VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY HANOI SCHOOL OF BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT ----------------o0o--------------- Lê Việt Hùng TOPIC: ANALYZE IMPACT OF AI ON STUDENT JOB OPPORTUNITIES AND EMPLOYER RISKS Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor in Marketing and Communication Honors Program Course: Instructor: TS. Hoàng Anh Tuấn Hà Nội 2024 VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY HANOI SCHOOL OF BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT ----------------o0o--------------- Lê Việt Hùng TOPIC: ANALYZE IMPACT OF AI ON STUDENT JOB OPPORTUNITIES AND EMPLOYER RISKS Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor in Marketing and Communication Honors Program Course: Instructor: TS. Hoàng Anh Tuấn Hà Nội, 2024 1 TABLE OF CONTENT TABLE OF CONTENT. 2 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS.
4 LIST OF FIGURES. 5 LIST OF TABLE. 7 Integration of AI in business globally and in Vietnam. 11 CHAPTER 1: LITERATURE REVIEW.1 Research trends in AI in business, recruitment especially for genZ .3 Research in Vietnam .6 Integration of Ai enhances job prospects .7 Integration of AI tools increases recruitment and training challenges for employers.8 Sentiment Analysis Systems Affects Employee Retention .9 Research hypothesis and Research models .3 Scale design and Questionnaire.
RESEARCH RESULTS AND EVALUATION .1 Research Sample Information .2 Evaluation of Measurement Scales .1 Reliability Analysis of the Scale through Cronbach's Alpha Coefficient 32 3.2 Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) .3 Model Adjustment and Research Hypotheses .1 Testing the Model Fit .2 Linear Regression Analysis.3 Pearson Correlation Coefficient Analysis .4 Formal Model Adjustment and Hypothesis Testing. 47 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY. 52 APPENDIX 63 3 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS 1. HSB: HaNoi School of Business and Management 2.
VNU: Viet Nam National University 3. EFA: Exploratory Factor Analysis 4. KMO: Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin 5. AI: Artificial Intelligence 6.
NLP: Natural Language Processing 7. ILO: International Labour Organization 8. SMEs: Small and Medium-sized Enterprises 9. SPSS: Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 10.
HR: Human Resources 11. df: Degrees of Freedom 12. R&D: Research and Development. 4 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Hypothesis.
23 Figure 2: Gender Distribution Percentage. 30 Figure 3: Age Distribution Percentage. 31 Figure 4: Job Distribution Percentage. 31 Figure 5: Percentage Distribution of Job Positions.
32 5 LIST OF TABLE Table 1: Questionnaire H1. 27 Table 4: Questionnaire Dependent variable. 33 Table 6: Unrotated Factor Matrix of the Dependent Variable. 34 Table 7: Results of regression coefficient analysis.
36 Table 8: Hypothesis Testing. 38 6 INTRODUCTION According to a report from Grand View Research, the global AI market size was valued at $196.63 billion in 2023 and is expected to grow at a compound annual growth rate of 37.1 A report from MarketsandMarkets also mentioned that the global AI market will increase from $150.2 billion in 2023 to $1345.2 billion by 2030 with an annual growth rate of 36.8% during the same period.2 The World Economic Forum's Future of Jobs Report 2023 predicted that nearly a quarter of all jobs globally will change within the next five years, with AI expected to create 69 million new jobs while eliminating 83 million, a shift that underscores AI's transformative impact on the labor market.3 This growth reflects the increasingly widespread adoption of AI across various business functions and the growing demand for AI expertise in the job market. In Vietnam, AI is gradually changing the way of working and has the potential to create significant shifts in the labor market. According to recent research from Microsoft and VnMedia, workers in Vietnam are facing pressure from the burden of digital data, with 76% of workers feeling that they do not have enough time and energy to complete their work.4 Although there are concerns about AI replacing jobs, a large number of Vietnamese workers (90%) wish to delegate as much work as possible to AI to reduce their workload.
This indicates an increasing acceptance of using AI in work not only for administrative tasks but also for analysis and creativity.5 However, the impact of AI on the Vietnamese labor market is not solely positive. Forecasts indicate that by 2028, about 7.5 million people will lose their jobs or have to change their occupations, accounting for 13.8% of the workforce, with the majority of the impact on monotonous and low-productivity jobs primarily in the agricultural sector. This raises an urgent need for workforce retraining, especially as Vietnam is 1 Grand View Research. Artificial Intelligence Market Size & Trends Growth Analysis Forecast [2030].
Retrieved from https://www. Global AI Market Report. Retrieved from https://www.com ↩ 3 The World Economic Forum. The Future of Jobs Report 2023.
Retrieved from https://www.org/reports/the-future-of-jobs-report-2023 ↩ 4 Microsoft & VnMedia. Nghiên cứu mới về tác động của AI đến cách làm việc tại Việt Nam. Retrieved from https://www.vn ↩ ↩2 5 International Labour Organization. Tác động của AI (Artificial Intelligence) đến thị trường lao động Việt Nam trong 9 năm tới.
Retrieved from https://www.org ↩ 7 considered one of the countries most affected by the Fourth Industrial Revolution (Industry 4.0) according to the International Labour Organization (ILO).6 The information above proves that AI is bringing both positive and negative changes to the employment environment in Vietnam as well as worldwide. Therefore, the question arises: how will students face this transition when leaving the academic environment and entering the job market? On the other hand, employers also have to face the risks from this shift. The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in businesses globally is a significant trend that is reshaping various industries. AI adoption is driven by factors such as the need for competitive advantage, improved efficiency, and enhanced decision-making processes (Huang, 2024).
