ĐỌC HIẾU TIÊNG ANH ON THIVAO Lop 10 PHAN ĐỌC HIẾU FAMILY LIFE IN THE UNITED STATES Family life in the United States is changing. Fifty or sixty years ago, the wife was called a “housewife”. She cleaned, cooked, and cared for the children. The husband eared the money for the family.
He was usually out working all day. He came home tired in the evening, so he did not do much housework. And he did not see the children very much, ‘except on weekends. These days, however, more and more women work outside the home.
They cannot stay with the children all day. They, too, come home tired in the evening. They do not want to spend the evening cooking dinner and cleaning up. They do not have time to clean the house and do the laundry.
So who is going to do the housework now? Who is going to take care of the children? Many families solve the problem of housework by sharing it. In these families, the husband and wife agree to do different jobs around the house, or they take turns doing each job. For example, the husband always cooks dinner and the wife always does the laundry. Or the wife cooks dinner on some nights and the husband cooks dinner on other nights.
Then there is the question of the children. In the past, many families got help with child care from grandparents. Now families usually do not live near their relatives. The grandparents are often too far away to help in a regular way.
More often, parents have to pay for child care help. The help may be a babysitter or a day-care center. The problem with t his kind of help is the high cost. It is possible only for couples with jobs that pay well.
Parents may get another kind of help form the companies they work for. Many ‘companies now let people with children work part-time. That way, parents can spend more time with their children. Some husbands may even stop working for a while to stay with the children.
For these men there is a new word. they are called "househusbands”. In the USA more and more men are becoming househusbands every year. ‘These changes in the home mean changes in the family.
Fathers can learn to understand their children better, and the children can get to know their fathers better. Husbands and wives may also find changes in their marriage. They, too, may have a better understanding of each other. Question 1: Sixty years ago, most women 1.
went out to work B. had no children 2. did not do much housework D. were housewives Question 2: Nowadays, there are, more women going out to work than before more and more women staying with the children all day ø me more work outside the home than before 4.
more housewives than before Question 3: The word “laundry” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to, 1. cooking and washing up 2. washing and ironing D. Shopping Question 4: It can be inferred from paragraph 4 that, 1.
couples with low-paid jobs can't afford the cost of a babysitter or a day-care center 2. grandparents can help care the children in a regular way 3. all couples with jobs can pay for help from a babysitter or a day-care center 4. in the past, grandparents did not help the couples with child care Question 5: The word ‘they’ in paragraph 5 refers to 1.
husbands who stop working to stay with the children 2. fathers who spend more time with their children 3. parents who work part-time 4. children who spend more time with fathers than Question 6: The changes in the American home mentioned in this passage may 1.
cause problems for a marriage D. not change the children at all Question 7: This article is about 1. American men as househusbands B. housewives in America 2.
how more American women are working D. how family life in America is changing Question 8: What does the companies in USA do to help parents? 1. Pay them more. pay for hiring babysitter.
allow parents to work less than the usual. help them to bring up their children. The nuclear family, consisting of a mother, father, and their children, may be more an American ideal than an American reality. Of course, the so-called traditional American family was always more varied than we had been led to believe, reflecting the very different racial, ethnic, class, and religious customs among different American groups.
The most recent government statistics reveal that only about one third of all current American families fit the traditional mold and another third consists of married couples who either have no children or have none still living at home. Of the final one third, about 20 percent of the total number of American households are single people, usually women over sixty-five years of age. A small percentage, about 3 percent of the total, consists of unmarried people who choose to live together; and the rest, about 7 percent are single, usually divorced parents, with at least one child. Today, these varied family types are typical, and therefore, normal.
Apparently, many Americans are achieving supportive relationships in family forms other than the traditional one. Question 9: With what topic is the passage mainly concerned? 1. The traditional American family B. The nuclear family 2.
The current American family D. The ideal family Question 10: The writer implies that, 1. there have always been a wide variety of family arrangement in the United States 2. racial, ethnic, and religious groups have preserved the traditional family structure 3.
the ideal American family is the best structure 4. fewer married couples are having children Question 11: The word ‘current’ in line 7 could best be replaced by which of the following? 1. traditional Question 12: In the passage, married couples whose children have grown or who have no children represent, 1. 1/3 percent of households B.
20 percent of households 2. 7 percent of households D. 3 percent of households Question 13: Who generally constitutes a one-person household? 1. Assingle man in his twenties B.
