Luận văn Thạc sĩ UEH: Các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến sự phát triển du lịch Việt Nam

Luận văn thạc sĩ UEH phân tích các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến sự phát triển du lịch Việt Nam, cung cấp cái nhìn sâu sắc và giải pháp hiệu quả.

• Tác giả: Nguyễn Thị Khánh Chi
• Người hướng dẫn: Dr. Hà Thúc Viên
• Trường học: University of Economics Ho Chi Minh City
• Chuyên ngành: Development Economics
• Đề tài: INFLUENTIAL FACTORS ON VIETNAM'S TOURISM DEVELOPMENT
• Loại tài liệu: thesis
• Năm xuất bản: 2011
• Địa điểm: Ho Chi Minh City

Mục lục chi tiết

• ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
• DECLARATION
• ABSTRACT
• TABLE OF CONTENTS
• LIST OF TABLE
• LIST OF FIGURES
• LIST OF BOX
• 1. CHƯƠNG 1: INTRODUCTION
• 1.1. Problem Statement
• 1.2. Objectives of the research study
• 1.3. The scope of the research
• 1.4. Research guestions
• 1.5. Research Methodology and Data Sources
• 1.6. Chapter outline
• 2. CHƯƠNG 2: LITERATURE REVIEW
• 2.1. The concept of tourism
• 2.2. The concept of development
• 2.3. The concept of tourism development

Tóm tắt

I. Tổng quan về các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến phát triển du lịch Việt Nam

Du lịch Việt Nam đã có những bước tiến đáng kể trong những năm qua. Tuy nhiên, để phát triển bền vững, cần phải hiểu rõ các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến ngành du lịch. Các yếu tố này bao gồm cả nội tại và ngoại tại, từ chính sách đến cơ sở hạ tầng.

1.1. Các yếu tố nội tại ảnh hưởng đến du lịch

Các yếu tố nội tại như hệ thống quản lý du lịch, cơ sở hạ tầng và ứng dụng công nghệ đóng vai trò quan trọng trong việc nâng cao chất lượng dịch vụ du lịch.

1.2. Các yếu tố ngoại tại tác động đến du lịch

Môi trường chính trị, văn hóa và cạnh tranh quốc tế cũng ảnh hưởng lớn đến sự phát triển của ngành du lịch Việt Nam.

II. Thách thức trong phát triển du lịch bền vững tại Việt Nam

Mặc dù có nhiều tiềm năng, ngành du lịch Việt Nam vẫn đối mặt với nhiều thách thức. Những vấn đề như chất lượng dịch vụ, môi trường và cơ sở hạ tầng cần được giải quyết để thu hút du khách.

2.1. Vấn đề chất lượng dịch vụ trong du lịch

Chất lượng dịch vụ chưa đáp ứng được kỳ vọng của du khách, dẫn đến sự giảm sút trong lòng tin của họ đối với thương hiệu du lịch Việt Nam.

2.2. Môi trường và cơ sở hạ tầng yếu kém

Hệ thống giao thông và cơ sở hạ tầng chưa phát triển đồng bộ, gây khó khăn cho việc di chuyển và trải nghiệm của du khách.

III. Phương pháp nghiên cứu các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến du lịch

Nghiên cứu này sử dụng phương pháp phân tích hồi quy đa biến để xác định các yếu tố chính ảnh hưởng đến phát triển du lịch. Dữ liệu được thu thập từ các cuộc khảo sát tại 12 tỉnh thành nổi tiếng về du lịch.

3.1. Phân tích hồi quy đa biến

Phương pháp này giúp xác định mối quan hệ giữa các yếu tố và sự phát triển của ngành du lịch, từ đó đưa ra các khuyến nghị cụ thể.

3.2. Khảo sát thực địa và thu thập dữ liệu

Dữ liệu được thu thập từ các doanh nghiệp du lịch và du khách, giúp phản ánh chính xác tình hình thực tế của ngành.

IV. Ứng dụng thực tiễn và kết quả nghiên cứu về du lịch Việt Nam

Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy các yếu tố nội tại như quản lý và cơ sở hạ tầng có ảnh hưởng lớn nhất đến sự phát triển du lịch. Các khuyến nghị được đưa ra nhằm cải thiện tình hình hiện tại.

