VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOT UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST - GRADUATE STUDIES aaranee Pools, --—---- NGUYEN THI HIEN A STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF THE COMMUNICATIVE APPROACH TO GRAMMAR TEACTIING ON STUDENTS’ INTEREST AT TITRE INSTITUTE OF FORFIGN LANGUAGES- HANOT UNTVERSITY OF AGRICTLTURE (NGHIÊN CỨU TÁC ĐỘNG CỦA ĐƯỜNG HƯỚNG GIÁO TIẾP FRONG VIỆC DẠY NGỮ THÁP TIENG ANTI TOT SU WONG THU CUA SINIT VTEN TẠI TRUNG TÂM NGOẠI NGỮ- ĐẠI HỌC NÔNG NHGIEP HA NOD Field : English Teaching Methodology Code : 601410 HANOL- 2011 VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOT UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST - GRADUATE STUDIES ales - NGUYEN THI HIEN A STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF THE COMMUNICATIVE APPROACH TO GRAMMAR TEACTIING ON STUDENTS’ INTEREST AT TITE INSTITUTE OF FORFIGN LANGUAGES- HANOT UNTVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE (NGHIÊN CỨU TÁC ĐỘNG CỦA ĐƯỜNG HƯỚNG GIÁO TIẾP FRONG VIỆC DẠY NGỮ THÁP TIẾNG ANH TỚI SỰ HỨNG THỦ TỦA SINII VIÊN TẠI TRUNG TÂM NGOẠI NGỮ- ĐẠI HỌC NÔNG NHGIEP HA NOD MLA MINOR TH Field : English Teaching Methodology Code : 601410 Superviser ‘in Hién Lan, M.A IIANOI—2011 ili TABLE OF CONTENTS PART A: INTRODUCTION 1 Rationale I. Aims of the study LL. Research questions TV. Scope of the study V.
Methods of the study VIL. Design of the study PART B: DEVELOPMENT CHAPTER 1: LITERATURE REVIEW 1. An overview on Ianguage teaching methods In Teaching grammar LL1. The Grammar Translation Method with teaching grammar 1.
The Audio — lingual Method with teaching grammar 2. Communicative language teaching (CL) in teaching grammar 1.1, An overview of communicative language teaching (CLT) 1. Characteristics of CLT 12. Status of Grammar in CLT 12.4, Teaching grammar in the light of CLT 13.
Concept of students’ interest 1. Factors affecting students’ interest in the class 1.4, The impact of CLT to grammar teaching on students’ interest 1.1, Grammar teaching techniques in CLT 1-3. Teachers’ persormal qualities and characlers CHAPTER 2: METHODOLOGY ILL. Setting of the study IL.
Methods and Procedures 11. Survey Instruments sametimes acceptable, good grammar makes one’s speech better and more attractive, especially in formal situations, Referring to the importance of grammar teaching, ‘To sum up, the rationale for teaching grammar is multifaceted and grammar is acknowledged to be of importance in language study in general and in language teaching and Yearning in particular 1.24 Teaching grammar in the light of CLT. To date, teachers of English as a Second Language (ESL) are still confronted with the emcial issue of choosing the best approach to improve their students' grammatical accuracy. It cannot be denied that there las been a lot of progress in English language teaching since the inlroduction of Communicative Language Tsaching (CIT).
Obviously, applying CLT to pramumat teaching is necessary in order to deal with the disadvantages of Grammar Translation method when being used to teach grammar such as the leamers’ inappropriate utterances and passive leaming style, Nunan (1991) in the section “Focus on form: the role of grammar” discusses the place of grammar in the recent language teaching. Whilc grammar played a dominant role in traditional classroom, it was just of marginal importance in earlier communicative classrooms, which drow merdly on meaning valhor than form. Unlike in traditional approaches, where grammatical mastery was ultimate learning objective, grammar now is important but just as a means to the end and hence, is always put into context and Tearned far the sakes of sacial funetions. Communicative language classroomns, which foeus on both form and meaning, truly retlect the view of leaming grammar as both processes and products.
There ar two main approaches to leach grammar, Those are the deductive and inductive approach. In deductive approach, the teachers give the rules and then students give examples. In contrast, an inductive approach is when the rule is inferred through some forms of guided discov y. Tho teacher gives cxampte and asks the students to find out the rules from themselves.
A deductive approach offen fits into a lesson structure known as PPP (Presentation — Practice — Production). And PPP approach is a common one to communicative Tanguage teaching that works through progression of threc scquontial stages, L 3. Data analysis and findings 11. Interview CHAPTER 3: RECOMMENDATIONS IIL.
Recommendations for Teaching JIL2. Suggested communicative Activities for a Grammar lesson 11. Using games and problom-solving activitics 11. Telling stories PART C: CONCLUSION 1.
Summary of the study 2. Limitations of the study 3. Recommendations for further study REFERENCES APPENDIXES: ke PART B: DEVELOPMENT CHAPTER I: LITERATURE REVIEW. An overview on language teaching methods in teaching grammar 111, The Grammar — Translation method (GIM) in teaching grammar The Grammar-Translation method dominated from the Jat 19% century to the carly 20 century and although it has been generally acknowledged as the least effective teaching methodology, the method is still widely used in many countries including Viemam.
Obviously, the best point of this method is that it helps Ieaners become good translators and usc English accurately. in addition, it requires few recourses and it is also easy to apply and cheap to administer. That is why the method is still uscd in many classrooms where there is # great shortage of teaching and learning facilities and equpment aids, where the class is large of about 30 students, and where the teachers’ adequate speaking skill are accustomed to teaching procedures and where the exams still emphasize knowledge of grammar. Nevertheless, the biggest disadvantage of this method is the leamers find it difficult to communicate in real-life situations, or their utterances are correct but inappropriate.
