THAINGUYEN UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY --------------------------------- TRAN TRUNG DUNG TOPIC TITLE: ASSESSMENT OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL SITUATION OF PIG FARMING IN PHU THAI LIMITED COMPANY OF AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT - PHO YEN, THAI NGUYEN BACHELOR THESIS Study mode : Full time Major : Environmental Science and Management Faculty : International Training and Development Center Batch : 2011-2015 Thai Nguyen - 2015 i DOCUMENTATION PAGE WITH ABSTRACT Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry Degree Program Bachelor of Environmental Science and Management Student name TRAN TRUNG DUNG Student ID DTN1153180023 Thesis Title Assessment of the environmental situation of pig farming in Phu Thai limited company of agricultural development - Pho Yen, Thai Nguyen Supervisor (s) Dr. Nguyen Hung Quang Abstract: Factory Farms have become the norm concerning the way humans raise meat for their consumption. However, the transition from family farming practices to modern technological farming practices that has taken place within the last couple of centuries, has profound impacts, not only on the lives of the animals in these farms, but also on human beings and the environment. This research paper seeks to evaluate this transition with respect to its implications on pigs specifically, and also on humans and the environment.
Consequently, the research paper has been broken into three different parts, tackling the three core themes of the question. Sub‐divisions to each main point will be evaluated. The conclusion reached is that factory farming has adverse effects on the pigs, humans, and on the environment. A more humane approach towards raising animals for consumption and long‐term thinking concerning waste management needs to be considered, in order to prevent the current negative externalities in the future.
Key words: Waste treatment, solid waste, liquid waste, pig production, management, biogas. Number of pages: 65 pages Date of submission: 30/09/2015 Supervisor’s Signature: ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT In the process of implementing this research entitled: "Assessment of the environmental situation of pig farming in Phu Thai limited company of agricultural development - Pho Yen, Thai Nguyen" I got the guide and help, encouragement of the teachers and the students. I would like to express my sincere gratitude to the following: First and foremost, I wish to express sincere thanks to the Director Board of Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry, board of managers of International Training and Development Center and all the teachers have dedicated teaching, the scientific knowledge and the valuable experience for me during the training period, learning in school. In particular, I take this opportunity to express profound gratitude and deep regards to the supervisor Dr.
Nguyen Hung Quang, who guided me wholeheartedly, to advise, to impart knowledge and valuable experiences to help me during the study and completed thesis. Furthermore, I sincerely thanks to her uncle, elder brother and elder sister officers in Phu Thai Limited company of agricultural development during the implementation of this research at the agency and the whole households who have helped me during the investigation, interviewing, and collecting of data. Finally, I would like to express our gratitude to the family, relatives and friends who have helped me during the internship. Due to the short time, limited professional qualification and less experience the report may have inevitable mistakes.
I very much look forward to the valuable inputs and recommendation of teachers and friends to my thesis to become more perfect. Thank you very much! Thai Nguyen, 23/10/2015 Student Tran Trung Dung iii TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES. 1 LIST OF TABLES. 2 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS.
Urgency of the theme. Objectives of the study. The significance of the topics. Scientific basis of the subject.
The effect of raising the life and economy. The type of breeding in the world and Vietnam. Legal basis related. SUBJECTS, MATERIALS AND METHODS.
Object and scope of the study. Object of study. Scope of research. Methods of collecting and analyzing secondary data.2 Methods of collecting primary data.
Statistical methods, data processing and analysis, and synthesis of data. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. Natural conditions, socioeconomic in the region. Social and economic conditions.
Evaluation of the pig production in Phu Thai Limited company of Agricultural Development. The number of pigs in Phu Thai Limited company of Agricultural Development. The system type and scale pig breeding livestock. Feed, water for pigs on farms.
Disease Prevention at farm. The status of waste management measures in pig production applied in the company. Assessment of environmental quality in Phu Thai Limited company of Agricultural Development. The test results, analyze the air.
The test results, analyze water. The test results, analyze soil samples. Review social factors affecting environmental pollution. The awareness of farmers with environmental hygiene.
Perception of breeder for human health. Proposed measures to reduce environmental pollution. Measures Policy law. Communication and education measures.
Management measures, zoning. 58 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS. 62 vi LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Model of solid waste of animal husbandry management in the world.
Location of environmental sampling. Boundary map of the company. Path diagram of livestock waste. 46 1 LIST OF TABLES Table 1.
Number of pigs by regions of Vietnam. Number of Sows over the years. Production of pork through the years. Number of pig meat through the years.
Location of sampling. Method of Sampling. Measurement results microclimate. Measuring results, analyze the air in the production area.
Results of measuring and analyzing air surrounding area. Results of measuring, analyzing wastewater production. Results of measuring, analyzing groundwater. Results of measurement and analysis of surface water.
