HAIPHONG UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES Giáo trình ENGLISH GRAMMAR 2 (NGỮ PHÁP TIẾNG ANH 2) Mã số : Chủ biên : T.S Đinh Minh Thu Thành viên : Th.S Nguyễn Văn Phi Đơn vị : Khoa Ngoại ngữ Hải Phòng, tháng 4 năm 2022 i PREFACE Grammar never loses its significance in the mastery of a language. Grammar is one of the main linguistic disciplines, or the backbone of a language, which makes it controllable and communicative. Without grammar, clear and effective transactions of meaning are hard to occur. Studying grammar enables logical thinking and facilitates effective communication.
Therefore, grammar is a compulsory subject for language learners, especially for those who major in a language. English Grammar 2, the subsequent book of English Grammar 1, comes into existence to serve the needs of learning English grammar academically and systematically of English majors at Haiphong University. While English Grammar 1 introduces grammar in terms of words and phrases, English Grammar 2 continues to discuss clauses and sentences. The book can be useful for all English language learners in a wider community, including those at other universities.
Not only can they master grammar to contribute to their own language accuracy, but they can also help the others to do so. The book English Grammar 2 provides the learners with the systematic grammatical knowledge of English sentences in terms of their definition, classification and other finer grammatical points in these sentences in three chapters starting from the simple sentences to the complex sentences. The book authors care the reader-friendliness by designing a highly consistent content layout for the whole book as well as for each chapter. Prior to the presentation of three chapters, a course introduction starts with the course general information, objectives, class hour distribution, learning methods and assessment plan.
Each chapter includes four major parts, which are chapter objectives, materials, theory contents and chapter review. A whole-course review gives the book users the second change to consolidate the knowledge of English Grammar 2. Without our family’s strong support and sacrifice, we cannot complete this book. We owe them our deep gratitude.
Our colleagues and students get our thanks as well when they have given us useful ideas for the birth and completion of the book. Also, we would like to thank the university and department leaders who have given us the opportunity to write and publish the book. Although the book has been completed with all our dedication, there will still be limitations. Therefore, constructive comments which can be sent to us via: Chief author: Dinh Minh Thu, email: thudm@dhhp.vn Editor : Nguyen Van Phi, email: phinv@dhhp.vn ii TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES .vi COURSE INTRODUCTION.
Course general information. Class hour distribution guide. x AN ENTRY TEST. THE SIMPLE SENTENCE.
SENTENCE INTRODUCTION AND CLASSIFICATION. Definition of a sentence. Classification of sentences. SYNTACTIC FEATURES OF SENTENCE ELEMENTS.
SEMANTIC FUNCTIONS OF SENTENCE ELEMENTS. Definition of concord. Principles of concord. Types of concord.
SENTENCE CLASSIFICATION IN TERMS OF COMMUNICATIVE FUNCTIONS. Summary of simple sentences. ELLIPSIS and COORDINATION. Definition of ellipsis.
Classification of ellipsis. Ellipsis independent on linguistic context. Ellipsis dependent on linguistic context. Definition of coordination.
Classification of coordination. THE COMPLEX SENTENCE. Similarities between coordination and subordination. Differences between coordination and subordination.
Definition of dependent clauses. Classification of dependent clauses. Definition of nominal clauses. Classification of nominal clauses.
Wh-interrogative clauses. Yes-no interrogative clauses. Nominal relative clauses. -Ing participle clauses.
To-infinitive clauses. Bare infinitive clauses. Definition of adverbial clauses. Classification of adverbial clauses.
Definition of relative clauses. Classification of relative clauses. Reducing relative clauses. 72 WHOLE – COURSE REVISION.
83 v LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS (…) : Optional, or explanation * : Grammatically incorrect A : Adverbial AdjP : Adjective Phrase AdvP : Adverb Phrase App : Appositive C : Complement Cadj : Adjectival complement Cl : Clause Co : Object complement Cprep : Prepositional complement Cs : Subject complement NP : Noun phrase O : Object Od : Direct object Oi : Indirect object PrepP : Prepositional Phrase S : Subject VP : Verb phrase vi LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES Figure 1. Sentence Definition ……… 4 Table 1. Syntactic features of subject ……… 6 Table 1. Syntactic features of verb ……… 7 Table 1.
Syntactic features of object ……… 7 Table 1. Syntactic features of complement ……… 8 Table 1. Syntactic features of adverbial ……… 9 Table 1. Summary of semantic functions of sentence elements.
Summary of sentence types in terms of communicative ……… 28 functions. Simple conjunctions FANBOYS ……… 44 Table 2. Conjunctive adverbs ……… 46 Table 3. Coordination and subordination in comparison ……… 57 Table 3.
The summary table of the functions of nominal clauses ……… 68 Table 3. Restrictive and non-restrictive relative clauses ……… 72 vii COURSE INTRODUCTION 1. COURSE GENERAL INFORMATION Course name: English Grammar 2 Code: ENG5262 Course type: Compulsory Prerequisite: English Grammar 1 Target students: English sophomores Semester: 3 Credit: 2 Credit hours: 30 hours (25 hours of theory, 5 hours of practice, 60 hours of self-study) 2. COURSE OBJECTIVES After this course, students will be able to achieve the following competences: - Discuss the key concepts in the course English grammar 2, including simple sentences, compound sentences and complex sentences in English, - Outline and explain the structures of simple sentences, compound sentences, complex sentences in English, - Understand the syntactic functions and expressions of sentence elements, - Identify the role, definition and mechanism of coordination subordination, - Manage the structures of dependent clauses in English, - Justify the grammatical correctness of sentences in English, - Apply the knowledge of the different English sentence types to produce grammatically correct simple sentences, compound sentences and complex sentences, - Apply the knowledge of the different English sentence types to produce grammatically correct simple sentences, compound sentences and complex sentences.
