Luận văn thạc sĩ về các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến phát triển du lịch Việt Nam của Nguyễn Thị Khánh ...

Luận văn thạc sĩ nghiên cứu Influential factors on vietnams tourism development luận văn thạc sĩ, khảo sát thực trạng, phân tích nguyên nhân, đề xuất giải pháp cải thiện thực tiễn.

Trường đại học

University of Economics

Chuyên ngành

Development Economics

Người đăng

Ẩn danh

Thể loại

Thesis

2011

129
0
0

Phí lưu trữ

35 Point

Mục lục chi tiết

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

DECLARATION

ABSTRACT

1. CHƯƠNG 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1. Problem Statement

1.2. Objectives of the research study

1.3. The scope of the research

1.4. Research questions

1.5. Research Methodology and Data Sources

1.6. Chapter outline

2. CHƯƠNG 2: LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1. The concept of tourism

2.2. The concept of development

2.3. The concept of tourism development

2.4. Planning for the development of tourism

2.5. Travel and Tourism Economy - Key facts at a glance

3. CHƯƠNG 3: MODEL SPECIFICATION AND SAMPLING METHOD

3.1. Measurement of variables

3.2. Data collection

3.3. Data analysis method

4. CHƯƠNG 4: DATA ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSIONS

4.1. Overview of tourism industry

4.2. Development of Vietnam’s tourism industry

4.3. Tourism development in other countries

4.4. Data analysis and discussion

4.5. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA)

4.6. Adjustment of model and hypothesis after EFA

4.7. Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) analysis

4.8. Hypothesis Testing and discussion

5. CHƯƠNG 5: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

APPENDIX 1a: QUESTIONNAIRE (ENGLISH)

APPENDIX 1b: QUESTIONNAIRE (VIETNAMESE)

APPENDIX 2: Test Cronbach’s Alpha of 3 factors

APPENDIX 3: Total Variance Explained of MLR

APPENDIX 4: Brief some empirical researches in studying tourism development in Vietnam

APPENDIX 5: Summary of empirical studies about factors influencing tourism development

