BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO NGÂN HÀNG NHÀ NƯỚC VIỆT NAM TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC NGÂN HÀNG TP. HỒ CHÍ MINH KHOÁ LUẬN TỐT NGHIỆP Chuyên ngành: Tài chính – Ngân hàng Mã ngành: 7340201 CÁC NHÂN TỐ TÁC ĐỘNG ĐẾN CHÍNH SÁCH CHI TRẢ CỔ TỨC CỦA CÁC DOANH NGHIỆP NGÀNH ĐIỆN NIÊM YẾT TRÊN THỊ TRƯỜNG CHỨNG KHOÁN VIỆT NAM Giảng viên hướng dẫn: TS. Đặng Thị Quỳnh Anh Sinh viên thực hiện: Nguyễn Thiên Bảo Mã số sinh viên: 030631151812 TP.HỒ CHÍ MINH, THÁNG 10/2019 LỜI CẢM ƠN Trong quá trình thực hiện nghiên cứu và hoàn thành Khóa luận tốt nghiệp này, em đã nhận được sự giúp đỡ cũng như động viên từ nhiều phía. Trước tiên, em xin gửi lời cảm ơn chân thành nhất tới giảng viên hướng dẫn của em – TS.
Đặng Thị Quỳnh Anh. Cô là người luôn luôn tận tâm, tận lực, nhiệt tình chỉ bảo, hướng dẫn em trong suốt thời gian nghiên cứu và thực hiện Khóa luận này. Ngoài ra, thông qua Khóa luận này, em muốn gửi lời cảm ơn sâu sắc nhất đến các thầy giáo, cô giáo đang giảng dạy tại trường Đại học Ngân Hàng Việt Nam, những người đã truyền lửa, truyền đam mê và kiến thức về kinh tế từ những môn học cơ bản nhất, giúp em có được nền tảng về chuyên ngành tài chính - ngân hàng như hiện tại, từ đó có thể hoàn thành đề tài nghiên cứu này. Em xin chân thành cảm ơn! Sinh viên Nguyễn Thiên Bảo 1 LỜI CAM ĐOAN Tôi xin cam đoan Khóa luận tốt nghiệp này là do tự bản thân thực hiện có sự hỗ trợ từ giáo viên hướng dẫn và không sao chép các công trình nghiên cứu của người khác.
Các dữ liệu thông tin thứ cấp sử dụng trong Khóa luận là có nguồn gốc và được trích dẫn rõ ràng. Tôi xin chịu hoàn toàn trách nhiệm về lời cam đoan này. Sinh Viên Nguyễn Thiên Bảo 2 Abtract 1. Introduction: Dividend policy has been one of the most important issues in corporate finance and has been the subject of debate by many researchers in corporate finance throughout the past decades.
For Vietnam's stock market, corporate dividend policy has recently become one of the issues that investors are very interested in, especially for a defensive industry and with cash dividend policy. On a regular basis, the electricity industry is increasingly considered by investors. However, companies are not fully aware of the importance of dividend policy, late payment of dividends and dividends still occur in many companies (S4A, VPD, PIC,. With the desire to enrich the empirical evidence relevant to this issue, it will contribute in part to a better analysis of the dividend allocation decision, as well as its importance to the goal of maximizing.
Assets of shareholders, the author would like to choose the topic "Factors affecting dividend payment policy of electricity companies listed on Vietnam's stock market”. Data and Methodology: - Sample: The data is primarily drawn from the audited financial statements and dividend payment notices of electricity companies on corporate websites and financial websites such as www. The initial sample consists of 19 electricity firms listed on the Vietnam’s stock market between 2011 and 2018. To be included in the sample, the firms must pay dividends and report earnings at least 4 terms in order to calculate the dividend payout ratio.
The final sample consists of 15 firms and 118 observations for analyses. - Data collection methodology: Primary data sources are collected mainly from audited financial statements and dividend payment notices of companies on corporate websites and financial websites. such as www. Secondary data sources are collected from websites: www.vn, Hanoi Stock Exchange (www.vn), Ho Chi Minh City Stock Exchange (www.
The above figures are collected during the period from 2011 to 2018. The type of research data is panel data. - Research methodology: Using multivariate linear regression model for table data. Analyze and select one of the three regression models that are commonly used in 3 table data analysis, the smallest piloting model (Pooled OLS), the fixed effect model (Fixed Effect Model) and the random impact model.
(Random Effect Model) to study the relationship between dividend policy and independent variables of 15 power companies on Vietnam's stock market in the period of 2011-2018. - Data processing methodology: Regression testing by using tool support Stata 13.0, combined with statistics by Excel. Variable definitions: In this paper, the author chose Dividend Payout Ratio (DPR) as a dependent variable to study dividend policy of electricity companies listed on Vietnam's stock market in the period of 2011-2018. Based on previous empirical studies on factors affecting dividend policy and the actual situation of dividend policy of Vietnamese enterprises, the author built a multiple linear regression model with fake Theory of factors affecting dividend policy of electricity companies listed on Vietnam's stock market includes: Dividend rate of the previous year (DPRt-1), Profitability (ROE), Speed Revenue growth (Grow), Firm size (Size), Earnings per share (EPS), Debt leverage (Dept), Cash flow (CF).