COURSE CONTENTS The book consists of three chapters: - The simple sentence - Ellipsis and coordination - The complex sentence viii 5. CLASS HOUR DISTRIBUTION GUIDE Week Lesson Class hours Active participants 1 Course introduction 2 T An entry test Ss Chapter 1. The simple sentence 1. Sentence introduction and classification 1.
Definition of a sentence 1. Classification of sentences 2 1. Syntactic features of sentence elements 2 Ss 1. Semantic functions of sentence elements 2 Ss 1.
Principle of concord 1. Types of concord 6 1. Sentence classification in terms of 2 Ss communicative functions T 1. Commands (Imperative sentences) T ix MID-COURSE TEST 8 Chapter 2.
Ellipsis and coordination 2 Ss 2. Definition of ellipsis 2. Classification of ellipsis 2. Definition of coordination T 2.
Classification of coordination 10 Chapter 3. The complex sentence 2 Ss 3. Coordination and subordination T 3. Similarities between coordination and subordination 3.
Differences between coordination and subordination 11 3. Dependent clauses 2 Ss 3. Definition of dependent clauses T 3. Classification of dependent clauses 12 3.
Nominal clauses 2 Ss 3. Definition of nominal clauses T 3. Classification of nominal clauses 13 3. Adverbial clauses 2 Ss 3.
Definition of adverbial clauses T 3. Classification of adverbial clauses 14 3. Relative clauses 2 Ss 3. Definition of adverbial clauses T 3.
Classification of adverbial clauses 3. Reducing relative clauses 15 REVIEW 2 Ss & T x 6. LEARNING METHODS - Flipped classroom: + Students enjoy the combination between physical class and online resources + Students view lessons at home and master materials at school in collaboration with their peers or instructor. - Active learning: + Students construct knowledge with all means of learning forms at an appropriate proportion as suggested in the learning pyramid below.
+ Students are provided authentic scholarly contents. ASSESSMENT PLAN Components Weighing Deliverables Attendance 20 % - Class work & homework Mid-course assessment 30 % - Written mid-course test Final course assessment 50 % - Oral examination 1 AN ENTRY TEST Time allowance: 50 minutes I. Label the underlined part with the given term in the box. a non-finte verb g.
a conjunction phrase phrase b. an operator phrase phrase (1) Maintaining good health doesn't happen (2) by accident. It requires work, smart lifestyle choices, (3) and the occasional checkup and test. (4) A healthy diet is rich in fiber, whole grains, fresh fruits and vegetables, "good" or unsaturated fats, and omega-3 fatty acids.
These dietary components turn down (5) inflammation, which can damage tissue, joints, artery walls, and organs. Going easy (6) on processed foods is another element of healthy eating. Sweets, foods made with (7) highly refined grains, and sugar-sweetened beverages (8) can cause spikes in blood sugar that can lead (9) to early hunger. High blood sugar is often linked to (10) the development of diabetes, obesity, heart disease, and even dementia.
The Mediterranean diet meets all of the criteria (11) for good health, and there is (12) convincing evidence that it is effective at warding off heart attack, stroke, and premature death. The diet (13) is rich in olive oil, fruits, vegetables, nuts and fish; low in red meats (14) or processed meats; and includes a moderate amount of cheese and wine. (Source: https://www.edu/topics/staying-healthy) 1. Match the sentence elements in the left column with its definition in the right column (7 points) 1.
is affected by the verb directly. (The girl kissed the flower. explains the object. (The boy made the girl smile.
often functions as the doer of the action indicated by the verb. (The girl kissed the flower. identifies the subject. (The girl is beautiful.
appears when there is a direct object, and is often the receiver of the action denoted by the verb. (The boy gave the girl a flower. adds more information to the verb or the whole sentence. (The girl kissed the flower in the garden.
clarifies the action or the status of the subject. (The girl kissed the flower. Label the underlined part as S, V, O, C, A. Money is not an end to happiness but a means to happiness.
Education can replace an empty mind with an open one. Life can treat you a big gift if you deserve it. We are in an open world today. You can make yourself happier if you know how to be pleased.
No one knows for sure what will happen tomorrow. Let’s think twice before you speak. Failures may teach you valuable lessons. EQ can be more valuable than IQ to succeed in the social life.
A modern student should prepare himself with the twenty-first century skills. Label the sentence structure as SV, SVC, SVA, SVO, SVOO, SVOA, SVOC. Money is not an end to happiness but a means to happiness. Education can replace an empty mind with an open one.
Life can treat you a big gift if you deserve it. We are in an open world today. You can make yourself happier if you know how to be pleased. Put yourself in my shoes then you can speak.
Let’s think twice before you speak. Failures may teach you valuable lessons. EQ can be more valuable than IQ to succeed in social life. THE SIMPLE SENTENCE OBJECTIVES At the end of the chapter, the students will be able to: - Define the concept of a sentence, including a simple sentence and its elements.
- Discuss the differences among sentence types in general. - Discuss the syntactic features and semantic functions of sentence elements. - Analyse the sentence elements. - Discuss concord among sentence elements.
- Evaluate the grammatical correctness of sentence elements. - Apply the knowledge of sentence elements and sentence types to build a grammatically correct sentence. (2014) Sentence Types and Functions. A Communicative Grammar of English.
A University of English Grammar. A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language. The 24 Rules of Concord. Retrieved from https://acadel.
Subject-verb agreement. Retrieved from http://guidetogrammar.org/grammar/sv_agr. Subject-verb agreement exercise & practice with explanation. Retrieve from https://www.net/practice/23/subject-verb-agreement- exercise-practice-with-explanation 8.