LIST OF TABLE

LIST OF BOX

ABBREVIATIONS

Trích đoạn nội dung tài liệu

UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL STUDIES HO CHI MINH CITY THE HAGUE VIETNAM THE NETHERLANDS VIETNAM - NETHERLANDS PROGRAMME FOR M.A IL' DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS INFLUENTIAL FACTORS ON VIETNAM’S TOURISM DEVELOPMENT Dy NGUYEN THI KHANH CHI MASTER OF ARTS IN DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS HO CHI MINH CI4 Y, March 2011 U IVERSITY OF ECONOMICS INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL STUDIES HO CHI MINH CITY THE HAGUE VIETNAM THE NETHERLANDS VIETNAM - NETHERLANDS PROGRAMME FOR M.A IN DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS INFLUENTIAL FACTORS ON VIETNAM’S TOURISM DEVELOPMENT A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of MA$“ TER OF ARTS IN DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC S By NGUYEN THI KHANH CHI Academic Supervisor: DR HA THUC VIEN HO CHI MINH CITY, March 2011 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my sincerest gratitude to the fo11ov ing individuals for their guidance, assistant and help throughout this research. My first sincere thank goes to my academic supervisor, Dr. Ha Thuc Vien. He has read the thesis so many times and gave me valuable comments and suggestions. His comment makes the thesis become more concisely and clearly. Besides, I also owe my gratitude to Dr. Peter Calkins, Dr. Nguyen Huu Dung and Dr. Nguyen Minh Duc. Their evaluation and remarks helped me a lot in choosing the topic and determine suitable research methodology. I would like to thank all lecturers and staffs of VNP program who have helped me by anyway to improve my knov ledge. I highly appreciated help from my colleagues in travel companies and respondents from many restaurants, hotels, and transportation services, domestic and foreign tourists in collecting data to serve the thesis. Finally, my deep gratitude is also expressed to Mr. NguJ'en Khanh Tuyen, my father, helped me to design research survey and contact information of his colleagues in tourism industry and my family for their spiritual support. HCMC, March 2011 NGUYEN THI KHANH CHI DECLARATION I declare that “INFLUENTIAL FACTORS ON VIETNAM’S TOURISM DI?VELOPMENT” is my own work, that it has not been submitted to any degree or examination at any other universities, and that all the sources used or quoted are in(1icated and acknowledged by complete references. HCMC, March 2011 NGUYEN THI KHANH CHI ABSTRACT The objectix e of this research is to investigate the level of Vietnam’s tourism development, main economic and social factors influencing tourism industry and to determine the impact significantly of these factors on the development of Vietnam’s tourism. The scope of the iesearch is concentrated surveying individuals working in travel companies and enterprises related tourism in 12 provinces and cities famous in tourism of Vietnam. There were over 300 samples sureyed. Data were analyzed by using Exploratory Factor Analy sis and Multiple Linear Regression Analysis. From 25 variables, the thesis withdraws into 13 variables through EFA analysis. Then MLR analysis is conducted to determine main factors affecting Vietnam tourism development and the results including three main factors are: (1) Internal components of tourism industry (Tourism management system, Tourism infrastructure, Social infrastructure, Economic insurance for hospitality. Technology application in tourism); (2) External components affecting tourism industry (Political enviionment, Cultural environment, Competitive environment); and (3) Tourism resources (The good sense of environmental protection, Natural resources, The cultural value). In which, Factor 1 — Internal components of tourism industry — affects the strongest accounting for 43.3% of the variation of dependent variable. Factor 3 — Tourism resourccs — accounts for 26.8% of the variation of dependent variable. Then, Factor 2 — External components affecting tourism industry — accounts for 21.8% of the variation of dependent variable. All factors impact positively on Vietnam tourism development. The hypothesis testing results confirms the influence of these factors on Vietnam’s tourism development with the significant level of 10 TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 3: MODEL SPECIFICATION AND SAMPLING METHOD. / Measurement of variables.3 Data cc//ec/ion.4 Data analysis method.38 Chapter 4: DATA ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSIONS. 1 Overview of tourism industry. / 3evelopment of Vietnam ’s tourism industi y. 2 Tourism development in other countric• s.2 Data analysis and discussion.2 Exploratory Factoi Analysis UEFA) .4 4 Adjustment of model and hypothesis aftei EFA.5 Multiple Linear Regression ( HLRj analysi s .3 Hypothesis Testing and discussion. 69 Chapter 5: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION.ix APPENDIX la — QUESTIONNAIRE (ENGLISH).xv APPENDIX lb — QUESTIONNAIRE (VIETNAMESE).xix APPENDIX 2 — Test Cror bach’s Alpha of 3 factors.xxii APPENDIX 3 — Total Variance Explained of MLR.xxv APPENDIX 4 — Brief some empirical researches in studying tourism development i» Vietnam.xxvi APPENDIX 5 — Summary of empirical studies about factors influencing tourism development.xxviii LIST OF TABLE Table 2. 1 : Factors influencing on tourism development.1: Distribution of interv'iewees at 12 provinces and cities in Vietnam.1: Statistics of the number of tourists’ arrivals in Vietnam.2: International tourism receipts and arrivals to Asia and the Pacific in 2005- 2009.4: Descriptive Statistics for dependeiit variable.5: Llescriptive Statistics for exploratory x ariables.6: Results of Exploratory Factor AnalJ°sis.7: KMO and Barlett’s Test.8: Cronbach’s Alpha of three factors.9: Coefficients of Multiple Linear Regression model. 10: Correlations among variables in MLR model.68 LIST OF BOX , Box 2. 