- Previous Dividend Payout Ratio: The previous dividend payout ratio played a significant role in this year's dividend decision (Lintner, 1956). In his study, Lintner also said that the dividends that businesses make this year are usually not higher than the dividends of the previous year unless they are sure of the firm's sustainable growth. According to Signalling Theory, companies tend to try to maintain a stable and limited dividend payout rate to minimize dividends. In the study of factors affecting dividend policy of non-financial companies in Pakistan from 2001 to 2006, Ahmed and Javid (2009) also concluded that dividend rates are dependent.
on Past dividend rates. This reinforces the view of the correlation between dividend policy and dividends of the previous year. - Profitability: Profit can be considered as one of the most important factors affecting the dividend payment policy of companies. Firms that incur losses are often unable to pay dividends.
In his classic study, Lintner (1956) found that a company's net income is an important determinant of dividend policy. Moreover, several studies have documented a positive relationship between profitability and dividend policy (Jensen et al. Evidence from emerging markets also shows that profit is one of the most important determinants of dividend policy (Adaoglu (2000), Aivazian (2003)). - Revenue Growth Ratio: Different scholars have their own arguments on the direction of the factor's impact.
The first group thinks that revenue growth and dividend policy are positively related. They argue that companies with a high revenue growth rate show that the company is doing better, and according to Signalling Theory, these companies will broadcast good signals by increasing spending. dividend payments (Amidu and Abor (2006), Xi He et al. The other group argues that, when companies have more investment opportunities and the potential to expand the size of the company, managers will tend to retain more profits to reinvest because the capital is spent.
The fee is lower than other loans such as external borrowing or new stock issuance. That means companies must reduce or not pay dividends and vice versa. Besides, Agency Theory shows that when companies have strong cash flows but do not have efficient investments, companies pay high dividends to avoid wasting money on managers. - Company Size: Compared to small businesses, large firms have easier access to external capital markets and have an advantage in borrowing because of greater information transparency and greater peace of mind.
Moreover, large companies tend to diversify their investments and net cash flows more often, with less volatility than small companies. Therefore, large companies are willing to pay higher dividends Using Log (At) to represent firm size, Fama and French (2002) find that companies paying dividends are significantly larger than those that do not pay dividends or pay dividends. low, in the case of US listed companies. Xi He et al.
(2009) used the variable TA (total assets) to study and conclude that firm size is positively correlated with firm dividend policy. - Earning Per Share: Ahmed and Javid (2009) investigated the dividend payment policy of non-financial companies on the Karichi stock market between 2001 and 2006. They support Linter's theory that the policy goals Corporate dividends are based on earnings per share (EPS) for the current year and the previous year. Earnings per EPS share is the profit that the company allocates to each share usually circulated in the market.
5 - Dept Leverage: Debt leverage is defined as the total amount of liabilities divided by the total assets. There are many studies that have shown that financial leverage actually affects dividends. Profits will be kept more than paying dividends, in order to finance the company's business activities, repay debts to creditors, thereby reducing debt leverage. Aivazian et al (2003) used the variable Debt ratio (liabilities divided by total assets) to represent financial leverage and concluded that: financial pressure affects dividend policy, specifically Companies with high debt ratios pay low dividends.
Xi He et al. (2009) measure financial leverage by liabilities on total assets. Consistent with the theory that companies that are under financial pressure are capable of paying low dividends. - Cash Flow: Some researchers argue that net cash flows have a very strong relationship to income, even though they contain different information.
Adelegan (2003) argues that free cash flow explains dividend policy better than income. In addition, the study by Theophano Patra et al. (2012) also supports this hypothesis when the research results show that the liquidity of companies is one of the factors that increase the ability to pay dividends. Expected Relationship between Independent Variables and Dividend Policy Variables Proxy Expected sign DPRt-1 Previous dividend ratio + ROE Profitability + GROW Revenue growth ratio - SIZE Firm size + EPS Earnings per share + DEPT Debt leverage - CFF Cash flow + 4.
Regression Results: Author performed model regression by quantitative methods including variables and observations in variables through multivariate regression using the models Pooled OLS, FEM, REM through Stata 13. 6 The research results show that the dividend policy of electricity companies listed on Vietnam's stock market in the period of 2011 - 2018 has similarities with other researches in the world. In particular, the profitability (ROE) has a positive and decisive impact on the dividend rate of the business, this implies that the greater the profitability of businesses, the more likely it is to increase the dividends paid to the shareholders. In contrast, Cash flow (CFF), Growth ratio (Grow) and Company size (Size) are negatively related to dividend payout.
Accordingly, companies with larger cash flow, larger scale and higher revenue growth ratio will have lower dividend payouts. In addition, the regression results also found a correlation between the variables Previous dividend ratio (DPTt-1), Earning per share (EPS) and Financial leverage (Dept) with Dividend payout ratio; however, the statistical significance is not significant. Conclusions: The stock market is growing, the income from dividends is more and more interested by investors. However, the decision to pay dividends as well as the dividend payout ratio of electricity businesses in Vietnam depends heavily on business results, not many businesses have long-term orientations for dividend policy.
Enterprises often delay the payment of dividends through late payment of dividends, dividend debt, etc. Dividend payment method used by businesses is mainly to pay cash dividends. Enterprises always try to implement a stable dividend policy with a dividend of 5% - 15%. From the above facts combined with previous studies, the author makes a few recommendations for corporate executives in developing dividend policy consistent with the company's principles and development orientation.
Firstly, businesses must take measures to improve business performance, minimize costs to increase profitability of the business. Secondly, offering dividend rates in line with the company's performance based on size and growth. Thirdly, building long-term financial plans, appropriate capital structure.