MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING THE STATE BANK OF VIETNAM HO CHI MINH UNIVERSITY OF BANKING NGUYEN NGOC TAM AN THE IMPACT OF MACROECONOMIC FACTORS ON SHARE PRICE INDEX IN VIETNAM GRADUATION THESIS Major: Finance - Banking Number code: 7 34 02 01 HO CHI MINH, 2024 i MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING THE STATE BANK OF VIETNAM HO CHI MINH UNIVERSITY OF BANKING Full name: NGUYEN NGOC TAM AN Student code: 030136200004 Class: DH36TC06 THE IMPACT OF MACROECONOMIC FACTORS ON SHARE PRICE INDEX IN VIETNAM GRADUATION THESIS Major: Finance - Banking Number code: 7 34 02 01 SUPERVISOR Ph.D DU THI LAN QUYNH HO CHI MINH, 2024 ii ABSTRACT 1. Tittle The impact of macroeconomic factors on share price index in Vietnam 1. Abstract The topic related to the stock market always attracts a lot of researchers and policymakers, especially policy planners. The stock market not only plays a crucial role in attracting capital for the economy but also serves as an investment channel for individual and institutional investors seeking profits.
However, stock price fluctuations pose many challenges for policymakers and investment decisions in the stock market. Therefore, the thesis focuses on assessing the impact of macroeconomic factors on share price index in Vietnam through variables such as exchange rate (EX), money supply (M2), interest rate (IR), inflation (CPI) and industrial production index (IIP), from there proposing recommendations to motivate stock price index, help policy marker and investors can make the right decisions. This thesis used the Autoregressive Distributed Lag model (ARDL) to investigate the impact of macroeconomic variables on the VN- Index in both the short and long terms. The model makes use of the secondary data which collected from January 2008 to December 2022 (180 obvious) by FiinPro, Investing.com and IMF.
In addition, the research model is made based on research of Huyen (2019), Shrestha & Lamichhane (2021), Tuan Dao et al. The research results show that in the long run exchange rate (EX) have negative effects on the VN-Index; M2 money supply and industrial production index have positive impact on the VN-Index. In the short term, industrial production index has a negative impact on the VN-Index. However, inflation and interest rates do not affect the VN-Index in either the short or long term.
iii PLEDGE This thesis “THE IMPACT OF MACROECONOMIC FACTORS ON SHARE PRICE INDEX IN VIETNAM” is my article and there are no copies from This thesis is the author's independent research work, and the research results are honest and original, with no previously published content or content performed by others, except for properly cited references within the thesis. Author Nguyen Ngoc Tam An iv ADKNOWLEDGEMENTS First of all, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to the Banking University of Ho Chi Minh City and the team of lecturers who have dedicatedly provided guidance, assistance, and created conditions for me to develop and learn more, which has greatly contributed to the completion of this thesis. Special thanks are extended to Ph.D Du Thi Lan Quynh, my thesis supervisor, for her valuable guidance, support, and constant assistance throughout the research process, leading to the completion of this thesis. Although I have put in a lot of effort during the process of completing this thesis, there may still be limitations and errors due to my limited knowledge.
Therefore, I sincerely hope to receive understanding, guidance, and constructive feedback from scholars and esteemed teachers to further strengthen my knowledge and experience from this thesis. Once again, I would like to express my heartfelt appreciation. Author Nguyen Ngoc Tam An v TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT. 4 LIST OF ACRONYMS.
8 LIST OF TABLES. 9 LIST OF DIAGRAMS. 9 LIST OF FIGURES. The urgency of the subject.
Subjects and scope of research. Subjects of research:. Scope of research:. Contribution of the thesis.
Layout of the thesis. 14 CONCLUTION OF CHAPTER 1. 16 vi CHAPTER 2: THEORETICAL BASES AND EMPIRICAL STUDIES. Theoretical basis related to the stock price index.
The concept of the stock market. The concept of stock price index. Vietnam’s stock market Index (VN-Index). The macroeconomic factors that influence share price index.
Index of industrial production. Overview of empirical studies. 26 CONCLUTION OF CHAPTER 2. 30 CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY.
Descriptive statistical analysis. Unit Root Testing. 40 CONCLUTION OF CHAPTER 3. 41 CHAPTER 4: RESULT AND DISCUSSION.
Overview of the stock market and macroeconomic in the period 2008 - 2022. Resulting and testing research. Descriptive statistical analysis. Unit Root Test.
Bound test and the co-integrating relationship. The results of estimating the long-run and short-run coefficients. Testing the stability of the model. Discussing result of research.
52 CONCLUTION OF CHAPTER 4. 57 CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION. Limitations of the study and directions for development. Limitations of the study.
Directions for future study development. 62 CONCLUTION OF CHAPTER 5. 72 viii LIST OF ACRONYMS Acronyms Meaning ADF Augmented Dickey-Fuller AIC Akaike Information Criterion ARDL Autoregressive Distributed Lag APT Arbitrage Pricing Theory CAPM Capital Asset Pricing Model CPI Consumer Price Index CUSUM Cumulative Sum ECM Error Correction Model EMH Efficient Market Hypothesis EX Exchange Rate FDI Foreign Direct Investment FMOLS Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares GSO General Statistics Office GDP Gross Domestic Product HOSE Ho Chi Minh City Stock Exchange IR Interest rate IIP Index of industrial production IMF International Monetary Fund OTC Over The Counter OLS Ordinary Least Squares PP Phillips-Perron SBC Schwartz's Bayesian Criterion SEATS Signal Extraction in ARIMA Time Series TRAMO Time series Regression with ARIMA noise, Missing values and Outliers ix LIST OF TABLES Table 2. Overview of empirical studies.