4.1. Kết quả phân tích dữ liệu

Phân tích cho thấy rằng 43.3% sự biến động trong phát triển du lịch có liên quan đến các yếu tố nội tại của ngành.

4.2. Khuyến nghị chính sách cho phát triển du lịch

Cần có các chính sách hỗ trợ mạnh mẽ hơn từ chính phủ để phát triển bền vững ngành du lịch, bao gồm đầu tư vào cơ sở hạ tầng và nâng cao chất lượng dịch vụ.

V. Kết luận và triển vọng tương lai của du lịch Việt Nam

Du lịch Việt Nam có tiềm năng lớn để phát triển, nhưng cần phải khắc phục các thách thức hiện tại. Tương lai của ngành du lịch phụ thuộc vào sự cải thiện trong quản lý và đầu tư.

5.1. Tương lai của ngành du lịch Việt Nam

Với các chính sách đúng đắn, ngành du lịch có thể trở thành một trong những trụ cột chính của nền kinh tế Việt Nam.

5.2. Các xu hướng du lịch hiện nay

Xu hướng du lịch bền vững và du lịch trải nghiệm đang ngày càng trở nên phổ biến, mở ra cơ hội mới cho ngành du lịch Việt Nam.

Trích đoạn nội dung tài liệu

UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL STUDIES HO CHI MINH CITY THE HAGUE VIETNAM THE NETHERLANDS VIETNAM - NETHERLANDS PROGRAMME FOR M.A IN DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS INFLUENTIAL FACTORS ON VIETNAM'S TOURISM DEVELOPMENT By NGUYEN THI KHANH CHI MASTER OF ARTS IN DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS HO CHI MINH CITY, March 2011 J • r• AN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.c • I UJIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL STUDIES HO CHI MINH CITY THE HAGUE VIETNAM THE NETHERLANDS VIETNAM- NETHERLANDS PROGRAMME FOR M.A IN DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS INFLUENTIAL FACTORS ON VIETNAM'S TOURISM DEVELOPMENT A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS IN DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS By NGUYEN THI KHANH CHI Academic Supervisor: DR HA THUC VIEN HO CHI MINH CITY, March 2011 UAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add [e-mail] • I • I ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my sincerest gratitude to the following individuals for their guidance, assistant and help throughout this research. My first sincere thank goes to my academic supervisor, Dr. Ha Thuc Vien. He has read the thesis so many times and gave me valuable comments and suggestions. His comment makes the thesis become more concisely and clearly. Besides, I also owe my gratitude to Dr. Peter Calkins, Dr. Nguyen Huu Dung and Dr. Nguyen Minh Due. Their evaluation and remarks helped me a lot in choosing the topic and determine suitable research methodology. I would like to thank all lecturers and staffs of VNP program who have helped me by anyway to improve my knowledge. I highly appreciated help from my colleagues in travel companies and respondents from many restaurants, hotels, and transportation services, domestic and foreign tourists in collecting data to serve the thesis. Finally, my deep gratitude is also expressed to Mr. Nguyen Khanh Tuyen, my father, helped me to design research survey and contact information of his colleagues in tourism industry and my family for their spiritual support. HCMC, March 2011 NGUYEN THI KHANH CHI i UAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add [e-mail] DECLARATION I declare that "INFLUENTIAL FACTORS ON VIETNAM'S TOURISM D VELOPMENT" is my own work, that it has not been submitted to any degree or ex mination at any other universities, and that all the sources used or quoted are in icated and acknowledged by complete references. HCMC, March 2011 NGUYEN THI KHANH CHI '. ii UAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add [e-mail] • ABSTRACT The objective of this research is to investigate the level of Vietnam's tourism development, main economic and social factors influencing tourism industry and to determine the impact significantly of these factors on the development of Vietnam's tourism. The scope of the research is concentrated surveying individuals working in travel companies and enterprises related tourism in 12 provinces and cities famous in tourism of Vietnam. There were over 300 samples sureyed. Data were analyzed by using Exploratory Factor Analysis and Multiple Linear Regression Analysis. From 25 variables, the thesis withdraws into 13 variables through EF A analysis. Then MLR analysis is conducted to determine main factors affecting Vietnam tourism development and the results including three main factors are: ( 1) Internal components of tourism industry (Tourism management system, Tourism infrastructure, Social infrastructure, Economic insurance for hospitality, Technology application in tourism); • (2) External components affecting tourism industry (Political environment, Cultural environment, Competitive environment); and (3) Tourism resources (The good