An elderly man 2. Asingle woman in her late sixties D. A divorced woman Question 14: What is nuclear family? a social unit composed of two parents and one or more a family consisting of a family nucleus and various relatives, as wne a family in which a parent brings up a child or children alone, without a partner 4. a hard-up family Question 15: Unmarried people living together represent, 1.
1/3 percent In the world today, particularly in the two most industrialized areas, North America and Europe, recycling is big news. People are talking about it, practicing it, and discovering new ways to be sensitive to the environment. Recycling means finding was to use products a second time. The motto of the recycling movement is "Reduce, Reuse, Recycle”.
The first step is to reduce garbage. In stores, a shopper has to buy products in blister packs, boxes and expensive plastic wrappings. A hamburger from a fast food restaurant comes in lots of packaging. usually paper, a box, and a bag.
All that packaging is wasted resources. People should try to buy things that are wrapped simply, and to reuse cups and utensils. Another way to reduce waste is to buy high- quality products. When low quality appliances break, many customers throw them away and buy new ones - a loss of more resources and more energy.
For example, if a customer buys a high- quality appliance that can be easily repaired, the manufacturer receives an important message. In the same way, if a customer chooses a product with less packaging, that customer sends an important message to the manufacturers. To reduce garbage, the throwaway must stop. The second step is to reuse.
It is better to buy juices and soft drinks in retumable. After customers empty the bottles, they retum them to the store. The manufacturers of the drinks collect the bottles, wash them, and then fill them again. The energy that is necessary to make new bottles is saved.
In some parts of the world, returning bottles for money is a common practice. In those places, the garbage dumps have relatively little glass and plastic from throwaway bottles. The third step is being environmentally sensitive is to recycle. Spent motor oil can be cleaned and used again.
Aluminum cans are expensive to make. It takes the same amount of energy to make one aluminum can as it does to run a color TV set for three hours. When people collect and recycle aluminum (for new cans), they help save one of the world's precious resources. Question 16: What is the main topic of the passage?.
How to reduce garbage What people often understand about the term ‘recycle’ wne What is involved in the recycling 4. How to live sensitively to the Question 17: People can do the following to reduce waste EXCEPT. buy high-quality product. buy simply-wrapped things 2.
buy fewer hamburgers. Question 18: Why is it a waste when customers buy low-quality products? 1. Because people will soon throw them 2. Because they have to be repaired many 3.
Because customers change their ideas all the 4. Because they produce less Question 19: What best describes the process of reuse? The bottles are collected, washed, returned and filled again. ð MP The bottles are filled again after being returned, collected and The bottles are washed, retuned, filled again and 4. The bottles are collected, returned filled again and Question 20: What are the two things mentioned as examples of recycling? 1.
Aluminum cans and plastic wrappings. Hamburger wrappings and spent motor oil. Aluminum cans and spent motor oil. TV sets and aluminum cans.
An air pollutant is defined as a compound added directly or indirectly by humans to the atmosphere in such quantities as to affect humans, animals, vegetation, or materials adversely. Air pollution requires a very flexible definition that permits continuous change. When the first air pollution laws were established in England in the fourteenth century, air pollutants were limited to compounds that could be seen or smelled - a far cry from the extensive list of harmful substances known today. As technology has developed and knowledge of the health aspects of various chemicals has increased, the list of air pollutants has lengthened.
In the future, even water vapor might be considered an air pollutant under certain conditions. Many of the more important air pollutants, such as sulfur oxides, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen oxides, are found in nature. As the Earth developed, the concentration of these pollutants was altered by various chemical reactions; they became components in biogeochemical cycles. These serve as an air purification scheme by allowing the ‘compounds to move from the air to the water or soil.
On a global basis, nature's output of these compounds dwarfs that resulting from human activities. However, human production usually occurs in a localized area, such as a city. In such a region, human output may be dominant and may temporarily overload the natural purification scheme of the cycles. The result is an increased concentration of noxious chemicals in the air.
The concentrations at which the adverse effects appear will be greater than the concentrations that the pollutants would have in the absence of human activities. The actual concentration need not be large for a substance to be a pollutant; in fact, the numerical value tells us little until we know how much of an increase this represents over the concentration that would occur naturally in the area. For example, sulfur dioxide has detectable health effects at 0.08 parts per million (ppm), which is about 400 times its natural level. Carbon monoxide, however, has a natural level of 0.1 ppm and is not usually a pollutant until its level reaches about 15 ppm.
Question 21: What does the passage mainly discuss?
