and suggestions for further studies

LIST OF TABLES

Trích đoạn nội dung tài liệu

VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST – GRADUATE STUDIES ĐỖ MỸ HƯƠNG A RESEARCH ON THE USE OF TEACHER’S CORRECTIVE FEEDBACK AT BE VAN DAN LOWER SECONDARY SCHOOL - HANOI (Nghiên cứu về sử dụng phản hồi của giáo viên tại trường THCS Bế Văn Đàn Hà Nội) M. Thesis Major: English teaching methodology (type 1) Major code: 60140111 Hanoi, 2017 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST – GRADUATE STUDIES ĐỖ MỸ HƯƠNG A RESEARCH ON THE USE OF TEACHER’S CORRECTIVE FEEDBACK AT BE VAN DAN LOWER SECONDARY SCHOOL - HANOI (Nghiên cứu về sử dụng phản hồi của giáo viên tại trường THCS Bế Văn Đàn Hà Nội) M. Thesis Major: English teaching methodology (type 1) Major code: 60140111 Supervisor: Dr. Mai Ngoc Khoi Hanoi, 2017 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com ACCEPTANCE I hereby state that I, Đỗ Mỹ Hương, class: QH2014.23B, being a candidate for the degree of Master of Arts accept the requirements of the University relating to the retention and use of Master Thesis deposited in the library. In terms of these conditions, I agree that the origin of my thesis deposited in the library should be accessible for the purposes of study and research, in accordance with the normal conditions established by the librarian for the care, loan or reproduction of the thesis. Signature Đỗ Mỹ Hương Hanoi, December 18th, 2017 i LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First and foremost, I would like to express my deepest gratitude towards my supervisor, Dr. Mai Ngọc Khôi, for his invaluable guidance and suggestions. I would also like to thank him for such careful feedback, advice, useful resources and materials that he gave me during process of conducting this thesis. Without his support, I would not have completed this thesis. I highly appreciate his enthusiasm. Secondly, my sincere thanks go to 2 teachers for their participation in the research and their permission for me to attend, observe and record the lessons. Appreciation is also expressed for their detailed answers in the stimulated recall. I would also like to thank all beloved students of class 6A0 and 6A3. Last but not least, my hearty thanks go to all family members and friends, who enthusiastically encourage me to complete my thesis. ii LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com ABSTRACT Errors are considered an indispensable part of any language learning process because they help make students more „mature‟ in their language proficiency. However, whether the use of teachers‟ corrective feedback has positive influences on students‟ speaking skills has been of scorching controversy among scholars. In fact, there have been many studies conducted on the field in Vietnam, yet not many studies focus on the students of secondary level. This offers a gap for the researcher to bridge. This study aims to investigate three issues: (1) the differences in the distribution of feedback types between two different level 6-grade classes, (2) the extent to which each feedback type successfully led to repair and (3) the reasons behind teachers‟ choice of feedback. Two classes (one English- major and one non- major) and two teachers in charge of these two classes participated in the study. Class observation and stimulated recall were employed as data collection instruments. The results revealed that teacher of non-major class preferred to use explicit techniques, whilst teacher of English-major class tend to use negotiation techniques. Recast was used the most frequently, yet did not lead to high rate of uptake and repair. Metalinguistic feedback, explicit correction, repetition and elicitation proved to be successful in generate students‟ repair. In terms of factors influencing teachers‟ choice of feedback, both internal factor (students‟ ability, error types) and external factor (time limitation, lesson goals) were found out. Key words: teachers’ corrective feedback students’ uptake reasons of feedback’s choice iii LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com TABLE OF CONTENTS ACCEPTANCE . iii TABLE OF CONTENTS .iv LIST OF TABLES .vi CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION . Identification of the problem . Purpose of the study and research questions . Significance of the study . Methods of the study .5 Organization of the study .3 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW . Types of corrective feedback . Factors affecting teacher‟s choice of feedback . Arguments on the role of corrective feedback . Review of previous research on the effectiveness of corrective feedback on speaking skills . Method of the study. Data collection instruments . Stimulated recall interviews .23 iv LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail. 27 CHAPTER 4: FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION . Three research questions . Question 1: What types of corrective feedback are used in English speaking lessons in English major class and non-major class? . Question 2: What are the reasons behind teacher’s choice of corrective feedback? . Question 3: To what extent does corrective feedback lead to students’ successful repair? . Brief summary of the findings . Limitations of the study and suggestions for further studies . V v LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com LIST OF TABLES Table 1. Distribution of corrective feedback of class 6A0 Table 2. Distribution of corrective feedback of class 6A3 (specializing in English) Table 3. Uptake following each type of feedback at class 6A0 Table 4. Uptake following each type of feedback at class 6A3 (specializing in English) vi LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1. Identification of the problem Speaking is absolutely part and parcel in the process of studying a foreign language like English. However, the skill of speaking in a fluent way is not a gift that everybody was born with. Speaking skill, in contrast, is sharpened through the long process of instruction and practice. Unfortunately, in Vietnamese English-as-a- foreign-language (EFL) classrooms, speaking skill does not receive as much concern as others like grammar, reading or writing. The syllabus mainly focuses on grammar, reading and writing, which appear in examinations. Speaking