Summarizing the expectations of the variables in the research model. Statistical analysis describes the variables in the model 46 Table 4. Unit Root Test. ARDL Long Run Form.
ECM Short Run Form. Summarizes the conclusions. 56 LIST OF DIAGRAMS Diagram 3. 31 Diagram 3 2: Research model.
33 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 4. Macroeconomic and VN-Index developments in 2008 .Macroeconomic and VN-Index developments in period 2011-2013 43 Figure 4. Macroeconomic and VN-Index developments in period 2019-2022. Testing the stability of the model (CUSUM Test).
Rationale Based on economic theory, net earnings generally indicate the extent of economic activity, while stock prices are expected to mirror forecasts for forthcoming corporate performance (Agwu & Haydar, 2023). If stock prices accurately mirror the underlying fundamentals, they serve as reliable leading indicators of future economic activity. For a country, the financial market holds a significant role in attracting and mobilizing both domestic and foreign financial resources. It serves as a platform for encouraging saving and investment, thereby fostering economic growth and enhancing the efficiency of financial utilization (Shubber & Nguyen, 2018).
Established in 2000, Vietnam’s stock market has now experienced more than two decades of operation and is growing day by day. The most visible proof is rising number of individual investors actively participating. This trend is evident in the continuous record-breaking numbers of new accounts opened each year. After the period of strong growth in the stock price in Vietnam in 2021, a state of disequilibrium began to appear, the share price index continued to fall throughout 2022, investor psychology fell into crisis, especially when there is more and more negative information about macroeconomic factors such as falling interest rates, high inflation, decline in world oil prices due to the impact of the Russia-Ukraine war, etc.
Abrupt changes in macroeconomic variables have caused significant impacts on investor psychology and also disturbed the world stock market in general and the Vietnamese stock market in particular. This correlation between economic indicators and stock returns has been extensively studied by numerous academics, professionals, and analysts over the past few decades. Throughout different periods, the effects of macroeconomic factors on the financial markets have been investigated and obtained different results (Kaplan et al. One of the primary benefits of studying macroeconomic factor’s impact on share price index is to make smart investment decisions.
The stock market is not merely a platform for buying and selling stocks and bonds but also serves as a 11 reflection of economic conditions and prospects for companies or entire nations. By gaining a deeper understanding of how macroeconomic factors such as GDP growth, inflation, interest rates, exchange rates, … can affect the value of financial assets, investors can optimize profits and mitigate risks in their investment decisions. However, it's essential to acknowledge that researching these macroeconomic factors is not without its challenges. The complexity and unpredictability of macroeconomic relationships, coupled with the uncertainty and volatility of the stock market, pose significant challenges for researchers.
Nevertheless, the importance of understanding these macroeconomic factors cannot be overstated, and research in this area remains a crucial part of the finance and economics fields. In conclusion, studying the macroeconomic factors influencing the share price index brings numerous significant benefits to investors, policymakers, and the global financial system. It's an area of immense potential and increasing interest within the finance and economics research community. The urgency of the subject Macroeconomic variables serve as key indicators that help assess the development stage or potential recessionary conditions within a country.
These variables offer a comprehensive overview of economic performance and is one of the indicators that stakeholders can rely on to make decisions. For instance, indicators like Gross Domestic Product (GDP), inflation rates, climate change,. provide essential data points for analysts, policymakers, and investors to gauge the economic growth, stability, and sustainability within a nation. When studying these macroeconomic variables, one can gain a clearer understanding of the current economic situation and make informed predictions about future trends.
Vietnam is currently one of the developing countries and the stock market is gradually attracting the attention of many investors. The stock market is one of the important markets of our country's economy, it helps mobilize investment capital, create an investment environment, create liquidity for stocks, evaluate business performance and create an environment to help the Government implement appropriate 12 policies (Duy & Hau, 2017). So, understanding the relationship between macroeconomic indicators and stock market not only help investors seeking to make informed decisions but also policymakers formulating effective economic strategies, and businesses to develop business activities. So far, numerous research articles have been dedicated to this subject such as Shubber & Nguyen (2018); Trung (2022); Tuan Dao et al.
However, macroeconomic and market factors exhibit continuous fluctuations, throughout different periods, the effects of macroeconomic factors on the financial markets have been investigated and obtained different results Kaplan et al. Therefore, to clarify the impact of variables, I chose the topic “The impact of macroeconomic factors on share price index in Vietnam” to study the impact of Consumer Price Index, Interest rate, Inflation, M2 money supply, Index of Industrial Production and Exchange rate on HOSE (stand for share price index in Vietnam) in the period 2008 – 2022, thereby making new proposals to improve the efficiency of the stock market and macro policy. General objectives: The overall purpose of this study shows which macroeconomic factors impact and how it impacts on Vietnamese share prices, thereby providing suggestions to help the stock market develop through controlling macro factors. Specific Objectives: Base on overall purpose, detail objectives of topic are implemented such as: Identify the macroeconomic factors effect to VN-Index.
Measure the level of influence of factors affecting the VN-Index Proposed solutions to help the policy marker and investors can make the right decisions. Research questions What macroeconomic factors impact on VN-Index during the period 2008 – 13 2022? How direction do the factors in the research model impact the VN-Index? What policy implications does the author propose to improve the stock market situation? 1. Subjects and scope of research 1. Subjects of research: The subject of this research is macroeconomic factors impact on share price index in Vietnam.