Results of measuring and analyzing soil samples. Calculation of emissions and determines biogas tank capacity. 56 2 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS Abbreviations Meaning BOD Biochemical Oxygen Demand COD Chemical Oxygen Demand DO Demand Oxygen FAO Food and Agriculture Organization IMPACT International Model for Policy Analysis of Agricultural Consumption QCVN Vietnam Regulation QCCP Regulations allow TCVN Vietnam standard UBND Committee QA Quality assurance QC Quality control UASB Upflow anearobic sludge blanket 3 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Urgency of the theme Vietnam is a country which has the high proportion development of agriculture, accounting for over 70% of gross domestic product (GDP). Previously, the cultivation of food crops contributed the majority of the agricultural sector in our country.
And now, the increase in food production from livestock also brings new advancements in agriculture. It has brought high economic efficiency, contribute to the restructuring of agriculture, from farming of livestock, and significant improvements in the economic life of the farmers. However, the development of livestock operations, poultry spontaneous rampant, massive in terms of farmers' lack of capital, lack of knowledge has increased pollution of the environment and impacts to public health. Especially for small livestock farmers in the lack of planning, especially in densely populated areas has caused environmental pollution worsened.
Environmental pollution caused by livestock, primarily from the source of solid waste, liquid waste, waste gas, dust, noise, identification of cattle and poultry died were buried, improper disposal techniques. For the livestock facility, the waste polluting the environment directly affects on human health, reduce resistance animals, increasing the incidence and costs of prevention and treatment, loss of productivity and economic efficiency. Resistance of livestock and poultry will decrease the risk of disease outbreaks. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), there are more than 50 infectious faced derived from animal and human feces.
Currently the rate of disease from 4 cattle, poultry is increasing in many countries around the world. If this problem is not solved will cause environmental pollution and serious impact, adversely affect public health, especially for those who live cattle and poultry. Vietnam is a country with agriculture that is growing strongly. Percentage of households with livestock barns and poultry grows more and more, the percentage of farms is increasing.
The animal waste pollution caused by microorganisms (infectious pathogens), can be a source of infectious diseases in the environment and the community, especially a disease capable of infecting people such as: swine flu, blue ear, foot and mouth, and diarrhea. If the cleaning procedures and safety were not handled properly. Pho Yen is one of the pig breeding areas of the Thai Nguyen province. The number of pigs growing entail increasing the amount of waste has become a hot about th environmental pollution caused by waste no untreated or treated and then released into the environment has caused adverse effects to water , well, the air and seriously affect the health of pig farming in particular and the surrounding residential general.
Starting from the fact that, the selection and implementation of the project "Assessment of the environmental situation of pig farming in Phu Thai Limited company of Agricultural Development - Pho Yen, Thai Nguyen" is necessary.2 Objectives of the study - Surveying the status of waste in pig farming are applied at the ranches. - Assess the level of pollution by livestock activities at the camp through environmental indicators. 5 - Proposed solutions to reduce environmental pollution in pig production in real conditions for companies.3 The significance of the topics - Scientific significance: The study will assess the current state of partial pig industry in Phu Thai Limited company of Agricultural Development - Pho Yen, Thai Nguyen. Subject to apply what they have learned into practice, contribute to improving understanding of the management and treatment of environmental pollution for livestock farms.
Also, research results also serve the academic and research work later. - Practical significance: To contribute to solving environmental problems in livestock, and propose solutions to improve the environmental landscape and enhance the environmental quality of life for the surrounding communities.1 Scientific basis of the subject 1. The effect of raising the life and economy 1. The role of the livestock sector On a world level, especially with Asian countries, farming is always an agricultural economic sectors important.
Currently worldwide, there are more than 600 million poor people, living on less than 1 dollar in the US/ day. To a certain extent they are based on family farming as a livelihood, half of them now live in Asia (Thornton et al, 2002). Besides the farmers, millions of jobs that appear alongside its value chain, in the service and supply of materials and in the chain of consumption, processing and retail. According to calculations from about 4 to 17 work outside the farm is incurred when we collected, processed and consumed 100 liters of milk, the number of employees depending on the number of products sold.
Features of Vietnam's agricultural production system that combines the most obvious is the intimate union between livestock and arable, of which cattle are used as draft power in farming, as well as pig and rice mutual support. We can see a long, manure is considered a valuable fertilizer in rice cultivation. Although pork is consuming a lot of rice, but in household production systems, this contradiction does not seem as serious as we think, perhaps in part because it was the rational use of feed resources the spot, the other part is due to rice yields may rise but still not reached the limit. One can see the obvious advantages of the livestock industry, such as the closed against cultivation, consistent with investment capacity and the technical level of the 7 household.
It also allows for better use of local varieties are characterized by low productivity, but well adapted to the ecological conditions. In farming communities, farming can be considered effective approach to poverty reduction. Through breeding, the low value products (such as cereals and its products) has become the animal protein products of high value. Livestock production pig meat production 70% for the year.
It is a traditional craft and has an important role in supplying meat (73-77%) for one day of living life of the people and for export.