sense of environmental protection, Natural resources, The cultural value). In which, Factor 1 -Internal components of tourism industry- affects the strongest accounting for 43.3% of the variation of dependent variable. Factor 3 - Tourism resources - accounts for 26.8% of the variation of dependent variable. Then, Factor 2 - External components affecting tourism industry -accounts for 21.8% of the variation of dependent variable. All factors impact positively on Vietnam tourism development. The hypothesis testing results confirms the influence of these factors on Vietnam's tourism development with the significant level of 1% . • iii UAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail. I TABLE OF CONTENTS ' I A~KNO\VLEDGEMENTS . ut TtBLE OF CONTENTS . iv LIST OF TABLE . vii LIST OF FIGURES . vii LIST OF BOX . viii Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION .2 Objectives of the research study .3 The scope of the research .5 Research Methodology and Data Sources . 5 Chapter 2: LITERATURE REVIEW .1 The concept of tourism .2 The concept of development . 3 The concept of tourism development .4 A giance at the development of tourism industry . 5 Research on tourism in Vietnam . 27 • iv UAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add [e-mail] • I Chapter 3: MODEL SPECIFICATION AND SAMPLING METHOD .4 Data analysis method . 38 Chapter 4: DATA ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSIONS .1 Overview oftourism industry .1 Development of Vietnam's tourism indust1y .2 Tourism development in other countries .2 Data analysis and discussion .2 Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) .4 Adjustment of model and hypothesis after EFA .5 Multiple Linear Regression (l'vfLR) analysis .3 Hypothesis Testing and discussion . 69 Chapter 5: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION . ix APPENDIX la- QUESTIONNAIRE (ENGLISH) . xv APPENDIX lb- QUESTIONNAIRE (VIETNAMESE) . xix v UAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail. I APPENDIX 2- Test Cronbach's Alpha of 3 factors . xxii APPENDIX 3- Total Variance Explained of MLR . xxv APPENDIX 4- Brief some empirical researches in studying tourism development in Vietnam . xxvi APPENDIX 5- Summary of empirical studies about factors influencing tourism development . I vi UAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add [e-mail] LIST OF TABLE Table 2.1: Factors influencing on tourism development .1: Distribution of interviewees at 12 provinces and cities in Vietnam .1: Statistics ofthe number oftourists' arrivals in Vietnam .2: International tourism receipts and arrivals to Asia and the Pacific in 2005- 2009 .4: Descriptive Statistics for dependent variable .5: Descriptive Statistics for exploratory variables .6: Results of Exploratory Factor Analysis .7: KMO and Barlett's Test .8: Cronbach's Alpha ofthree factors .9: Coefficients of Multiple Linear Regression model .10: Correlations among variables in MLR model . 68 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2.1: Regional Competitiveness and Tourism Industry Performance .2: The number oftourists' arrivals of the 12 provinces and cities in 2009 .1: Revenue of tourism industry of 12 provinces and cities in 2009 .2: The growth of Vietnam's tourism industry in 2000- 2009 .3: International Tourism arrivals to Asia and the Pacific region in 2009 . 48 LIST OF BOX Box 2.1: Travel and Tourism Economy- Key facts at a glance . I vii UAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add [e-mail] ABBREVIATIONS A SEAN Association of South-East Asian Nations EFA Exploratory Factor Analysis GDP Gross Domestic Product ITDR Institute for Tourism Development Research KMO Keiser- Meyer- Olkin MLR Multiple Linear Regression PCA Principal Component Analysis lJNWTO United Nations World Tourism Organization WTTC World Travel & Tourism Council CPDC Caribbean Policy Development Centre ECLAC Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean ·I •, viii UAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add [e-mail] • Cllapter 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Problem Statement Recently, Vietnam's tourism industry has achieved a great progress and success; the reason to reach these achievements that is living standards of Vietnamese population is gradually improving, their demand for travel is greatly increasing; especially, domestic tourists have increased for over years. In addition to the enormous potentiality of natural resources, Vietnam is considered as a safe and attractive destination; hence, it is not surprised when international tours choose Vietnam to be their enjoyable and leisure place. The steady development of tourism industry has created many socio-economic benefits. Through tourism activities, Vietnam is