Organizations across different sectors are increasingly recognizing the potential benefits of AI technologies, which can provide a competitive edge and lead to improved performance management (Lee & Tajudeen, 2020; Singh, 2021). Despite the potential advantages, the adoption of AI presents challenges related to cultural change, leadership, acquiring new skills, and adapting business processes (Rožman et al. AI adoption is not limited to large enterprises but is also crucial for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to enhance competitiveness and efficiency (Lutfi, 2022; Garrel & Jahn, 2021). The implementation of AI technologies in SMEs can focus on improving internal processes and effectiveness, ultimately contributing to their competitiveness in global markets (Garrel & Jahn, 2021).
Moreover, AI adoption in enterprises is essential for staying sustainable in today's dynamic business environment (Lee & Tajudeen, 2020). Leadership plays a crucial role in maximizing the benefits of AI implementation within organizations. Change of leadership can moderate the impact of AI on employee performance and work engagement, highlighting the importance of effective leadership in driving successful AI integration (Wijayati et al. Additionally, the role of leaders in changing the enterprise culture, acquiring new knowledge, and skills is vital 8 for overcoming the challenges associated with AI implementation (Rožman et al.
In conclusion, the integration of AI in businesses globally offers significant opportunities for improving efficiency, competitiveness, and decision-making processes. While AI adoption presents challenges related to cultural change and leadership, organizations can leverage AI technologies to drive innovation, enhance performance management, and gain a competitive edge in the evolving business landscape. The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in businesses globally is a transformative trend that is reshaping various industries. Reports from reputable sources such as Deloitte, PwC, and the World Economic Forum (WEF) highlight the significant impact of AI adoption on organizational performance and competitiveness (Prasanth et al.
These reports emphasize that AI technologies have the potential to drive organizational success, shape future business practices, and create disruptive innovation through new business models and processes (Lee et al. Furthermore, secondary data from reports by Deloitte, PwC, and Coursera underscore the importance of organizational readiness for successful AI integration. These reports stress the need for careful consideration of factors such as needs assessment, stakeholder engagement, technology-organization alignment, and financial planning to ensure the effective integration of AI and avoid costly failures (Alami et al., 2020; "Roadmap for Risk Management Integration Using AI", 2022; Chatterjee et al. Additionally, the reports highlight the role of leadership in driving AI implementation and maximizing the benefits of AI technologies within organizations (Kapoor & Ghosal, 2022; Jaiswal et al.
Moreover, insights from reports by Deloitte, PwC, and Coursera emphasize the potential of AI to enhance decision-making processes, improve operational efficiency, and drive business value creation (Attri, 2024; Cao, 2021; Gudigantala et al. These reports suggest that AI integration can lead to significant performance gains, competitive advantages, and economic impacts for organizations globally (Attri, 2024; Cao, 2021; Gudigantala et al. 9 In conclusion, the integration of AI in businesses globally, as supported by reports from reputable sources, offers immense opportunities for organizations to enhance competitiveness, drive innovation, and improve performance. By carefully considering organizational readiness, aligning technology with business objectives, and leveraging AI for decision-making, businesses can harness the full potential of AI technologies to thrive in the evolving business landscape.
Integration of AI in business globally and in Vietnam The incorporation of artificial intelligence (AI) in businesses in Vietnam is a subject of increasing interest and significance. While AI technology has the potential to transform various industries, its implementation in Vietnam presents distinct challenges and opportunities. Reports by Vuong et al. (2019) underscore the necessity of assessing AI readiness in the Vietnamese context, particularly in sectors like healthcare.
Public perception and expectations regarding AI can significantly influence the shift towards an AI-driven healthcare sector. This underscores the importance of effective communication and expectation management to facilitate the adoption of AI technologies in Vietnam. Additionally, the research by Chao et al. (2021) illuminates the current status of AI technology in Vietnam, indicating that the country is in an early stage due to a lack of skilled professionals and businesses' hesitance to embrace AI applications.
This highlights the importance of addressing skill gaps and cultivating a culture of AI adoption to capitalize on the advantages of AI in Vietnamese businesses. Moreover, the "National Strategy on Research, Development (R&D), and Application of AI" outlined by Artzt & Dung (2022) showcases Vietnam's dedication to advancing AI technologies until 2030. The objective is to position Vietnam among the top countries in the ASEAN region and globally in AI research and application. This strategic vision reflects Vietnam's ambition to utilize AI for economic growth and innovation.
In conclusion, the integration of AI in businesses in Vietnam presents both challenges and opportunities. Addressing public perceptions, skill shortages, and fostering a supportive ecosystem for AI adoption are crucial steps to unlock the full 10 potential of AI technologies in Vietnam and drive economic development and competitiveness. Research Questions The literature review aims to answer the following research questions: RQ1: How does the integration of generative AI impact job prospects and skill demands for students entering sectors deeply influenced by this technology? RQ2: What are the challenges that employers encounter when incorporating generative AI into their workforce, and in what ways does it shape their hiring and training policies? Research Scope The scope of this research is focused on analyzing the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on employee job opportunities and associated employer risks. Specifically, the research examines how the integration of AI technologies influences recruitment processes, candidate assessments, and employee retention strategies from the perspective of employees.
The study includes the following dimensions: Recruitment Opportunities: Investigating how generative AI enhances the efficiency and effectiveness of recruitment processes, improving job prospects for employees, especially those belonging to Generation Z. Candidate Assessment: Evaluating the role of Natural Language Processing (NLP) AI in refining candidate assessments, ensuring accurate and unbiased evaluations, and improving the overall hiring process. Employee Retention: Exploring the influence of sentiment analysis systems powered by AI on employee retention. The study focuses on how these systems can provide insights into employee satisfaction and engagement, helping employers devise strategies to improve retention rates.
Research Objective The primary objective of this research is to provide a comprehensive understanding of how AI technologies impact employee job opportunities and retention, while also identifying the challenges and risks faced by employers.