This is the rasull of the process of Feaming form and usage, bul nol nse, and learning about the lmguage, not using the Fanguage to leam through authentic tasks. Furthermore, this method makes the leamers really passive in the process of getting knowledge. They just listen to the teacher's explanation and do not participate in the exploration of new knows 11.2, The Andio— Lingual Method. ‘The Audio — Lingual Method was derived from “ Army Method” during the World War TT where there was a necil for people to loam forcign languages quickly for military purposes, It later developed into the so called Audio Lingual method, which then has had considerable influence on Linglish language teachang all over the world.
‘’his method puts tista wg and speaking in the firsl place. Tt uscs senlenee paltern as the hase of teaching and tries to avoid mother tongue as in class. Attentionis paid to the need for mechanical practice rather than explanation about the language because the ability to use the language as a means of communication is the mastery of the linguistic system of the targct language. Communicative language teaching (CLT) in teaching grammar 1 1.
Data analysis and findings 11. Interview CHAPTER 3: RECOMMENDATIONS IIL. Recommendations for Teaching JIL2. Suggested communicative Activities for a Grammar lesson 11.
Using games and problom-solving activitics 11. Telling stories PART C: CONCLUSION 1. Summary of the study 2. Limitations of the study 3.
Recommendations for further study REFERENCES APPENDIXES: 1. Concept of students’ interest Ellis (1994) (cited in Keller, 1984) states that interest is one of the main elements of motivation and a positive response to stimulate based on existing cognitive structures in such a way that leamers” curiosity is aroused and sustained. In other words, inierest shows learners” desire ta learn the Largel language. Tt ean be seen thal students who are given opportunities for communication will be interested in the lesson.2 Factors affecting students’ interestin the class.
- Students’ learning style Students’ learning style is one of the factors we should take into consideration to see the particular approach by which students try Io learn, According 1o Keefe (1979-4), learning style can be seen as cognitive, affective and physiological features that ate relatively stable indieators of how leamers perceive, interact with and respond to the leaming environment. Major factors conditioning the ways leamers think and study are the educational system, the socio-cultural background and personality variables - Students’ motivation Motivation is popularly considered to play a very important role in learning. In Jeremy Harmer’s view (1991) “Motivation iy some kind of internal drive that encourages somebody to (pursue a course of action”. L4, The impact of CLT on students’ Interest in grammar learning, CLT appearing between the 1960s and 1970s marks the beginning of major innovation within language teaching and it has been widely accepted nowadays because of its superior principles.
Obviously, grammar plays an important role in FLT beeause learners carmol communicate effectively without grammar. Furthermore, the understanding of grammar helps us build up confidence in using the target language and encourages us to use the language accuratcly and appropriately. Granmaris an intogral part of language, so (he more we cam find out about how erammar is leamed and used, the more effectively we will teach it, In fact, there have been many researches on grammar as well as grammar teaching. The problem here is that how to teach grammar and which approach to grammar is appropriate.
Nowadays, CLT, with its foundation and on recent achievements in the field of linguistic and psychology, has been considered to be the most effective approach to grammar teaching. Grammar teaching techniques in CLT It is obvious that different techniques create different degree of students’ participation and interest in the lesson. For example, techniques which focus ơn grammatical and phonological ike choral repetition, drilling substitution, content explanation will result in leamers’ passiveness and limit their participation in leaming. In contrast, the techniques that invelve students in communicative activitics such as role-play, games, problem-solving, pait and group work, discussion etc can encourage students to participate in the lesson.
Teachers’ personal qualities and characters. Teachers are considered as a significant source of intrinsic motivation. A teacher’s personality matters a lot because if it matches learners’ expectations, it helps build the leaming environment with good relationship between teacher and leamers, one which may increase Icaming motivation. in addition, in order to get students involved in the Jesson, teachers should be ones that studerts trast and respect.
Barry (1993) points oul sorse charactoristies a teacher should have as follows; being natural, being warm and being tolerant. In this literature review, the writer has presented different basic issues relating to some methods of teaching grammar which serves as the theoretical framework for the study, Different grammar teaching methods such as Grammar-Translation method, Audio-lingual method have been reviewed to find out advantages and disadvantages of each method. ‘The author also has a bricf look af CLT, its characleristies, the status of grammar in CLT as wall as the teaching of it in the light of CLT. To serve the study, at the same time, the writer has paid attention to the concept of students’ interest.
factors affecting students’ interest in class as well as the impacl of CLT ta students’ intorest in grammar learning. In the next chapier, the writer reports the study for the answer to the proposed research questions, CHAPTER TI: METTHIONOLOGY ke PART B: DEVELOPMENT CHAPTER I: LITERATURE REVIEW. An overview on language teaching methods in teaching grammar 111, The Grammar — Translation method (GIM) in teaching grammar The Grammar-Translation method dominated from the Jat 19% century to the carly 20 century and although it has been generally acknowledged as the least effective teaching methodology, the method is still widely used in many countries including Viemam. Obviously, the best point of this method is that it helps Ieaners become good translators and usc English accurately.
in addition, it requires few recourses and it is also easy to apply and cheap to administer. That is why the method is still uscd in many classrooms where there is # great shortage of teaching and learning facilities and equpment aids, where the class is large of about 30 students, and where the teachers’ adequate speaking skill are accustomed to teaching procedures and where the exams still emphasize knowledge of grammar.