close to foreign countries where it is .I known not only to be a brave and unyielding country in the fight for independence and freedom but also a great hospitable country and a very peaceful town on the way ./ for integration with the world. Moreover, through tourism, images of Vietnam as a friendly and peaceful country are raised to a new position in the eyes of the world friends. The development of tourism has created many jobs to domestic people, especially women, so it partly solves job needs of the society, contributing to gradually improve and enhance Vietnamese people's lives. The face of an area changes to a complete and positive direction when tourism activities develop there as well as it leads to wide and clean roads and spacious houses. In particular, ethnic minorities not only know farming and cultivation but also know how to make featured souvenirs to sell to tourists. The contribution of tourism into the national income becomes more and more largely; tourism contributed a remarkable share to the economic growth of Vietnam because it brings inflow in foreign currencies from international tourists to Vietnam. The tourism industry has contributed to restructure Vietnam's Economy in a positive 1 UAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add [e-mail] I I I I way, moving a division of labor from agricultural areas to services areas, thereby incteasing income and improving people's lives. Ho~ever, comparing with the economy in general and the potential of Vietnam's tourism in particular, the development of Vietnam tourism sector has not been as expected. Vietnam tourism industry not only does not create a confidence to tourists on the quality of products and services, but also lacks of professionalism in building an impressive Vietnam's Tourism Brand. "Up to now, Vietnam tourism is exploiting what is available, lacks of professionalism, competition, national identity and es~cially does not create added value in depth", Dr. Ha Van Sieu- Director ofiTDR - said. Barriers of Vietnam's tourism development is expressed to be difficult transportation, bad traffic coordination, dirty environment and street vendors, John Hummel of Netherlands Development Organization (SNV) 1. ·I Cqmpared with other Southeast Asian countries, Vietnam's tourism industry is relatively young and small. The contribution of the tourism industry in Vietnam, directly and indirectly, reached US$11 billion in 2008. However, Malaysia's and Thailand's tourism industry was 2.5 times (US$38 billion) respectively the size of Vietnam's tourism industry 2 . Thus, that how to develop Vietnam's tourism industry is a big question and also a challenge for decision-makers and tourism managers. Therefore, the study was carries out to idbntify which determinative factors affect the tourism industry; accordingly, this orients for tourism development in Vietnam. This is the reason for choosing the topic "INFLUENTIAL FACTORS ON VIETNAM'S TOURISM DEVELOPMENT" 1 This remark is given on international conference "Building a destination brand" organized by Vietnam National Administration of Tourism on Dec 16th 2010 (http://vef vn/201 0-12-16-thuong- hieu-du-lich-viet-nam-thieu-ban-sac accessed Dec 17th 201 0) 2 Cited on the article "Serving a desire for growth" published in the Vietnam Investment Review- English Weekly 2 March 2009 available on http://www.com/en VN/vnlpublications/assets/servicing a desire for growth-final.pdf ·I retrieved Nov 6th, 2010 2 UAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.2 Objectives of the research study I The1 goal of this study is to find out influential factors on Vietnam's tourism development. These factors are originated from economic and social influence inside and outside the tourism industry. In order to meet this above goal, this thesis aims to obtain the following specific objectives: (1) To understand the current status of the tourism industry in Vietnam, the thesis describes and analyzes the development of tourism over years; accordingly, comparison in terms of development between Vietnam's tourism and other countries' tourism was made to identity the position of Vietnam's tourism in East Asia region. (2) To investigate factors which determine the development of tourism industry in Vietnam, the study synthesized economic and social factors influencing tourism development from previous researches and analyzed the impact of these factors on Vietnam's tourism. (3) To recommend some important solutions and strategies to improve and develop Vietnam's tourism industry based on its potential, the thesis test the significance of these factors withdrawn to apply on Vietnam's tourism development. 3 The scope of the research Vietnam is divided into 3 regions: Nmih, Central and South.