1 : Travel and Tourism Economy — Key facts at a glance.10 ABBREVIATIONS ASEAN Association of South-East Asian Nations EFA Exploratory Factor Analysis GDP Gross Domestic Product ITDR Institute for Tourism Dev elopment Research KMO Keiser — Meyer — Olkin MLR Multiple Linear Regression PCA Principal Component Analysis LAW IO United Nations World Tourism Organization WTTC World Travel & Tourism Council CPDC Caribbean Policy Development Centre ECLAC Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean • Chapter INTRODUCTION 1.1 Problem Statement Recently, Vietnam’s tourisiri industry has achieved a great progress and success; the reason to reach these achievements that is living standards of Vietnamese population is gradually impi oving, their demand for travel is greatly increasing; especially, domestic tourists have increased for over yeais. In addition to the enormous potentiality of natural resources. Vietnam is considered as a safe and attractive destination; hence, it is not surprised when international tours choose Vietnam to be their enjoyable and leisure place. The steady development of tourism industry has created many socio-economic benefits. Through tourism activities, Vietnam is close to foreign countries where it is known not only to be a brave and unyielding country in the fight for independence and freedom but also a great hospitable country and a very peaceful town on the way for integration with the world. Moreover, through tourism, images of Vietnam as a friendly and peaceful country are raised to a new position in the eyes of the world friends. The development of tourism has created many jobs to domestic people, especially women, so it partly solves job needs of the society, contributing to gradually improve and enhance Vietnamese people’s lives. The face of an area changes to a complete and positive direction when tourisiri activities develop there as well as it leads to wide and clean roads and spacious houses. In particular, ethnic minorities not only know farming and cultivation but also know how to make featured souvenirs to sell to tourists. The contribution of tourism into the national income becomes more and more largely; tourism contributed a remarkable share to the economic growth of Vietnam because it brings inflow in foreign currencies from international tourists to Vietnam. The tourism industry has contributed to restructure Vietnam‘s Economy in a positive , way, moving a division of labor from agricultural areas to services areas, thereby increasing income and improving people's lives. However, comparing with the economy in general and the potential of Vietnam's tourism in particular, the development of Vietnam tourism sector has not been as expected. Vietnam tourism industry not only does not create a confidence to tourists on the quality of products and services, but also lacks of professionalism in building an impressive Vietnam’s Tourism Brand. “Up to now, Vietnam tourism is exploiting what is available, lacks of professionalism, competition, national identity and especially does not create added value in depth”, Dr. Ha Van Sieu — Director of ITDR — said. Barriers of Vietnam’s tourism development is expressed to be difficult transportation, bad traffic coordination, dirty environment and street vendors, John Hummel of Netherlands Development Organization (SNV)'. Compared with other Southeast Asian countries, Vietnam’s tourism industry is relatively young and small. The contribution of the tourism industry in Vietnam, directly and indirectly, reached US$11 billion in 2008. However, Malaysia’s and Thailand’s tourism industry was 2.5 times (US$38 billion) respectively the size of Vietnam’s tourism industry'. Thus, that how to develop Vietnam’s tourism industry is a big question and also a challenge for decision-makers and tourism managers. Therefore, the study was carries out to identify which determinative factors affect the tourism industry; accordingly, this orients for tourism development in Vietnam. This is the reason for choosing the topic "INFLUENTIAL FACTORS ON VIETNAM’S TOURISM DEVELOPMENT" ' This remark is given on international conference “Building a destination brand” organized by Vietnam National Administration of Tourism on Dec 16‘ 2010 (http’ //vef vn/2010-12-16-thuonii- hjpu-du-lich-viet-nam-thieu-ban-sac accessed Dec 17‘ 2010) Cited on the article “Serving a desire for growth” published in the Vietnam Investment Review — English Weekly 2 March 2009 available on hJfp'//www pwc com/en VN/vn/publications/assets/servicing: a desire for owth-final pdf retrieved Nov 6th, 2010 2 1.2 Objectives of the research study The goal of this study is to find out influential factors on Vietnam‘s tourism development. These factors are originated from economic and social influence inside and outside the tourism industry. In order to meet this above goal, this thesis aims to obtain the following .specific objectives: To understand the currcnt status of the tourism industry in Vietnam. the thesis describes and analyzes the development of tourism over years; accordingly, comparison in terms of development betv’een Vietnam’s tourism and othcr countries’ tourism was made to identify the position of Vietnam’s tourism in East Asia region. (2) To investigate factors which determine the development of tourism industry in Vietnam. the study synthesized economic and social factors influencing tourism development from previous rcsearches and analyzed the impact of these factors on Vietnam’s tourism. (3) To recommend some important solutions and strategies to improve and develop Vietnam’s tourism industry based on its potential, the thesis test the significance of these factors w°ithdrawn to apply on Vietnam’s tourism development.3 The scope of the research Vietnam is divided into 3 regions: North, Central and South. The research purposes to represent for tourism industry of Vietnam; thus the research investigates surveys in 3 regions represented by 12 well-known tourism provinces and cities of Vietnam including the North (Quang Ninh, Ha Noi, Ninh Binh), the Central (Thua Thien Hue, • Da Nang. Lam Dong, Khanh Hoa) and the South (Binh Thuan, Ba Ria-Vung Tau. Kien Giang, HCMC). The subject of research is investigated in the survey at the point time in 3 different regions. In addition, respondents are international and domestic tourists, managers and staffs in hotels, restaurants, transportations, and other services related tourism. Especially, the research focuses on surveys from individuals working in tourism industry, not tourists.4 Research questions In order to obtain the above analysis, this thesis will attempt to answer the following questions: (1) How has Vietnam’s tourism industry developed'? (2) Which factors affect Vietnam’s tourism development? 1,5 Research Methodology and Data Sources This study about influential factors on tourism development can be carried out by two approaches: a qualitative approach and a quantitative approach, in which quantitative approach is determined as a primary approach in this research. To conduct the study, primary data and secondary data are all used. The primary data is conducted in the year 2010 in 12 provinces and cities in Vietnam. Secondary data comes from academic books, government reports, statistical reports, journal and newspaper articles, tourism maps and development reports that are more specifically focused on Vietnam‘s tourism. Among these sources of data, the emphasis is placed on primary data from a survey conducted in 12 provinces and cities of the country. 4 Tha research is run by SPSS software. In this research, Exploratory Factor Analysis and Multiple Linear Regression analysis are used to analyze results.

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