lessons are only distributed once or twice a week, each lesson lasts 45 minutes. As a result, students have little time to practice speaking. This makes them feel embarrassed when communicating with native speakers as they fear to make mistakes and not to speak fluently enough. That is to say, teachers play a key role in speaking lessons, for the reason that they have to create an effective environment for students to speak English and also instruct them how to speak or correct them when they make mistakes. On the other hand, Vietnamese and English are languages which belong to different types, making it a challenge for Vietnamese students to learn. The differences are found in many aspects such as sentence word order, phonological and sentence stress. The huge differences between two languages entail a great risk of making errors. Errors, on the other hand, are inevitable in mastering a language. When errors are made, students can learn more from them. Therefore, teachers‟ corrective feedback is dramatically vital as teachers will assist students to acquire correct English. From then, they can be more self-confident while making conversation with native speakers. Purpose of the study and research questions Due to the necessity of using corrective feedback in classrooms, the study aimed to investigate the use of corrective feedback in a particular Vietnamese EFL classroom, including which types of corrective feedback teacher employs to correct 1 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com students‟ mistakes during speaking lessons and what affects their choice of feedback. Furthermore, in this study, researcher wanted to gain knowledge about how teacher‟s corrective feedback has effect on students‟ speaking skills from students‟ perspectives. The aims can be operationalized into following research questions: Question 1: What types of corrective feedback are used in English speaking lessons in English major class and non-major class? Question 2: What are reasons behind teacher’s choice of feedback types? Question 3: To what extent does corrective feedback lead to students’ successful repair? 1. Significance of the study Due to the fact that corrective feedback plays a vital role in speaking lessons, this study was conducted with a view to becoming a guide for all teachers of English. When completed, it is expected to provide some suggestions and implications to teachers. By realizing which type of feedback was used and more importantly, how corrective feedback had effect on students‟ speaking skills, every teacher can apply to his/her own class. This, to some extent, may help to draw students‟ attention to the lesson and raise their interest in English as well as willingness to speak English. The study is a good source of information and good support as well when teachers want to improve their teaching skills, with a desire to make students feel more confident when speaking and feel more enjoyable when taking speaking lessons, making speaking lessons more joyful and efficient. Last but not least, the study is a source of information for those who are in need to investigate this issue in the future. Methods of the study This was a combination of quantitative and qualitative study. Classroom observation and stimulated recall interview were employed as data collection 2 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail. Then data were analyzed by means of descriptive statistics to determine which types of feedback used by participating teacher and to what extent feedback helps students recognize their errors and lead to students‟ repair. The stimulated recall interviews were conducted at the end of the day right after each lesson and transcribed right afterwards, and then analyzed to find out the reasons behind teachers‟ choice of corrective feedback.5 Organization of the study Chapter 1: Introduction chapter comprises the rationale of the study as well as the purpose to conduct this study, the research questions, the method used and the significance of the study. Chapter 2 (Literature review) illustrates definitions of key terms and discusses related studies by both foreign and Vietnamese researchers. Chapter 3 (Methodology) shows the context of the study, samples, data collection instruments plus data collection and analysis procedures. Chapter 4 (Findings and Discussion) presents, analyzes and discusses the data collected. Chapter 5 (Conclusion) sums up the findings of research, provides implications as well as suggestions in English pedagogy and works out some limitations for further research.6 Summary This chapter describes the rationale of the study, aiming at seeing the impacts of teacher‟s corrective feedback on student‟s speaking skills. In order to accomplish that aim, researcher used observation and stimulated recall interview to collect relevant data. Data observed were quantitatively analyzed while after-lesson stimulated recalls were qualitatively analyzed to make the study result more objective. The next chapter reviews related literature in the mentioned field. 3 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW This chapter presents some key concepts relating to corrective feedback: the definitions of corrective feedback by several researchers, feedback classifications, factors influencing teachers‟ choice of feedback, argument on the effectiveness of giving feedback to students as well as related studies on the field. Corrective feedback First and foremost, some definitions of feedback are provided. Feedback is a familiar concept in theories of language teaching and learning (Sheen 2011). In fact, there are a great number of definitions for the term feedback. Hattie and Timperley (2007) in their co-work defined feedback as the information which is given to a person with regard to his/her performance. In a narrower sense, feedback in teaching process can be understood as the indication teacher or instructor give learner relating to learning process with a view to assisting learner in improving and accelerating their learning (Sadler, 1989). Noteworthy is, according to Sheen (2011), feedback is provided no matter how right or wrong the learner‟s response is. Feedback sometimes can be given in the form of praise or encouragement.

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